Abstract: An optical element held in a holder has a first optical surface which has no rotational symmetry with regard to its imaging axis. The holder has at least one reference element, which defines a position and/or orientation of the holder in a predefined coordinate system which compensates for a difference between an actual pose of the first optical surface and a target pose of the first optical surface in the holder at least in one degree of freedom. The reference element defines at least one specific azimuthal position of the holder. Also provided is a method for adjusting the holder of an optical element that has at least a first optical surface, which has no rotational symmetry with regard to its imaging axis, to a difference between an actual pose of the first optical surface and a target pose of the first optical surface in the holder.