Abstract: Methods for forming dummy under-bump metallurgy structures and semiconductor devices formed by the same are disclosed. In an embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a first redistribution line and a second redistribution line over a semiconductor substrate; a first passivation layer over the first redistribution line and the second redistribution line; a second passivation layer over the first passivation layer; a first under-bump metallurgy (UBM) structure over the first redistribution line, the first UBM structure extending through the first passivation layer and the second passivation layer and being electrically coupled to the first redistribution line; and a second UBM structure over the second redistribution line, the second UBM structure extending through the second passivation layer, the second UBM structure being electrically isolated from the second redistribution line by the first passivation layer.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a device includes: a passivation layer on a semiconductor substrate; a first redistribution line on and extending along the passivation layer; a second redistribution line on and extending along the passivation layer; a first dielectric layer on the first redistribution line, the second redistribution line, and the passivation layer; and an under bump metallization having a bump portion and a first via portion, the bump portion disposed on and extending along the first dielectric layer, the bump portion overlapping the first redistribution line and the second redistribution line, the first via portion extending through the first dielectric layer to be physically and electrically coupled to the first redistribution line.

Abstract: An engine structure having a conjugate cam assembly is provided and includes a piston which can be used to push or pulled by the conjugate cam assembly mounted on a camshaft through a connection rod, a roller rocker and two rollers. The conjugate cam assembly has two cams with cam profiles and relative arrangement angle which can be varied according to actual operational desire, so as to vary the ratio of intake/exhaust strokes and the ratio of compression/power strokes. Thus, the combustion efficiency and the exhaustion efficiency can be enhanced. When the camshaft finishes four strokes of an operational cycle, the camshaft only rotates one circle (i.e. 360 degree), so that the rotation speed of the camshaft can be lowered.

Abstract: An engine structure having a conjugate cam assembly is provided and includes a piston which can be used to push or pulled by the conjugate cam assembly mounted on a camshaft through a connection rod, a roller rocker and two rollers. The conjugate cam assembly has two cams with cam profiles and relative arrangement angle which can be varied according to actual operational desire, so as to vary the ratio of intake/exhaust strokes and the ratio of compression/power strokes. Thus, the combustion efficiency and the exhaustion efficiency can be enhanced. When the camshaft finishes four strokes of an operational cycle, the camshaft only rotates one circle (i.e. 360 degree), so that the rotation speed of the camshaft can be lowered.