Abstract: An apparatus comprising a memory, and a processor coupled to the memory and configured to receive a mapping rule that associates a downstream internal Internet Protocol version four (IPv4) address prefix to an upstream external IPv4 address prefix, receive a first IPv4 packet from an upstream network node with a destination address field comprising an external IPv4 address comprising the external prefix, and perform a first network address translation IPv4 to IPv4 (NAT44) process by replacing the external IPv4 address in the first IPv4 packet's destination address field with an internal IPv4 address based on the mapping rule, wherein the internal IPv4 address comprises the internal prefix and a port set identifier (ID) associated with set of destination ports at a downstream node assigned to receive the first IPv4 packet.

Abstract: A method for message transmission comprises: receiving a forward message sent from an internal network device to an external network; transmitting the forward message after replacing the source address of the forward message with a public network IP address; receiving a reverse message sent from the external network to the internal network device; and transmitting the reverse message after replacing the destination public network IP address of the reverse message, which is sent from the external network to the internal network device, with a private network IP address of the internal network device. With the method, the NAT device can support more users, and thus the number of NAT devices is reduced and synchronization can be achieved between the internal network device and the NAT device when the NAT device aging occurs.

Abstract: A network node for managing the control plane functions for a plurality of nodes within a software defined networking (SDN) domain, comprising a processor configured to collect a plurality of network information from the nodes, forward the network information based on a plurality of domain-specific policies, receive traffic optimization information based on the network information, and compute forwarding decisions for the nodes based on the traffic optimization information. In another embodiment, an Application Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) node, comprising a processor configured to import a first set of network information from one or more SDN nodes, aggregate the network information received from the SDN nodes, calculate a plurality of traffic optimization decisions based on the aggregated network information, and forward the traffic optimization decisions to the SDN nodes.

Abstract: A network element (NE) comprising a processor configured to transmit a message to a domain names system (DNS) server, wherein the message comprises a virtual service internet protocol (VSIP) version six (VSIPv6) address corresponding to a service associated with an internet protocol version four (IPv4) address. Also disclosed is a method comprising associating a remote host internet protocol (IP) version six (IPv6) address with a private IPv4 address in a stateful binding table, and associating a local service IPv4 address with a local service VSIPv6 address in a stateless binding table.

Abstract: A network node for detecting failures in a Dual Stack Lite (DS-Lite) tunnel, comprising a processor configured to obtain a domain name that identifies a first node, create the DS-Lite tunnel to the first node using the domain name, initiate a first bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) session to the first node, transmit a plurality of BFD data packets within the DS-Lite tunnel, and detect a failure within the DS-Lite tunnel using the BFD data packets.

Abstract: System and method for resource admission and control is disclosed. The system for resource admission and control includes an interface unit for application function unit configured to receive service request sent from the application function unit; a policy decision function unit configured to identify the type of an access network according to the service request received by the interface unit for the application function unit and select corresponding service logic for resource admission and control according to the identified type of access network. According to the technical solutions, no matter the request for resource is made to a fixed access network defined in TISPAN, or to a wireless access network defined in the 3GPP, the policy decision function unit xPDF may identify the type of the access network and select corresponding service logic to perform resource admission and control.

Abstract: A method, device and system for managing resources in networks are provided, which relate to the field of data communication. The method includes the following steps. A resource manager (RM) sends a first request message according to a received resource request message, to request an access node (AN) to perform admission control. After receiving an admission control result indicating whether a resource requested by the resource request message is admitted, the RM sends a response message of the resource request message. Therefore, when multicast/unicast connection admission control (CAC) that supports shared bandwidth is realized, flow fusions of user line configuration between the AN and a broadband remote access system (BRAS, and policy distribution between a resource and admission control subsystem (RACS) and the BRAS are guaranteed; and sharing of bandwidth resources is realized to avoid waste of the bandwidth resources.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and discloses a method, an apparatus, and a system for allocating Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) resources to save bandwidth resources in the IPTV service. The method includes the following: a multicast access control entity allocates resources to a unicast access control entity through an intermediate network entity when unicast resources are not enough; and the unicast access control entity allocates resources to the multicast access control entity through the intermediate network entity when multicast resources are not enough. The present invention is primarily applicable to IPTV technologies.

Abstract: The present invention provide a method, network device and system for configuring a network device in an IPv6 network. A network device is configured to obtain an IP address of the network device by sending a router solicitation message to an advertisement router, obtain an IP address of a network management system by sending a DHCP request message to a DHCP server; generate a static route according to the IP address of the network device, the IP address of the network management system, and an IP address of the advertisement router; and register to the network management system according to the generated static route. The network device implements an automatic discovery of a newly added IP device in an IPv6 network in the network management system, which improves network deployment efficiency.

Abstract: A method, a device, and a system for offloading network traffic are provided, which are applied in the field of mobile communications. An offloading device located before a Serving General Packet Radio Service Support Node (SGSN) receives a data stream of a user sent by a base station, obtains an offloading policy of the user from the offloading device and/or obtains the offloading policy of the user from a policy server, and forwards the data stream according to the offloading policy. Accordingly, the offloading device can obtain the corresponding offloading policy according to the data stream sent by a forwarding plane, send a data stream of low value, low real-time performance requirement, or low priority to the Internet or another specific networks, and send a data stream of high value, high real-time performance requirement, or high priority to high-value devices, thereby reducing the networking cost.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and discloses a method for determining path pre-congestion. The method is applicable to an Ethernet path. Pre-congestion is determined and flagged through an ingress node or an intermediate node in the Ethernet path, and a pre-congestion status indication packet is sent by an egress node to the ingress node or a policy server, so that the ingress node or the policy server obtains pre-congestion information of the Ethernet path, and notify an application function entity AF of performing admission control. When the method in the present disclosure is used, problems of packet loss and excessively long time delay caused by the conventional congestion control technology may be avoided, thereby ensuring user experience of existing services.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method, system, and device for admission control and pertains to the communications field. The method includes: admitting a subscriber for watching a multicast video only if each multicast bandwidth management device has sufficient remaining bandwidth after receiving a multicast video request from the subscriber; refusing the subscriber for watching the multicast video if any multicast bandwidth management device has insufficient bandwidth and fails to borrow bandwidth from a unicast bandwidth management device; and after receiving a unicast video request from the subscriber, admitting the subscriber for watching a unicast video only if remaining unicast bandwidth corresponding to a multicast bandwidth management device in each level is sufficient, or else, refusing the subscriber for watching the unicast video. Through bandwidth negotiation between the unicast bandwidth management device and each multicast bandwidth management device, admission control is implemented.

Abstract: A method, device, and system for admission control in a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) are provided. The method includes: converging resource reservation requests from users, in which the resource reservation requests contain bandwidth values to be occupied; and determining whether a total bandwidth value in the converged resource reservation requests is larger than a preset bandwidth threshold of a transmission path; if yes, controlling to establish a new transmission path using an identifier (ID) number of the transmission path originally distributed by the system, in which a bandwidth value of the newly established transmission path is larger than the total bandwidth value in the converged resource reservation requests, and the total bandwidth value is a sum of bandwidth values to be occupied for data transmission in the converged resource reservation requests.

Abstract: A method for ensuring reliability in a network is disclosed, including: distributing, based on service flow, services to multiple home functions entities of the coupled function entity, where the multiple home function entities have identical functional characteristics in the network; taking over, by a first home function entity operating normally, work of a second home function entity to be switched if determining to switch between the multiple home function entities. Through the method, if one or more of the multiple home function entities is in failure, other home function entities may take over work of the function entities in failure, which ensures the continuity of data flows of services and prevents the services from being interrupted, greatly improves reliability and load balancing ability of end-to-end QoS architecture. Furthermore. There is no limitation on network architecture and the method is applicable to networks with any scales.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and discloses a method, an apparatus, and a system for allocating Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) resources to save bandwidth resources in the IPTV service. The method includes the following: a multicast access control entity allocates resources to a unicast access control entity through an intermediate network entity when unicast resources are not enough; and the unicast access control entity allocates resources to the multicast access control entity through the intermediate network entity when multicast resources are not enough. The present invention is primarily applicable to IPTV technologies.

Abstract: A method, device and system for managing resources in networks are provided, which relate to the field of data communication. The method includes the following steps. A resource manager (RM) sends a first request message according to a received resource request message, to request an access node (AN) to perform admission control. After receiving an admission control result indicating whether a resource requested by the resource request message is admitted, the RM sends a response message of the resource request message. Therefore, when multicast/unicast connection admission control (CAC) that supports shared bandwidth is realized, flow fusions of user line configuration between the AN and a broadband remote access system (BRAS, and policy distribution between a resource and admission control subsystem (RACS) and the BRAS are guaranteed; and sharing of bandwidth resources is realized to avoid waste of the bandwidth resources.

Abstract: A signalling exchange method for guaranteeing Internet Protocol (IP) Quality of Service (QoS), including: after a Call Agent (CA) receives a request from a source User Agent (UA) for transferring a user service stream, sending a QoS resource request from the CA to the bearer control layer; allocating resources for the user service stream on the bearer control layer, and carrying out flow mapping for an Edge Router (ER) according to the resource allocation result; after receiving a flow mapping command, the ER allocating a bearer path for the user service stream based on the allocated resources, and transferring an execution result to the CA via the bearer control layer.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for providing reliable transmission Quality of Service (QoS) in communication network, in which a QoS connection is established between bearer network resource managers in bearer network control layer, and maintenance management mechanism is well established in terms of the QoS connection. Various QoS resource control messages can be carried through this established QoS connection, so that request of service bandwidth application of the user and the result thereof, as well as the path information allocated by bearer network resource managers can be transferred. The disclosed method is reliable and easy to implement and maintain, with good controlled quality, and can implement resource synchronization between bearer network resource managers. Therefore, implementation of the disclosed method makes it more convenient to manage resources of bearer network uniformly, and provides technical support on guaranteeing transmission reliability of important services.

Abstract: A multicast/unicast admission control method, a multicast/unicast admission control device, and a multicast/unicast admission control system are provided. In the method, through centralized resource control of a resource and admission control subsystem (RACS), sharing of multicast/unicast resources is realized. The RACS allocates and authorizes resources to an access node (AN), the AN manages the obtained multicast resources under the authorization, and the resource allocation is adjusted through interaction when the multicast resources of the AN or the resources of the RACS are not sufficient.

Abstract: A method, a device and a system for combination of resource admission control are provided. The system includes the policy determination combination device and multiple bearer and transmission devices. The combination device combines functions and interfaces of two or multiple kinds of arbitrary policy determination devices in systems of different standards, and has multiple interfaces to be connected with the bearer and transmission devices, and selects the corresponding interface working protocol according to the type of bearer and transmission device. Multiple bearer and transmission devices are connected with the policy determination combination device by different interfaces. By setting policy determination combination device, the combination of policy determination devices is realized with a few changes to the current network.