Abstract: A plasmonic optical spectrum filtering device is provided that filters electromagnetic waves by optical resonance, for example, by selective conversion between the free-space waves and spatially confined modes in plasmonic nano-resonators. Frequency-selective transmission and reflection spectra are engineered and can be used as spectrum filters for display and imaging applications. A thin film stack color filter is further disclosed, which can be designed to either function as a transmission color filter with efficiency twice that of conventional colorant based color filter; or as a reflective color filter for display devices (e.g., used in an energy harvesting reflective display). In other variations, a novel reflective colored display is viewable under direct sunlight, and can simultaneously harvest both incident light and generate electrical power. Methods of making such plasmonic optical spectrum filtering devices are also provided.

Abstract: A cable-in-conduit-conductor (CICC) joint for use with a hybrid magnet. An elongate copper member is disposed in sandwiched relation between a first and second cable that are disposed in parallel, spaced apart relation to one another. A first elongate member is disposed in overlying relation to the first cable and a second elongate member is disposed in underlying relation to the second cable. All of the parts are positioned within a joint box, and the joint box is sandwiched between first and second flat plates that are interconnected to one another by elongate bolts. Tightening the bolts compresses the parts within the joint box. A heat treatment completes the solderless joint.

Abstract: Polymers which can be used in p-type materials for organic electronic devices and photovoltaic cells. Compounds, monomers, dimers, trimers, and polymers comprising: wherein A1 and A2 each independently comprise a fused ring system comprising at least two fused rings directly covalently linked to the pyrrole rings. Good photovoltaic efficiency and lifetime can be achieved. The R group can provide solubility, environmental stability, and fine tuning of spectroscopic and/or electronic properties. Different polymer microstructures can be prepared which encourage multiple band gaps and broad and strong absorptions. The carbonyl can interact with adjacent thiophene rings to provide backbone with rigidity, induce planarity, and reduce and/or eliminate intramolecular chain twisting defects.

Abstract: A non-noble metal based catalyst includes a compound represented by Formula 1: ZraMbOxNy??[Formula 1] where M is at least one element selected from Group 4 elements through Group 12 elements, a is a number in the range of about 1 to about 8, b is a number in the range of 1 to 8, x is a number in the range of about 0.2 to about 32, and y is a number in the range of about 0.2 to about 16. A fuel cell electrode and fuel cell may be formed using the non-noble metal based catalyst.

Abstract: A key switch can generate several signals is provided. The key switch includes a key top, a body, a first electronic circuit, a second electronic circuit, and a switch mechanism. Pressing the key top, the switch key generates a first signal while the first electronic circuit is closed by the switch mechanism; the switch key generates a second signal while the second electronic circuit is closed; and the switch key generates a third signal while both the first electronic circuit and the second electronic circuit is closed.

Abstract: A nanopatterned surface is prepared by forming a block copolymer film on a miscut crystalline substrate, annealing the block copolymer film, then reconstructing the surface of the annealed block copolymer film. The method creates a well-ordered array of voids in the block copolymer film that is maintained over a large area. The nanopatterned block copolymer films can be used in a variety of different applications, including the fabrication of high density data storage media.

Abstract: A fine symbol timing synchronization method and apparatus in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system are provided. The fine symbol timing synchronization method finds a path with a minimum mean square error (MMSE) as a first path among a plurality of paths, and a formula of the mean square error (MSE) used by the method is a simplified formula of the original MSE formula with low calculation complexity. Therefore, the time required by the fine symbol timing synchronization method is short, and a correct first path can be found, so as to lock a starting position of a fast Fourier transform (FFT) window on a starting position of a symbol signal of the correct first path.

Abstract: Highly-ordered block copolymer films are prepared by a method that includes forming a polymeric replica of a topographically patterned crystalline surface, forming a block copolymer film on the topographically patterned surface of the polymeric replica, and annealing the block copolymer film. The resulting structures can be used in a variety of different applications, including the fabrication of high density data storage media. The ability to use flexible polymers to form the polymeric replica facilitates industrial-scale processes utilizing the highly-ordered block copolymer films.

Abstract: A regulator comprises a regulator valve and an actuator. The regulator valve comprises a valve body equipped with a customized valve port. That is, the valve seat is designed to have a customized seat height depending on a diameter of an orifice through the valve port, a longitudinal dimension of an orifice through the valve port, and/or a flow capacity of the valve port. Such a design advantageously maximizes the efficiency at which gas flows through the regulator. The actuator is coupled to the valve body and comprises a valve disc disposed within the valve body and adapted for displacement between a closed position engaging the valve seat and an open position spaced from the valve seat.

Abstract: An egg beater includes a seat, and a stirring net mounted on the seat and including a plurality of primary stirring strips and a plurality of secondary stirring strips. Each of the primary stirring strips has a surface formed with a helical groove. Thus, the air is introduced into the dough rapidly and largely by guide of the helical grooves of the primary stirring strips during rotation of the stirring net, so that the air input introduced into the dough is greatly enhanced, thereby decreasing the stirring time of the egg beater.

Abstract: A transgenic mouse that expresses the human Apo E isoforms Apo E2, Apo E3 or Apo E4 but is essentially incapable of expressing endogenous Apo E. Additionally, mice that express more than one of these isoforms are produced by selectively breeding the transgenic mice expressing the different Apo E isoforms disclosed herein. Thus, the present invention allows, among other things, the study of the effects of different combinations of human Apo E isoform expression on normal brain biology, development, function, aging and injury.