Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a nonmagnetic granular layer that has a granular structure in which a plurality of nonmagnetic grains made of a nonmagnetic material are separated from one another by a Cr oxide. The magnetic recording medium further includes a magnetic granular layer that is formed on the nonmagnetic granular layer and has a granular structure in which a plurality of magnetic grains made of a magnetic material are separated from one another by a nonmagnetic material.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a nonmagnetic granular layer that has a granular structure in which a plurality of nonmagnetic grains made of a nonmagnetic material are separated from one another by a Cr oxide. The magnetic recording medium further includes a magnetic granular layer that is formed on the nonmagnetic granular layer and has a granular structure in which a plurality of magnetic grains made of a magnetic material are separated from one another by a nonmagnetic material.

Abstract: After a measurement apparatus records a magnetization state of a reference pattern on at least one specific track of a recording medium, it generates a leakage magnetic field of a demagnetization pattern and demagnetizes the magnetization state of the reference pattern using the leakage magnetic field. Then, the measurement apparatus calculates a difference between the read output of a reference pattern before demagnetization and the read output of a reference pattern after demagnetization on the specific track and obtains a leakage magnetic field of a recording head from the obtained difference.

Abstract: After a measurement apparatus records a magnetization state of a reference pattern on at least one specific track of a recording medium, it generates a leakage magnetic field of a demagnetization pattern and demagnetizes the magnetization state of the reference pattern using the leakage magnetic field. Then, the measurement apparatus calculates a difference between the read output of a reference pattern before demagnetization and the read output of a reference pattern after demagnetization on the specific track and obtains a leakage magnetic field of a recording head from the obtained difference.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium for high areal recording density that has excellent thermal fluctuation resistance and recording/reproduction characteristics, and a method of producing the same. The magnetic recording medium includes a glass substrate, an NiP layer having an oxide film on its surface provided on the glass substrate, a ground layer provided on the NiP layer, and a nonmagnetic intermediate layer provided on the ground layer. The magnetic recording medium further includes an exchange layer structure composed of a ferromagnetic layer and a nonmagnetic coupling layer provided on the nonmagnetic intermediate layer, and a magnetic recording layer provided on the exchange layer structure. The oxide film on the NiP layer is formed by introducing a small quantity of oxygen into a vacuum chamber of a sputter device. The formation and oxidation of the NiP layer are conducted at a temperature of not less than 140° C.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium for high areal recording density that has excellent thermal fluctuation resistance and recording/reproduction characteristics, and a method of producing the same. The magnetic recording medium includes a glass substrate, an NiP layer having an oxide film on its surface provided on the glass substrate, a ground layer provided on the NiP layer, and a nonmagnetic intermediate layer provided on the ground layer. The magnetic recording medium further includes an exchange layer structure composed of a ferromagnetic layer and a nonmagnetic coupling layer provided on the nonmagnetic intermediate layer, and a magnetic recording layer provided on the exchange layer structure. The oxide film on the NiP layer is formed by introducing a small quantity of oxygen into a vacuum chamber of a sputter device. The formation and oxidation of the NiP layer are conducted at a temperature of not less than 140° C.

Abstract: An ambulatory exercise machine which can easily carry out suitable ambulatory exercise in accordance with a condition of a trainee. A walking path surface is provided for the trainee and a drive drives the walking path surface. An assist arrangement is provided which includes support arms supporting the waist part of the trainee in front and at sides of the trainee and which enables a space between left and right arms to be adjusted. The assist arrangement includes a drive which drives the support arms. Further, the support arms enable attachment of a belt for holding the trainee so that the trainee is movable within a desired range.

Abstract: After an initial starting single color may or may not be provided, the user may indicate a global sensation, such as morning, so that all colors inputted thereafter will be modified by the global sensation, or input a basic color, such as blue. In either case, menu driven user input information may include any number of human sensations relating to color for modifying the previously compounded color. In each case, the newly compounded color is displayed in a color display area on the screen. Thus formed, new colors may be named and stored to be retrieved at a later date. The menus on the display screen may be grouped according to basic decisions, basic colors, and compounding modifications according to human sensations, which latter may be subgrouped according to specific types of sensations such as mood, feeling, temperature, and the like.

Abstract: A quinone derivative useful in the treatment of hepatic diseases defined by the general formula: ##STR1## where X and Y may be the same or different from each other and are each a hydroxyl group, a group represented by the formula --(--OCH.sub.2 --).sub.n --OR.sup.6, wherein n is 0 or 1 and R.sup.6 is a lower alkyl group, or an acyl group.

Abstract: A quinone derivative useful in the treatment of hepatic diseases defined by the general formula: ##STR1## where R1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenly, alkynyl or heterocycle, R2 is a substituted nitrogen containing radical wherein the substituents on said nitrogen are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl or heterocycles, and where said nitrogen may be a ring heteroatom, and R3, R4 and R5, may be the same or different and each are hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy groups.