Abstract: A slurry for polishing surfaces or substrates that at least partially comprise ruthenium and copper, wherein the slurry includes an alkali hydroxide, oxygenated halogen compound, and a halogen alkyl benzotriazole. The slurry may further include abrasive, acid(s), and, optionally, an alkoxylated alcohol. With these components, the slurry exhibits a high ruthenium to copper removal rate ratio.

Abstract: The present invention disclosures microwave molded articles, including molded articles having portions with different hardness; molded articles having sharp flanges; molded articles having portions with different colors; molded articles with designed pattern; molded articles made of plastic particles with hollow tubes; molded articles made of plastic and rubber particles composition; molded articles made of plastic particles in combination of pre-molded rubber blocks; a molded article made of plastic particles in combination of textile; and a molded article made of non-spherical type plastic particles. The manufacturing methods for the above molded articles are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention disclosures microwave molded articles, including molded articles having portions with different hardness; molded articles having sharp flanges; molded articles having portions with different colors; molded articles with designed pattern; molded articles made of plastic particles with hollow tubes; molded articles made of plastic and rubber particles composition; molded articles made of plastic particles in combination of pre-molded rubber blocks; a molded article made of plastic particles in combination of textile; and a molded article made of non-spherical type plastic particles. The manufacturing methods for the above molded articles are also provided.

Abstract: A foamable composition for preparing foamed thermoplastic polyurethane, and microwave molded articles thereof are provided. The foamable composition comprises non-foamed thermoplastic polyurethane particles and a foaming agent, wherein the non-foamed thermoplastic polyurethane particles have a viscosity between 10,000 poise and 40,000 poise measured at 170° C. according to JISK 7311 test method.

Abstract: A polymeric composite material includes a plurality of polymer bases, at least one of which is a rubber base, and a filler. The filler is blended with the rubber base, which in turn is blended with other of the polymer bases. As a result, the rubber base is a medium to let the filler uniformly distributed in the polymer bases.

Abstract: An integrated shoe comprises a first part and a second part directly attached to the first part. A method of making the integrated shoe comprises steps of injecting a first thermoplastic polymer mixture into a mold to obtain a first semi-molding part; injecting a second thermoplastic polymer mixture into the mold to obtain a second semi-molding part directly attached to a side surface of the first semi-molding part; and aging the first semi-molding part and the second semi-molding part to form a first part and a second part directly attached to the first part and obtain the integrated shoe. By omitting an adhesive layer, fabrication costs of the integrated shoe are lowered; in addition, yield of the method of making the integrated shoe is raised.

Abstract: A multifunctional environmentally protective polyurethane composite material comprises a thermoplastic polyurethane; an environmentally protective additive including recycled polymer, plant fiber, mineral, or metal powder; and a thickening dispersant including natural rubber or synthetic rubber. By the thickening dispersant, the environmentally protective additive is uniformly added into the thermoplastic polyurethane to form the multifunctional environmentally protective polyurethane composite material. The environmentally protective additive can reduce the existing amount of waste or suppress increase of waste. With the use of the thickening dispersant and the environmentally protective additive, the multifunctional environmentally protective polyurethane composite material has advantages of light weight, good flowability, slip resistance, abrasion resistance, formability and low cost.

Abstract: A phosphorous flame retardant containing clay is made in two steps. First, chlorines of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCP) are substituted with poly(oxyalkylene)-amines in the replacement reaction. Layered or exfoliated clay are then added to perform the intercalation, exfoliation or adsorption reaction to produce the phosphorous flame retardant. The phosphorous flame retardant can be further mixed with a polymer to promote the flame-retarding effect of the polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light emitting diode structure including a Constructive Oxide Contact Structure contact layer. The light emitting diode structure comprises a substrate, a buffer layer formed on the substrate, a lower confinement layer formed on the buffer layer, a light emitting layer formed on the lower confinement layer, an upper confinement layer formed on the light emitting layer, a Constructive Oxide Contact Structure contact layer formed on the upper confinement layer whose conducting type can be P-type, N-type, or I-type, a first electrode, and a second electrode (transparent electrode). The transparent electrode is formed on the Constructive Oxide Contact Structure contact layer as an anode of the light emitting diode. The first electrode is formed on the lower confinement layer and is spaced apart from the light emitting layer, the upper confinement layer, the contact layer, and the transparent electrode. The first electrode is used as a cathode of the light emitting diode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light emitting diode structure including a Constructive Oxide Contact Structure contact layer. The light emitting diode structure comprises a substrate, a buffer layer formed on the substrate, a lower confinement layer formed on the buffer layer, a light emitting layer formed on the lower confinement layer, an upper confinement layer formed on the light emitting layer, a Constructive Oxide Contact Structure contact layer formed on the upper confinement layer whose conducting type can be P-type, N-type, or I-type, a first electrode, and a second electrode (transparent electrode). The transparent electrode is formed on the Constructive Oxide Contact Structure contact layer as an anode of the light emitting diode. The first electrode is formed on the lower confinement layer and is spaced apart from the light emitting layer, the upper confinement layer, the contact layer, and the transparent electrode. The first electrode is used as a cathode of the light emitting diode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a buffer layer within a light emitting semiconducting device. The buffer layer comprises a plurality of metallic nitride layers sequentially formed on top of a sapphire substrate. In a fabrication process of the buffer layer, an Aluminum nitride layer is first formed on the sapphire substrate by a reaction with ammonia and the sapphire substrate's surface under a high temperature. Then on top of the Aluminum nitride layer, a plurality of metallic nitride layers are formed by reactions between ammonia and metallic organic materials under a high temperature. A buffer layer constructed as such has better quality and fewer defects.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light emitting diode structure including a Constructive Oxide Contact Structure contact layer. The light emitting diode structure comprises a substrate, a buffer layer formed on the substrate, a lower confinement layer formed on the buffer layer, a light emitting layer formed on the lower confinement layer, an upper confinement layer formed on the light emitting layer, a Constructive Oxide Contact Structure contact layer formed on the upper confinement layer whose conducting type can be P-type, N-type, or I-type, a first electrode, and a second electrode (transparent electrode). The transparent electrode is formed on the Constructive Oxide Contact Structure contact layer as an anode of the light emitting diode. The first electrode is formed on the lower confinement layer and is spaced apart from the light emitting layer, the upper confinement layer, the contact layer, and the transparent electrode. The first electrode is used as a cathode of the light emitting diode.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method of preparing 1,1'-dialkyl-4,4'-bipyridinium salt compounds which is free of cyanic ion and contains low amount of inorganic salts.