Abstract: A surface-treated copper foil includes a treating surface, and a peak extreme height (Sxp) of the treating surface being in a range of 0.4-2.5 ?m, where the hysteresis loop of the surface-treated copper foil includes a first magnetization and a second magnetization when the magnetic field strength of the hysteresis loop is zero, and the absolute difference between the value of the first magnetization and the value of the second magnetization is in a range of 20-1200 emu/m3.

Abstract: Provided are an electrodeposited copper foil, a current collector, an electrode, and a lithium-ion secondary battery comprising the same. The electrodeposited copper foil has a deposited side and a drum side opposite the deposited side. In a first aspect, ?RS between the deposited side and the drum side is at most about 95 MPa, and the deposited side exhibits a Vv in a range from about 0.15 ?m3/?m2 to about 1.35 ?m3/?m2. In a second aspect, the deposited side has a Sku of about 1.5 to about 6.5 and the deposited side exhibits a Vv in a range from about 0.15 ?m3/?m2 to about 1.35 ?m3/?m2. The characteristics are beneficial to improve the quality of the electrodeposited copper foil, thereby extending the charge-discharge cycle life of a lithium-ion secondary battery comprising the same.

Abstract: Provided are an electrodeposited copper foil, a current collector, an electrode, and a lithium-ion secondary battery comprising the same. The electrodeposited copper foil has a deposited side and a drum side opposite the deposited side. In a first aspect, ?RS between the deposited side and the drum side is at most about 95 MPa, and the deposited side exhibits a Vv in a range from about 0.15 ?m3/?m2 to about 1.35 ?m3/?m2. In a second aspect, the deposited side has a Sku of about 1.5 to about 6.5 and the deposited side exhibits a Vv in a range from about 0.15 ?m3/?m2 to about 1.35 ?m3/?m2. The characteristics are beneficial to improve the quality of the electrodeposited copper foil, thereby extending the charge-discharge cycle life of a lithium-ion secondary battery comprising the same.

Abstract: Provided are an electrolytic copper foil, an electrode, and a lithium-ion cell. The electrolytic copper foil comprising copper and chloride is analyzed by TOF-SIMS along its thickness direction to obtain a spectrum of a relative depth ratio as X-axis and a relative intensity of chloride versus copper as Y-axis. There is a chloride peak located between 20% and 80% of the relative depth ratio in the spectrum, and the chloride peak is characterized by a maximum relative intensity of chloride versus copper ranging from 0.77% to 5.13% and a full width at half maximum ranging from 2.31% to 5.78%. With above characteristics, the electrolytic copper foil has low density of copper particles, low degree of warpage, and good coating uniformity of the active material applied thereon, thereby optimizing the efficiency of a lithium-ion cell comprising the electrolytic copper foil.

Abstract: Provided are an electrolytic copper foil, an electrode, and a lithium-ion cell. The electrolytic copper foil comprising copper and chloride is analyzed by TOF-SIMS along its thickness direction to obtain a spectrum of a relative depth ratio as X-axis and a relative intensity of chloride versus copper as Y-axis. There is a chloride peak located between 20% and 80% of the relative depth ratio in the spectrum, and the chloride peak is characterized by a maximum relative intensity of chloride versus copper ranging from 0.77% to 5.13% and a full width at half maximum ranging from 2.31% to 5.78%. With above characteristics, the electrolytic copper foil has low density of copper particles, low degree of warpage, and good coating uniformity of the active material applied thereon, thereby optimizing the efficiency of a lithium-ion cell comprising the electrolytic copper foil.

Abstract: Architecture that facilitates customized object behavior by allowing for the application of layout rules and constraint on each edge of the document object. This edge-based approach can be applied to layout applications such as desktop publishing. The rules, constraints, and constraint parameters accommodate typical layout scenarios. A layout algorithm is used to find the optimal layout that satisfies a given set of constraints. The architecture provides an interaction model that allows for turning on and off constraints incrementally, per-edge, for user customization of templates. The architecture is a rules and constraint-based layout system that operates on the edge-level, where designers can specify behaviors for each edge of an object.