Abstract: A method for operating a forced-flow steam generator constructed as a waste-heat steam generator having a pre-heater, including pre-heater heating surfaces, and having an evaporator including evaporator heating surfaces connected downstream on the flow medium side of the pre-heater heating surfaces. A device for adjusting a feed water mass flow has a set point for the feed water mass flow. During the creation of the set point for the feed water mass flow, a waste-heat flow transferred to a fluid in the evaporator heating surfaces is determined, and mass storage and energy storage in the fluid in the evaporator heating surfaces is detected during non-steady-state plant operation. A behaviour over time of a mass storage in the evaporator is coupled with a behaviour over time of a mass storage in the pre-heater, wherein scaling is carried out with a ratio of the density changes in the evaporator and pre-heater.

Abstract: A method for operating a forced-flow steam generator constructed as a waste-heat steam generator having a pre-heater, including pre-heater heating surfaces, and having an evaporator including evaporator heating surfaces connected downstream on the flow medium side of the pre-heater heating surfaces. A device for adjusting a feed water mass flow has a set point for the feed water mass flow. During the creation of the set point for the feed water mass flow, a waste-heat flow transferred to a fluid in the evaporator heating surfaces is determined, and mass storage and energy storage in the fluid in the evaporator heating surfaces is detected during non-steady-state plant operation.

Abstract: A motor vehicle with a cooling system, comprising an electric traction motor, an ambient heat exchanger, a bypass to the ambient heat exchanger, a traction battery, a coolant heater, a coolant-refrigerant heat exchanger of an air conditioner, a first coolant pump, and a second coolant pump that are directly or indirectly connected or connectable to one another via coolant lines and a distribution system, characterized in that, in a first functional position of the distribution system, coolant is conveyable, by means of the first coolant pump, in a first coolant circuit that includes the traction motor, the bypass to the ambient heat exchanger, and the coolant-refrigerant heat exchanger, and coolant is conveyable, by means of the second coolant pump, in a second coolant circuit, separate from the first coolant circuit, that includes the traction battery and the coolant heater, and in a second functional position of the distribution system, coolant is conveyable, by means of the first coolant pump, in a third c

Abstract: A motor vehicle with a cooling system, comprising an electric traction motor, an ambient heat exchanger, a bypass to the ambient heat exchanger, a traction battery, a coolant heater, a coolant-refrigerant heat exchanger of an air conditioner, a first coolant pump, and a second coolant pump that are directly or indirectly connected or connectable to one another via coolant lines and a distribution system, characterized in that, in a first functional position of the distribution system, coolant is conveyable, by means of the first coolant pump, in a first coolant circuit that includes the traction motor, the bypass to the ambient heat exchanger, and the coolant-refrigerant heat exchanger, and coolant is conveyable, by means of the second coolant pump, in a second coolant circuit, separate from the first coolant circuit, that includes the traction battery and the coolant heater, and in a second functional position of the distribution system, coolant is conveyable, by means of the first coolant pump, in a third c

Abstract: A continuous flow steam generator includes a combustion chamber, having substantially rectangular cross-section and a lower and upper combustion chamber region, and has a horizontal gas pass connected downstream of the combustion chamber on the flue-gas side. Gas-tight and gas-permeable peripheral walls of the generator are completely or partly made of steam generator pipes welded together and through which a flow medium can flow, and collectors are arranged and connected to the steam generator pipes such that groups of steam generator pipes connected in parallel form heating surface segments of the peripheral walls. First passage collectors are arranged and connected such that the flow medium from first heating surface segments of two parallel first peripheral walls of the lower combustion chamber region are mixed with the fluid medium from second heating surface segments of second peripheral walls, standing perpendicular to the first peripheral walls, of the upper combustion chamber region.

Abstract: A once-through steam generator includes a combustion chamber, the walls of which comprise vertically arranged evaporator pipes connected to one another in gas-tight fashion by pipe webs, through which evaporator pipes flows a flow medium from bottom to top. The evaporator pipes are combined by upstream inlet collectors to form more intensely and less intensely heated pipe groups. A feed water supply is assigned to respective inlet collectors. At least one regulating valve regulates throttling of the mass flow of the flow medium into the evaporator pipes. To determine a control variable for the regulating valve, temperature measurement device measures outlet temperatures of the flow medium exiting the evaporator pipes. Each of the more intensely and less intensely heated pipe groups is assigned to one of the inlet collectors and to an outlet collector, and each of the outlet collectors has one of the temperature measurement devices.

Abstract: A method for operating a directly heated, solar-thermal steam generator is provided. As per the method, a nominal value {dot over (M)}s for the supply water mass flow {dot over (M)} is conducted to an apparatus for adjusting the supply water mass flow {dot over (M)} wherein, at the adjustment of the nominal value {dot over (M)}s for the supply water mass flow {dot over (M)}, account is taken of a correction value KT, by which the thermal effects of storage or withdrawal of thermal energy in an evaporator are corrected.

Abstract: A continuous flow steam generator includes a combustion chamber, having substantially rectangular cross-section and a lower and upper combustion chamber region, and has a horizontal gas pass connected downstream of the combustion chamber on the flue-gas side. Gas-tight and gas-permeable peripheral walls of the generator are completely or partly made of steam generator pipes welded together and through which a flow medium can flow, and collectors are arranged and connected to the steam generator pipes such that groups of steam generator pipes connected in parallel form heating surface segments of the peripheral walls. First passage collectors are arranged and connected such that the flow medium from first heating surface segments of two parallel first peripheral walls of the lower combustion chamber region are mixed with the fluid medium from second heating surface segments of second peripheral walls, standing perpendicular to the first peripheral walls, of the upper combustion chamber region.

Abstract: A once-through steam generator includes a combustion chamber, the walls of which comprise vertically arranged evaporator pipes connected to one another in gas-tight fashion by pipe webs, through which evaporator pipes flows a flow medium from bottom to top. The evaporator pipes are combined by upstream inlet collectors to form more intensely and less intensely heated pipe groups. A feed water supply is assigned to respective inlet collectors. At least one regulating valve regulates throttling of the mass flow of the flow medium into the evaporator pipes. To determine a control variable for the regulating valve, temperature measurement device measures outlet temperatures of the flow medium exiting the evaporator pipes. Each of the more intensely and less intensely heated pipe groups is assigned to one of the inlet collectors and to an outlet collector, and each of the outlet collectors has one of the temperature measurement devices.

Abstract: A forced-flow steam generator includes first and second steam generator pipes which form a surrounding wall, wherein the first and second steam generator pipes are welded in a gas-tight fashion and are traversable by flow in a vertical direction. A passage collector is arranged within the surrounding wall, wherein the passage collector connects the first steam generator pipes with the second steam generator pipes. The first steam generator pipes are connected at an outlet side to an inlet side of the second steam generator pipes, wherein the second steam generator pipes are connected in series with the first steam generator pipes. Each of the second generator pipes has a restrictor device. Further, a power plant with a forced-flow steam generator is provided.

Abstract: A method for operating a directly heated, solar-thermal steam generator is provided. As per the method, a nominal value Ms for the supply water mass flow M is conducted to an apparatus for adjusting the supply water mass flow M wherein, at the adjustment of the nominal value Ms for the supply water mass flow M, account is taken of a correction value KT, by which the thermal effects of storage or withdrawal of thermal energy in an evaporator are corrected.

Abstract: A forced-flow steam generator includes first and second steam generator pipes which form a surrounding wall, wherein the first and second steam generator pipes are welded in a gas-tight fashion and are traversable by flow in a vertical direction. A passage collector is arranged within the surrounding wall, wherein the passage collector connects the first steam generator pipes with the second steam generator pipes. The first steam generator pipes are connected at an outlet side to an inlet side of the second steam generator pipes, wherein the second steam generator pipes are connected in series with the first steam generator pipes. Each of the second generator pipes has a restrictor device. Further, a power plant with a forced-flow steam generator is provided.