Abstract: A method of controlling an ultraviolet (UV) glue size for liquid crystal display (LCD) devices includes using a frame seal or a patterned device layer as a size-controlling material. At first, a pixel electrode matrix structure is formed on a substrate. A frame seal material is then provided along the periphery of the pixel electrode matrix structure and a size-controlling material is provided. The size-controlling material is harder than the UV glue. The size-controlling material is formed with a predetermined shape around a predetermined place in which a UV glue is formed using the predetermined place as the center of the size-controlling material. The predetermined shape of the size-controlling material includes a U-shape, an arch-shape, a line-shape or a L-shape. Next, the UV glue is formed in the predetermined place, which is preferably the corners of the pixel electrode matrix structure.

Abstract: A method of forming a LCD device having spacers is described. A mixed material is then formed on a first substrate facing a second substrate by mixing a pre-spacer material and a protrusion material with a predetermined ratio. An exposure step and a development step are performed on the mixed material to pattern the mixed material to form protrusion-spacer structures. The protrusion-spacer structures having the same height. Each protrusion-spacer structure has both a protrusion and a spacer, wherein the protrusion is formed on the first substrate, and the spacer is formed only on the protrusion, one-to-one. The first substrate and the second substrate are sealed together, wherein the gap thickness between the first substrate and the second substrate is the same as the height of the protrusion-spacer structures.

Abstract: A method for forming an assay of microcompensators having a pattern of sub-pixel-sized regions of a light sensitive resin, which has been dispersed a colored pigment, aligned with the microcompensators for phase compensation.

Abstract: Color distortion in Liquid Crystal Displays arises because, in addition to rotating the plane of polarization, liquid crystals are birefringent. This causes the emergent light to become elliptically polarized, the extent varying with wavelength, thereby upsetting the color balance. Prior art solutions to this involve use of a single birefringent layer to compensate for this. This approach is only partly successful. The present invention improves the color balance still further by providing a separate set of microcompensators for each primary color that comprises the display. By this means, an exact match between the color distortion introduced by the liquid crystal layer and the phase compensation needed to correct this can be made for each primary color separately. Several different arrangements of the micro color filters of the display and their corresponding microcompensators are shown and a cost effective method for manufacturing these structures is described.

Abstract: Prior art solutions to liquid crystal birefringence (which causes the emergent light to become elliptically polarized) have involved use of a single birefringent layer (macrocompensator) to compensate for this. This approach is only partly successful. The present invention improves the color balance still further by providing a separate set of microcompensators. Two of the color filters share a common microcompensator while a third color filter has its own microcompensator. The color filters are first formed on one of the two substrates' inner surfaces, with the appropriate microcompensators being then formed on the outward looking surface of the other substrate. By this means, a near perfect match between the color distortion introduced by the liquid crystal layer and the phase compensation needed to correct this can be made.

Abstract: Prior art solutions to liquid crystal birefringence (which causes the emergent light to become elliptically polarized) have involved use of a single birefringent layer (macrocompensator) to compensate for this. This approach is only partly successful. The present invention improves the color balance still further by providing a separate set of microcompensators. The color filters are located on one of the two substrates' inner surfaces, with the appropriate microcompensators being located, in one to one correspondence, on the other out surface. By this means, a near perfect match between the color distortion introduced by the liquid crystal layer and the phase compensation needed to correct this can be made.

Abstract: Prior art solutions to liquid crystal birefringence (which causes the emergent light to become elliptically polarized) have involved use of a single birefringent layer (macro-compensator) to compensate for this. This approach is only partly successful. The present invention improves the color balance still further by providing a separate set of microcompensators for each primary color of the display. The microcompensators are first formed on one of the two substrates' inner surfaces, with the appropriate color filter being then formed directly over each one. By this means, an exact match between the color distortion introduced by the liquid crystal layer and the phase compensation needed to correct this can be made for each primary color separately.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display (LCD) cell that has improved wide-viewing-angle and devices so made by incorporating the processing steps of first forming a multiplicity of elongated steps on a substrate surface from a negative photoresist layer, then covering the elongated steps with an insulating material such that sloped sidewalls are produced on the multiplicity of elongated steps. After the liquid crystal material is filled into a cavity formed between the substrate and an upper substrate, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned to the same angle as the sloped sidewalls on the multiplicity of the elongated steps such that the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display cell can be improved.

Abstract: Color distortion in Liquid Crystal Displays arises because, in addition to rotating the plane of polarization, liquid crystals are birefringent. This causes the emergent light to become elliptically polarized, the extent varying with wavelength, thereby upsetting the color balance. Prior art solutions to this involve use of a single birefringent layer to compensate for this. This approach is only partly successful. The present invention improves the color balance still further by providing a separate set of microcompensators for each primary color that comprises the display. By this means, an exact match between the color distortion introduced by the liquid crystal layer and the phase compensation needed to correct this can be made for each primary color separately. Several different arrangements of the micro color filters of the display and their corresponding microcompensators are shown and a cost effective method for manufacturing these structures is described.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell comprises two substrates coated with respective alignment layers (polyimide layers). The upper substrate is coated with the polyimide layer but without the orientation process (rubbing process). The lower substrate coated with polyimide layer and rubbed is made by a method including the steps of a first rubbing process on the coated polyimide layer on the substrate, coating the rubbed polyimide layer with a photoresist layer, removing part of the photoresist layer to expose a portion of the rubbed polyimide layer, carrying out a second rubbing process, and then removing the remainder of the photoresist layer. The lower oriented (rubbed) substrate and the upper non-oriented (non-rubbed) substrate are then assembled together to form the liquid crystal cell to improve the scope of the viewing angle and the gray-level order problem.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an optical retardation film having single axis crystal. A polymer material such as polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polycarbonate, or poly methylmethacrylate dissolved in an alkyl solvent forms a polymer solution. A coating of the solution is deposited on a glass substrate by means of a spin coater. The coated substrate is heated in an oven or a heating pad to dry the polymer film. The dried film separated from the glass substrate forms the optical retardation film.

Abstract: The invention provides a spacer structure and a method of forming the spacer structure for providing uniform spacing between two transparent substrates of a Liquid Crystal Display. The spacer structure uses positive photoresist pads formed on opaque pads. The opaque pads are formed on one surface of one of the transparent substrates. The positive photoresist pads are formed using the opaque pads as a mask when exposing a layer of positive photoresist. The positive photoresist pads are self aligned to the opaque pads. The self alignment of the positive photoresist pads with the opaque pads make it possible to form several layers of positive photoresist pads on each opaque pad to achieve the desired spacer height.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having improved contrast has been developed by providing a black matrix comprising two layers, a metallic underlayer and a top layer of resin in which particles of black pigment have been dispersed. Additionally, said resin is photosensitive so, after exposure to an image having the shape of the desired black matrix, it assumes the form of the black matrix after development. It is then used as a mask during the etching of the underlying metallic layer. The presence of the resin greatly reduces the reflectivity of the black matrix, thereby increasing the contrast level of the overall display, while the underlying metallic layer provides a solid base for it to rest on.