Abstract: The present invention entails a battery identification system to be utilized by cellular telephones, battery chargers, and other electrical devices for identification of the battery types employed within such devices. The battery identification system comprises a battery type identification circuit that includes one or more input switches that are coupled to a voltage divider network that is made up of a series of voltage divider segments. Each voltage divider segment is designed to produce a signal that is indicative of the on/off state of a particular input switch. To actuate the input switches, the employed battery is provided with one or more switch actuators, where the position and spacing of the switch actuators on the battery in effect uniquely identifies the battery type. Various switching and actuating configurations are contemplated, including mechanical, galvanic, magnetic, and optical systems.

Abstract: A convolutional encoding/decoding system encodes a data bit stream into n bit parity sets from k bit data bit sets, using code words of length L. The system is dependent upon the finding that unique data to parity tables can be generated where both data and parity bit blocks are w bits in length. The value of w=n(L-k)/(n-k). An encoded parity bit stream is subjected to Exclusive OR operation through a connection mask or masks that are dependent upon the encoding code words. The Exclusive OR operation generates syndrome symbols indicative of the presence of errors in the parity bit stream and which are employed to address a correction table. Parity correction values are derived from the correction table and are used to revise the parity bit stream, which is then decoded, using a parity to data table. A number of parity correction procedures are disclosed.