Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system may include a reductant supply and diluent supply conduits, an injector and a control module. The reductant supply conduit includes a first valve controlling a flow of reductant through the reductant supply conduit. The diluent supply conduit includes a second valve controlling a flow of diluent through the diluent supply conduit. The injector is in fluid communication with the reductant supply conduit and the diluent supply conduit and is configured to provide fluid to an exhaust stream. The control module may control the first valve to provide a targeted amount of reductant through the injector. The control module may control the second valve to maintain a fluid flow rate through the injector that is at or above a minimum flow rate threshold of the injector based on a difference between a flow rate through the reductant supply conduit and the minimum flow rate threshold.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system may include an aftertreatment component and thermoelectric generators. The aftertreatment component is disposed in an exhaust gas passageway. The thermoelectric generators may be disposed in the exhaust gas passageway upstream or downstream of the aftertreatment component. Each of the thermoelectric generators may have a catalytic coating and may include a radially extending fin configured to absorb heat from exhaust gas in the exhaust gas passageway. The fin of at least one of the thermoelectric generators may overlap the fin of at least another one of the thermoelectric generators.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system may include an aftertreatment component and thermoelectric generators. The aftertreatment component is disposed in an exhaust gas passageway. The thermoelectric generators may be disposed in the exhaust gas passageway upstream or downstream of the aftertreatment component. Each of the thermoelectric generators may have a catalytic coating and may include a radially extending fin configured to absorb heat from exhaust gas in the exhaust gas passageway. The fin of at least one of the thermoelectric generators may overlap the fin of at least another one of the thermoelectric generators.

Abstract: A system may include an engine, an exhaust passage, a carbon dioxide capture system, and a dosing valve. The engine includes a combustion chamber. The exhaust passage receives exhaust gas from the engine. The carbon dioxide capture system receives exhaust gas from the exhaust passage and may include a separation device, a pump and a first tank. The separation device removes carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas. The pump pumps the removed carbon dioxide to the first tank. A second tank may receive and store carbon dioxide from the first tank. The dosing valve may be in fluid communication with and disposed downstream of the second tank. The dosing valve may regulate a flow of carbon dioxide from the second tank to the engine.

Abstract: An aftertreatment system for treating exhaust gas discharged from a combustion engine may include a particulate filter, a reductant-injection system, an ammonia sensor and a control module. The particulate filter may be configured to filter exhaust gas discharged from the combustion engine. The reductant-injection system may be configured to inject a reductant into a stream of the exhaust gas upstream of the particulate filter. The ammonia sensor may be configured to sense a concentration of ammonia in the stream of exhaust gas downstream of the particulate filter. The control module may be in communication with the ammonia sensor and may determine a soot load of the particulate filter based on data received from the ammonia sensor.

Abstract: A system may include an engine, an exhaust passage, a carbon dioxide capture system, and a dosing valve. The engine includes a combustion chamber. The exhaust passage receives exhaust gas from the engine. The carbon dioxide capture system receives exhaust gas from the exhaust passage and may include a separation device, a pump and a first tank. The separation device removes carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas. The pump pumps the removed carbon dioxide to the first tank. A second tank may receive and store carbon dioxide from the first tank. The dosing valve may be in fluid communication with and disposed downstream of the second tank. The dosing valve may regulate a flow of carbon dioxide from the second tank to the engine.

Abstract: An exhaust system including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) component and an oxidation catalyst component. The exhaust system also includes an exhaust treatment fluid injection system for dispersing an exhaust treatment fluid into an exhaust stream at a location adjacent either the SCR component or the oxidation catalyst component, wherein the exhaust treatment fluid injection device includes a common rail that provides the exhaust treatment fluid under pressure to a plurality of injectors that dose the exhaust treatment fluid into the exhaust stream. The exhaust treatment fluid injection device also includes a return rail for returning unused exhaust treatment fluid to the fluid source. Each of the common rail and return rail can be configured to allow drainage of the exhaust treatment fluid as a freeze-protection feature.

Abstract: A modular exhaust after-treatment system including a plurality of exhaust after-treatment modules. Each module includes a housing defining a non-linear flow path arranged between an inlet passage and an outlet passage. The non-linear flow path includes a first portion adjacent the inlet passage that includes a first exhaust treatment component, a second portion downstream from the first portion, and a third portion downstream from second portion adjacent the outlet passage, wherein the third portion includes a second exhaust treatment component. The plurality of exhaust after-treatment modules are secured to each other in either horizontally or vertically.

Abstract: An aftertreatment system for treating exhaust gas discharged from a combustion engine may include a particulate filter, a reductant-injection system, an ammonia sensor and a control module. The particulate filter may be configured to filter exhaust gas discharged from the combustion engine. The reductant-injection system may be configured to inject a reductant into a stream of the exhaust gas upstream of the particulate filter. The ammonia sensor may be configured to sense a concentration of ammonia in the stream of exhaust gas downstream of the particulate filter. The control module may be in communication with the ammonia sensor and may determine a soot load of the particulate filter based on data received from the ammonia sensor.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system may include a reductant supply and diluent supply conduits, an injector and a control module. The reductant supply conduit includes a first valve controlling a flow of reductant through the reductant supply conduit. The diluent supply conduit includes a second valve controlling a flow of diluent through the diluent supply conduit. The injector is in fluid communication with the reductant supply conduit and the diluent supply conduit and is configured to provide fluid to an exhaust stream. The control module may control the first valve to provide a targeted amount of reductant through the injector. The control module may control the second valve to maintain a fluid flow rate through the injector that is at or above a minimum flow rate threshold of the injector based on a difference between a flow rate through the reductant supply conduit and the minimum flow rate threshold.

Abstract: A modular exhaust after-treatment system including a plurality of exhaust after-treatment modules. Each module includes a housing defining a non-linear flow path arranged between an inlet passage and an outlet passage. The non-linear flow path includes a first portion adjacent the inlet passage that includes a first exhaust treatment component, a second portion downstream from the first portion, and a third portion downstream from second portion adjacent the outlet passage, wherein the third portion includes a second exhaust treatment component. The plurality of exhaust after-treatment modules are secured to each other in either horizontally or vertically.

Abstract: An exhaust system including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) component and an oxidation catalyst component. The exhaust system also includes an exhaust treatment fluid injection system for dispersing an exhaust treatment fluid into an exhaust stream at a location adjacent either the SCR component or the oxidation catalyst component, wherein the exhaust treatment fluid injection device includes a common rail that provides the exhaust treatment fluid under pressure to a plurality of injectors that dose the exhaust treatment fluid into the exhaust stream. The exhaust treatment fluid injection device also includes a return rail for returning unused exhaust treatment fluid to the fluid source. Each of the common rail and return rail can be configured to allow drainage of the exhaust treatment fluid as a freeze-protection feature.

Abstract: A finger tip operated tab top beverage container opener comprises a tubular body having a finger tip opening in one end and a tab top opener at the other end. The finger tip opening is rounded to accommodate a finger tip, while the tab top opener is a flattened portion of the tube in which the tab of a tab top container is received. The flattened portion forms the bottom of the finger tip opening and is offset to the side of the finger tip opening such that an elongated fingernail on the user can extend into the flattened portion of the opener. A tab top can be opened by inserting the flattened portion over the tab and prying upwardly with a finger tip inserted in the finger tip opening.