Abstract: Various examples are provided related to electrochemical phosphate/pH (P/pH) sensors, systems and related methods. In one example, a P/pH sensor includes a substrate and collocated phosphate (P) electrode and pH electrode formed on a surface of the substrate. The P electrode includes a cobalt (Co) sensing window disposed on a first copper (Cu) sensor pad; and the pH electrode includes an antimony (Sb) sensing window disposed on a second Cu sensor pad. The P/pH sensor can include a reference electrode, and may also include other sensor electrodes such as, e.g., a nitrate electrode.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for intelligent mouthguards that can be used in fitness and sport activities. In one example, an intelligent mouthguard system includes a mouthguard including sensors and an internal module in communication with the sensors. The sensors can include a nine-axis inertial sensor comprising a three-axis magnetometer, a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope. The three-axis magnetometer can provide a reference plane in relation to the earth's magnetic field for the three-axis accelerometer and the three-axis gyroscope. The internal module can provide sensor data to an external processing unit when located in an oral cavity.

Abstract: Various examples related to metaconductor based skins and transmission lines are provided. In one example, a flexible metaconductor skin includes a flexible substrate; at least one layer of non-ferromagnetic metal disposed on the flexible substrate; and a layer of ferromagnetic metal disposed on the at least one layer of non-ferromagnetic metal. The flexible metaconductor skin can be used as a multi-layer coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for smart transportation and sensing systems. In one example, an apparatus for smart transportation sensing includes a reflector integrated in a contoured roadway unit configured to protect the reflector from damage by vehicles traveling along a transportation surface; and a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag integrated in the contoured roadway unit. In another example, a system for smart transportation includes a vehicle including a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader configured to interrogate RFID tags integrated in reflector units disposed along a transportation surface; and a processing system in communication with the RFID reader, the processing system configured to process data obtained from at least one of the RFID tags to determine vehicle location along the transportation surface.

Abstract: Various examples related to metaconductor based skins and transmission lines are provided. In one example, a flexible metaconductor skin includes a flexible substrate; at least one layer of non-ferromagnetic metal disposed on the flexible substrate; and a layer of ferromagnetic metal disposed on the at least one layer of non-ferromagnetic metal. The flexible metaconductor skin can be used as a multi-layer coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for intelligent mouthguards that can be used in fitness and sport activities. In one example, an intelligent mouthguard system includes a mouthguard including sensors and an internal module in communication with the sensors. The sensors can include a nine-axis inertial sensor comprising a three-axis magnetometer, a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope. The three-axis magnetometer can provide a reference plane in relation to the earth's magnetic field for the three-axis accelerometer and the three-axis gyroscope. The internal module can provide sensor data to an external processing unit when located in an oral cavity.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for smart transportation and sensing systems. In one example, an apparatus for smart transportation sensing includes a reflector integrated in a contoured roadway unit configured to protect the reflector from damage by vehicles traveling along a transportation surface; and a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag integrated in the contoured roadway unit. In another example, a system for smart transportation includes a vehicle including a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader configured to interrogate RFID tags integrated in reflector units disposed along a transportation surface; and a processing system in communication with the RFID reader, the processing system configured to process data obtained from at least one of the RFID tags to determine vehicle location along the transportation surface.