Abstract: A computer system comprising processing circuitry configured to determine measured current over each one of a plurality of contactors of a switching arrangement of an energy storage system of a vehicle, determine a health level of each contactor, control the order in which the battery packs are disconnected from the common traction voltage bus, until all of the battery packs are disconnected, by opening closed contactors according to the following: open the closed contactor having the lowest measured current in response to that no closed contactor has a health level deviating from a mean health level of all contactors with more than a first predetermined value, and open the closed contactor having the lowest health level in response to that the health level of such closed contactor deviates from the mean health level of all contactors with a value of more than the first predetermined value.

Abstract: A computer system for a heavy-duty vehicle has a fuel-cell system and an electrical energy storage system. The computer system comprises processing circuitry configured to identify a downhill portion of a trip to be undertaken by the heavy-duty vehicle, determine at least two candidate routes leading from a starting location along the trip to an onset of the downhill portion of the trip, predict a state of energy, SoE, of the battery system at the onset of the downhill portion for each candidate route, and select a proposed route out of the candidate routes at least in part based on the predicted SoE for each candidate route and on an estimated amount of energy regenerated by traversing the downhill portion of the trip.

Abstract: A computer system and a method for controlling a power system of a vehicle is disclosed. The power system includes a fuel cell system and an energy storage system comprising one or more batteries. The method includes predicting an upcoming driving event associated with a start time and a time duration, the driving event being an event during which the vehicle is expected to be operated under a load condition. The method further includes determining a preferred operating condition of the fuel cell system during the predicted upcoming driving event based on the load condition and on the time duration, and controlling the power system by performing a preparation action associated with the power system in dependence of the determined operating condition of the fuel system before the start time of the predicted upcoming driving event.

Abstract: A computer system including a processor device is provided. The processor device is configured to receive a deactivation request to deactivate a heavy-duty vehicle. The processor device is further configured to determine a controlled partial deactivation instruction of the vehicle, wherein the controlled partial deactivation instruction is determined by an autonomous model comprising a historical usage pattern of the vehicle. The historical usage pattern comprises information of deactivation events and activation events of the vehicle that has historically occurred at reference time frames. The processor device is further configured to control the vehicle to execute the controlled partial deactivation instruction such that the vehicle is at least partially deactivated either immediately, or after a delay, as determined by the controlled partial deactivation instruction.

Abstract: A computer system comprising a processor device is provided. The processor device is configured to receive a deactivation request to deactivate a heavy-duty vehicle. The processor device is further configured to determine a controlled partial deactivation instruction of at least one subsystem of the vehicle, wherein the controlled partial deactivation instruction is determined by an autonomous model comprising a historical usage pattern of the vehicle. The historical usage pattern comprises information of deactivation events and activation events of the vehicle that has historically occurred at reference locations. The processor device is further configured to control the vehicle to execute the controlled partial deactivation instruction such that the vehicle is at least partially deactivated either immediately, or after a delay, as determined by the controlled partial deactivation instruction.

Abstract: A computer system determines a selected path to be taken by a vehicle. The system monitors alternative paths for the vehicle; based on the monitoring, determines that the vehicle approaches at least two alternative paths having different properties; determines a probability of the vehicle taking each of the at least two alternative paths having different properties; compares the probabilities of the at least two alternative paths to each other; and based on a result of the comparison of the probabilities, selects a selected path amongst the at least two alternative paths.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for scheduling a vehicle software update in a vehicle, for example, in heavy-duty vehicle which may be operating in a defined area or site, and/or along a defined trajectory, the method comprising associating a probability of the vehicle having an updateable operational state with one or more time periods, wherein the probability of the vehicle being updateable is determined based at least partly on data representing behavioural states of one or more similar vehicles, in other words, other vehicles which have usage characteristics which have a relationship to the usage characteristics of the vehicle; scheduling a pending software update until the next time period of the one or more time periods where the probability of the vehicle having an updateable operational states meets a software update condition; and, enabling the vehicle to perform the software update when the vehicle probability having the updateable operational state meets the software update condition.

Abstract: A method for operating a switching arrangement of a rechargeable energy storage system, RESS. The RESS includes parallelly arranged battery packs and the switching arrangement comprising an associated contactor for each battery pack. The contactors are configured to connect and disconnect the battery packs relative a traction voltage bus by closing and opening, respectively, the traction voltage bus being connected to at least one load. The method includes providing a window of opportunity in which no request for powering the load by the battery packs, and no request for charging the battery packs, are allowed to be implemented, in the window of opportunity, preventing the contactors to open enabling equalization due to current transfer between the battery packs, measuring the current transfer between the battery packs, and in response to the measured current transfer, preventing the contactors to open and/or opening the contactors.

Abstract: A switching arrangement for reducing contactor wear of an energy storage system having a plurality of battery packs arranged in parallel for powering a load. The switching arrangement includes a contactor for each battery pack, the contactors being configured to connect and disconnect the battery packs relative the load by closing and opening, respectively, an electric arc reducing circuitry associated to one of the contactors, wherein the switching arrangement is configured to electrically disconnect the battery packs from the load by means of the contactors such that the contactor being associated with the electric arc reducing circuitry is opened last.

Abstract: A method for operating a switching arrangement of an energy storage system, the energy storage system comprising a plurality of parallelly arranged battery packs and the switching arrangement comprising an associated contactor for each battery pack, the contactors being configured to connect and disconnect the battery packs relative a load by closing and opening, respectively. The method comprises disconnecting the battery packs from the load by means of the contactors such that the battery packs are disconnected in a sequence in which one contactor is opened last and thereby subject to increased disconnection wear, controlling the sequence in which the battery packs are disconnected in such a way that the increased disconnection wear is accounted for and used to distribute contactor wear among the contactors during subsequent disconnections of the battery packs from the load.

Abstract: An energy storage system for a vehicle, includes one or more battery units for storing electrical energy; at least one high voltage switch for connection and disconnection of the one or more battery units to at least one load, such as an electrical machine; a fuse for disconnection of the one or more battery units when the energy storage system experiences an overcurrent being above a predetermined overcurrent value. The energy storage system is configured to during use, identify if a condition has occurred which requires immediate shutdown of the energy storage system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method (100) for determining an adjusted state-of-charge (SOC) operating window of a battery pack assembly in a vehicle. The method comprises the steps of determining (120) an energy throughput or an electrical current through put of the battery pack assembly; determining (130) a SOC operating window margin based on said determined energy throughput or electrical current through put of the battery pack assembly;adjusting (140) the SOC operating window in response to the determined SOC operating window margin.

Abstract: A device/method for the control of a charge operation and the State Of Charge (SOC) of an electrical Energy Storage System (ESS), e.g. a battery, that includes a multitude of cells is provided. The ESS is electrically connected to a propulsion system of a vehicle in order to power an Electric Motor. The method includes charging the ESS from an electrical power source, e.g., the grid, when the vehicle is at standstill, stopping the charging when the SOC level of the ESS is above a maintenance limit for the SOC level of the ESS, monitoring the battery and/or performing a service operation of the ESS after the ESS has been charged to a SOC level above the maintenance limit for the SOC level of the ESS, deliberately discharging the ESS to lower the SOC level.

Abstract: A traction voltage system in a vehicle includes a junction box with multiple connectors for electrical components, which components include electrical supplies and electrical loads, and an electronic control unit arranged to monitor current flowing flow to or from the components. A controller or a circuit breaker is arranged to control the supply of power to each respective component, and at least all but one of the connectors are provided with a current sensor arranged to transmit a signal representing detected current values to the electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is arranged to determine an instantaneous current value flowing to or from each component, to compare the instantaneous current value with a predetermined limit value for each connector, and to take action in response to the comparison. A method for controlling the traction voltage system is also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided for balancing an energy storage system that includes a plurality of connected battery cells in a vehicle including an electric machine arranged for propulsion of the vehicle. The method includes monitoring a need for balancing of the cells, initiating a request for the balancing based on the operational condition related to the battery cells, discharging or charging the energy storage system until the state of charge of the energy storage system has reached a predetermined level, and balancing the voltage of the battery cells. The method further includes allowing input instructions representing a time schedule for the balancing upon initiating the request for balancing, and initiating the discharging so that the energy storage system reaches the predetermined level of the state of charge in accordance with the input instructions. An arrangement for balancing an energy storage system is also provided.

Abstract: A method for estimation of state-of-health (SOH) characteristics of a battery in hybrid vehicles includes charging and discharging the battery at least one time within an upper region of a state-of-charge (SOC) window, wherein the battery; charging and discharging the battery at least one time within a lower region of the SOC window, calibrating a battery management unit included in the hybrid vehicle by using the reached levels outside the SOC window and estimating the SOH characteristics of the battery during the charge and discharge periods by using the battery management unit.

Abstract: A method is provided for monitoring a state of health of a vehicle system and includes measuring a plurality of parameter values for the system at different running conditions as an end of line test, storing the parameter values in a fingerprint file, measuring the same plurality of parameter values that is comprised in the fingerprint file after a predefined time interval, adding a predefined, ageing offset to the fingerprint file, where the ageing offset corresponds to a predicted wear of the system during the predefined time interval, thereby obtaining a time modified fingerprint file for the system, comparing the measured values with the time modified fingerprint file, and issuing a message if the measured values deviates from the time modified fingerprint file. The state of health can be compared with initial measurements such that the state of health of a vehicle system or component can be monitored over a longer time period.

Abstract: A method is provided for balancing the voltage of multiple series-connected electrochemical cells of an electrical storage system of a hybrid electric vehicle. The method includes discharging the electrical storage system by operating at least one large electrical machine of the vehicle at vehicle standstill until the state of charge of the electrical storage system or the cell having the lowest state of charge has reached a predetermined level, and subsequently balancing the voltage of the cells.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating a hybrid electric vehicle including an internal combustion engine and an electrical system, which electrical system includes at least one electronic control unit, an engine-driven electric machine (operable as a motor for driving the vehicle or as a generator for supplying power to one or more electrical loads via a high voltage traction bus, and a high voltage battery pack coupled to the high voltage traction bus by at least one contactor arranged to connect the battery pack to the high voltage traction bus. If it is determined that the at least one parameter indicates a condition preventing the battery pack from being connected to the high voltage bus, the electric machine is operated in voltage control mode during operation of the vehicle until the condition is eliminated, whereafter the high voltage bus is pre-charged and the high voltage battery pack reconnected.