Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a fixing member has a surface layer having conductivity. A developer is a toner having a toner particle including a binder resin, a reactant of a polyhydric acid and a compound containing a group 4 element is present on a surface of the toner particle, and Tv/Fv>100 is satisfied where Tv represents a volume resistivity upon being unfixed, and Fv represents a volume resistivity after fixing. A bias applying unit can selectively apply a bias of a positive polarity and a bias of a negative polarity, and applies a bias of the same polarity as the charged polarity of a filler included in a recording material when the recording material passes through a fixing nip portion, and when the recording material does not pass through the fixing nip portion, respectively.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a fixing member has a surface layer having conductivity. A developer is a toner having a toner particle including a binder resin, a reactant of a polyhydric acid and a compound containing a group 4 element is present on a surface of the toner particle, and Tv/Fv>100 is satisfied where Tv represents a volume resistivity upon being unfixed, and Fv represents a volume resistivity after fixing. A bias applying unit can selectively apply a bias of a positive polarity and a bias of a negative polarity, and applies a bias of the same polarity as the charged polarity of a filler included in a recording material when the recording material passes through a fixing nip portion, and when the recording material does not pass through the fixing nip portion, respectively.

Abstract: An image heating apparatus includes an endless film, a pressing member forming a nip portion together with the film, and a film holding member provided at a longitudinal end portion of the film. The film holding member includes a movable member including a restriction surface configured to restrict a longitudinal movement of the film and a guide surface configured to guide a rotation of the film, the guide surface including a lubricant application unit. The film holding member further includes a biased member supporting the movable member and including a force reception portion, and is configured to cause the movable member to move upstream in a conveyance direction of the recording material at the nip portion relative to the biased member and cause the lubricant application unit to abut against an inner peripheral surface of the fixing film, when the movable member moves longitudinally.

Abstract: An image heating apparatus includes an endless film, a pressing member forming a nip portion together with the film, and a film holding member provided at a longitudinal end portion of the film. The film holding member includes a movable member including a restriction surface configured to restrict a longitudinal movement of the film and a guide surface configured to guide a rotation of the film, the guide surface including a lubricant application unit. The film holding member further includes a biased member supporting the movable member and including a force reception portion, and is configured to cause the movable member to move upstream in a conveyance direction of the recording material at the nip portion relative to the biased member and cause the lubricant application unit to abut against an inner peripheral surface of the fixing film, when the movable member moves longitudinally.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming portion, a first fixing member, and a second fixing member that forms a nip with the first fixing member. An air blowing device blows air for cooling an end portion region of at least one of the first and second fixing members with respect to a longitudinal direction, perpendicular to a recording material feeding direction, in the nip. In addition, a controller capable of selecting one of an operation in a first mode, in which cooling of the end portion region by the air blowing device is carried out depending on a recording material size, with respect to a widthwise direction of the recording material, and an operation in a second mode, in which the cooling is carried out depending on a size of a print region of the image, with respect to a direction perpendicular to the recording material feeding direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming portion, first and second fixing members configured to form a nip in which the recording material carrying the image thereon is nipped and fed, air blowing portion configured to blow air for cooling an end portion region of at least one of the first and second fixing members with respect to a longitudinal direction perpendicular to a recording material feeding direction in the nip, and a controller capable of selecting an operation in a first mode in which cooling of the end portion region by the air blowing portion is carried out depending on a recording material size with respect to a widthwise direction of the recording material and an operation in a second mode in which the cooling is carried out depending on an image size with respect to a direction perpendicular to the recording material feeding direction.

Abstract: A control portion has a conversion portion that converts image data to be used for forming a recorded image by using either a first conversion condition which has been set such as to obtain a first gradation characteristic in the image to be formed on the recording material when a first image forming operation is executed or a second conversion condition which has been set such as to obtain a second gradation characteristic, which is different from the first gradation characteristic, in the image when a second image forming operation is executed, a peripheral velocity ratio between an image bearing member and a developer bearing member being larger during the second image forming operation than during the first image forming operation, and enables the first image forming operation or the second image forming operation to be performed on the basis of converted image data.

Abstract: A control portion has a conversion portion that converts image data to be used for forming a recorded image by using either a first conversion condition which has been set such as to obtain a first gradation characteristic in the image to be formed on the recording material when a first image forming operation is executed or a second conversion condition which has been set such as to obtain a second gradation characteristic, which is different from the first gradation characteristic, in the image when a second image forming operation is executed, a peripheral velocity ratio between an image bearing member and a developer bearing member being larger during the second image forming operation than during the first image forming operation, and enables the first image forming operation or the second image forming operation to be performed on the basis of converted image data.

Abstract: Provided is a color display element which employs a conventional system of monochrome electronic paper without degrading the degree of brightness and with ease and lower costs. Also provided is a method of producing a color display element including a pair of opposing substrates having electrodes, charged display bodies of white color and black color which are enclosed between the opposing substrates, and a color filter which is disposed on one of the opposing substrates, the method including forming a color filter disposed on a viewing side by forming, first, colored regions of at least three colors of blue, green, and red by an inkjet method on a transparent support substrate, and forming remaining regions other than the colored regions so as to be colorless or transparent.

Abstract: Provided are a lenticular lens sheet which can be used in a stereoscopic display, a rear projection display, a projection screen, and the like, and means for manufacturing the lenticular lens sheet at low cost without using any mold. The lenticular lens sheet includes at least a transparent support substrate; a plurality of lenticular lenses; and a partition between adjacent ones of the plurality of lenticular lenses, and the lenticular lens sheet is obtained by applying a transparent resin composition ink by an inkjet method to an area partitioned by the partition and subsequently curing the transparent resin composition ink with ultraviolet rays.

Abstract: The image heating apparatus includes an endless belt, a roller which contacts an outer face of the belt, and a nip portion forming unit which contacts an inner face of the belt, and forms a nip portion with the roller, for nipping and conveying a recording material. The nip portion forming unit includes a component which is longer than the belt in a generatrix direction of the belt. The apparatus also includes a regulation portion provided to oppose an end face of the belt, for regulating a shift movement of the belt to the generatrix direction of the belt. The regulation portion is integrally-molded with the component. As a result, damage of the end of the endless belt can be reduced.

Abstract: An image heating device includes an endless belt including a base layer and an elastic layer formed around the base layer, a contact member contacting an inner surface of the endless belt, a pressure rotating member forming a nip portion configured to convey a recording material while nipping the recording material along with the contact member via the endless belt, wherein an image formed on the recording material is heated at the nip portion using heat from the endless belt, and wherein one end of the endless belt is coated with the elastic layer and the other end of the endless belt is not coated with the elastic layer, and a belt lateral shifting direction regulating mechanism configured to regulate a direction in which the endless belt shifts when the endless belt is rotated, toward the end coated with the elastic layer.

Abstract: Provided are a color display device capable of colorized display in a reflection type display device which is adopted to electronic paper and the like without degrading the degree of brightness and with high efficiency, and also with ease and lower costs, and a method of producing the same.

Abstract: Provided is a material suitable for an optical element, which can be applied by inkjet, has an ultraviolet curable characteristic, and yields a cured product excellent in transparency and hardness and having a refractive index of more than 1.5. Specifically, an optical element excellent in transparency and hardness and having a refractive index of more than 1.5 is obtained by preparing a resin composition including at least: (A) 5 to 45 mass % of a vinyl group-containing copolymer obtained by copolymerization of a divinyl aromatic compound; (B) 55 to 94 mass % of a liquid photocurable polyfunctional (meth)acrylate having two or more (meth)acryloyl groups; (C) 0.97 to 20 mass % of a photopolymerization initiator; and (D) 0.03 to 1 mass % of a surfactant, and applying the resin composition onto a support substrate by inkjet, followed by photocuring.

Abstract: The image heating apparatus includes an endless belt, a roller which contacts an outer face of the belt, a nip portion forming unit which contacts an inner face of the belt, and forms a nip portion with the roller, for nipping and conveying a recording material, the nip portion forming unit including a component which is longer than the belt in a generatrix direction of the belt; and a regulation portion provided to oppose an end face of the belt, for regulating a shift movement of the belt to the generatrix direction of the belt, wherein the regulation portion is integrally-molded with the component. Thereby, a damage of the end of the endless belt can be reduced.

Abstract: An image forming system includes an image forming apparatus including a heating fixing portion and a host computer capable of instructing printing. In the image forming apparatus, throughput can be changed and discriminated in accordance with a printing number. For printing on small size sheets, the system is operable in a normal small size sheet mode and in a high speed small size sheet output mode, in which the printing is effected at a throughput which is higher than that in the normal small size sheet mode and, after completion of the printing, the image forming apparatus rests for a predetermined rest period. The host computer includes a mode selector for selecting a mode from the high speed small size sheet output mode and the normal small size sheet mode, and a controller for transmitting the mode selected by the mode selector to the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: Provided is a color display element which employs a conventional system of monochrome electronic paper without degrading the degree of brightness and with ease and lower costs. Also provided is a method of producing a color display element including a pair of opposing substrates having electrodes, charged display bodies of white color and black color which are enclosed between the opposing substrates, and a color filter which is disposed on one of the opposing substrates, the method including forming a color filter disposed on a viewing side by forming, first, colored regions of at least three colors of blue, green, and red by an inkjet method on a transparent support substrate, and forming remaining regions other than the colored regions so as to be colorless or transparent.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a lenticular lens sheet to be used in a stereoscopic display, a projection screen, and the like without using a mold at low cost.

Abstract: Provided are a lenticular lens sheet which can be used in a stereoscopic display, a rear projection display, a projection screen, and the like, and means for manufacturing the lenticular lens sheet at low cost without using any mold. The lenticular lens sheet includes at least a transparent support substrate; a plurality of lenticular lenses; and a partition between adjacent ones of the plurality of lenticular lenses, and the lenticular lens sheet is obtained by applying a transparent resin composition ink by an inkjet method to an area partitioned by the partition and subsequently curing the transparent resin composition ink with ultraviolet rays.

Abstract: Provided are a color display device capable of colorized display in a reflection type display device which is adopted to electronic paper and the like without degrading the degree of brightness and with high efficiency, and also with ease and lower costs, and a method of producing the same.