Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator is capable of providing a high speed driving force, for example, for driving the contacts of a circuit breaker or similar power distribution equipment. The electromagnetic actuator may use a directly powered moving coil element in combination with one or more energized stationary coils to generate an output force using reduced requirements for current, voltage and current/voltage rate-of-change. Precise control of actuator motion is obtained by permitting different supply voltages, firing times and capacitor supplies. The electromagnetic actuator may further incorporate a return spring arrangement and a magnetic latch arrangement.

Abstract: A memory module is provided for an electrical device such as a switching device or circuit interrupter wherein the memory module is arranged to be mounted with the device and arranged to store data including device characteristics, operating configuration and operational history.

Abstract: A control method and arrangement that monitors the condition and operating parameters of a power electronic system having power electronic devices and responds to various detected abnormalities to optimize operation of the power electronic system. The arrangement increases reliability of operation and optimizes the continuous supply of power to a load. The arrangement also includes the capability for diagnosing the parameters of the power electronic switches including drive current, drive voltage and operating temperature and for communicating the status information in a coordinated fashion.