Abstract: A developing apparatus includes an electrostatic latent image bearer, a developing sleeve, a case, and an air filter. The case accommodates a two-component developer and the developing sleeve. The air filter is attached to the case. The air filter has a thickness of 2 to 20 mm and has a density gradient with a pressure loss of 2 to 40 Pa at a wind speed of 10 cm/s. The air filter forms an airflow sucked into the case from a gap between the developing sleeve and the case and forms an airflow discharged from the case through the air filter. The two-component developer accommodated in the case contains a magnetic particle a surface of which is coated with a resin layer. The resin layer contains at least one type of chargeable particle.

Abstract: A carrier for forming an electrophotographic image contains a core particle and a coating layer coating the core particle, wherein the coating layer contains a particle containing antimony and an anionic dispersant and the particle containing antimony includes a substrate particle containing a first inorganic fine particle.

Abstract: A carrier for electrophotographic image formation includes carrier particles. Each of the carrier particles includes a core particle and a coating layer covering the core particle. The coating layer includes diantimony pentoxide-containing particles.

Abstract: A carrier is provided that includes a core particle and a coating layer coating the core particle. The coating layer includes a resin and chargeable inorganic fine particles, and has voids. The resin has an average film thickness of 0.10 ?m or larger and smaller than 0.45 ?m. The coating layer has a porosity of 0.1% or higher and lower than 2.8%, when the porosity expressed by the following equation: Porosity [%]=S1/S2×100 where, on a cross section of the coating layer, S1 represents a cross sectional area of the voids and S2 represents a cross sectional area of the resin.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes an electrostatic latent image bearer, a developing sleeve, a case, and an air filter. The case accommodates a two-component developer and the developing sleeve. The air filter is attached to the case. The air filter has a thickness of 2 to 20 mm and has a density gradient with a pressure loss of 2 to 40 Pa at a wind speed of 10 cm/s. The air filter forms an airflow sucked into the case from a gap between the developing sleeve and the case and forms an airflow discharged from the case through the air filter. The two-component developer accommodated in the case contains a magnetic particle a surface of which is coated with a resin layer. The resin layer contains at least one type of chargeable particle.

Abstract: A carrier for developing an electrostatic latent image is provided. The carrier comprises a core particle having an internal void ratio of from 0.0% to 2.0% and a coating layer coating the core particle. The coating layer contains flat chargeable particles satisfying Formula 1 blow: 1.0?R1/R2?3.0??Formula 1 where R1 [nm] and R2 [nm] represent a major axis and a thickness, respectively, of each of the flat chargeable particles. The carrier has an apparent density of from 2.0 to 2.5 g/cm3.

Abstract: A carrier for forming an electrophotographic image is provided. The carrier comprises a core particle and a coating layer coating the core particle. The coating layer contains a conductive component comprising an element A, and a coating resin comprising an element B. The element A is undetected in the coating resin by an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, and the element B is undetected in the conductive component by the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. A standard deviation of a value A/B is 0.4 or less, where the value A/B is a ratio of the element A to the element B in intensity measured by the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer.

Abstract: A carrier for forming an electrophotographic image is provided. The carrier comprises a core particle and a coating layer coating the core particle. The coating layer contains chargeable particles and a dispersant. The carrier has an apparent density of from 2.0 g/cm3 or greater but less than 2.5 g/cm3.

Abstract: Provided is a carrier for a developer of an electrostatic latent image, the carrier including a core particle, and a resin layer covering the core particle, where the resin layer includes metal compound particles, wherein the metal compound particles include magnesium compound particles or barium compound particles, and an exposed amount B (atomic %) of the magnesium or the barium on a surface of the carrier particle satisfies a relationship below: 10.0?B ?1.2.

Abstract: A carrier is provided including a core particle and a resin layer coating the surface of the core particle. The resin layer includes fine metal particles, and a detected metal element amount A obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry of the surface of the carrier is in a range of 4.0 atomic %?A?20.0 atomic % and an average major-axis length B of the fine metal particle exposing from the resin layer is in a range of 100 nm?B?800 nm.

Abstract: A carrier including a resin layer including at least one kind of particles, wherein the at least one kind of the particles are particles of barium sulfate, wherein an amount of Ba detected is 0.3 atomic % or greater in a Ba analysis through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the carrier, and wherein circle-equivalent diameters of the particles of the barium sulfate are 400 nm or greater but 900 nm or smaller.

Abstract: Provided is a carrier for a developer of an electrostatic latent image, the carrier including a core particle, and a resin layer covering the core particle, where the resin layer includes metal compound particles, wherein the metal compound particles include magnesium compound particles or barium compound particles, and an exposed amount B (atomic %) of the magnesium or the barium on a surface of the carrier particle satisfies a relationship below: 10.0?B?1.2.

Abstract: A carrier is provided including a core particle and a resin layer coating the surface of the core particle. The resin layer includes fine metal particles, and a detected metal element amount A obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry of the surface of the carrier is in a range of 4.0 atomic %?A?20.0 atomic % and an average major-axis length B of the fine metal particle exposing from the resin layer is in a range of 100 nm?B?800 nm.

Abstract: Carrier for image forming includes a core material particle including a magnetic material and a coating layer disposed on the surface of the core material particle, the coating layer including a resin, carbon black, an inorganic particulate A, and an inorganic particulate B. The carbon black has a concentration gradient along a thickness direction of the coating layer with a concentration from high to low toward a surface of the coating layer while the inorganic particulate A has a concentration gradient along a thickness direction of the coating layer with a concentration from low to high toward the surface of the coating layer. The volume ratio of the carbon black is 0-30 percent at a depth range of 0.0-0.1 ?m from the surface of the coating layer. The inorganic particulate A is electroconductive with a powder specific resistance of 200 ?·cm or less.

Abstract: A carrier including a resin layer including at least one kind of particles, wherein the at least one kind of the particles are particles of barium sulfate, wherein an amount of Ba detected is 0.3 atomic % or greater in a Ba analysis through X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) of the carrier, and wherein circle-equivalent diameters of the particles of the barium sulfate are 400 nm or greater but 900 nm or smaller.

Abstract: Carrier for image forming includes a core material particle including a magnetic material and a coating layer disposed on the surface of the core material particle, the coating layer including a resin, carbon black, an inorganic particulate A, and an inorganic particulate B. The carbon black has a concentration gradient along a thickness direction of the coating layer with a concentration from high to low toward a surface of the coating layer while the inorganic particulate A has a concentration gradient along a thickness direction of the coating layer with a concentration from low to high toward the surface of the coating layer. The volume ratio of the carbon black is 0-30 percent at a depth range of 0.0-0.1 ?m from the surface of the coating layer. The inorganic particulate A is electroconductive with a powder specific resistance of 200 ?·cm or less.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing toner including; melting and kneading a mixture including a binder resin and a coloring agent; cooling down the melted and kneaded mixture to provide a cooled mixture; coarsely pulverizing the cooled mixture to provide a coarsely pulverized mixture; finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized mixture by supplying it via a pulverized material supply to a pulverizer that includes a rotation axis, a rotor attached to the rotation axis, and stators arranged around the rotor with a gap between the stators and the surface of the rotor and that performs pulverization in a circular space formed by the gap; and classifying the finely pulverized material by a classifier into at least fine powder, a toner product and coarse powder, wherein the coarse powder is returned to the pulverized material supply as part of the coarsely pulverized mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a milling and classifying apparatus, adapted to produce toner fine particles, comprising a collision mill, and an air classifier, wherein the collision mill comprises a jet nozzle room, a path, a collision plate, and a collision member mounted to a support of the collision plate at downstream of the collision plate, the air classifier comprises a dispersion room and a classification room, the classification room is disposed below the dispersion room, and a flow stabilizer is arranged at a central suction of the separator core to control swirl stream generated within the classification room so as to centrifuge the powder into coarse particles and fine particles by action of the swirl stream.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing toner including; melting and kneading a mixture including a binder resin and a coloring agent; cooling down the melted and kneaded mixture to provide a cooled mixture; coarsely pulverizing the cooled mixture to provide a coarsely pulverized mixture; finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized mixture by supplying it via a pulverized material supply to a pulverizer that includes a rotation axis, a rotor attached to the rotation axis, and stators arranged around the rotor with a gap between the stators and the surface of the rotor and that performs pulverization in a circular space formed by the gap; and classifying the finely pulverized material by a classifier into at least fine powder, a toner product and coarse powder, wherein the coarse powder is returned to the pulverized material supply as part of the coarsely pulverized mixture.

Abstract: A toner includes toner particles which have a binder resin and a colorant. The toner has a weight average particle diameter of from 4 to 7 ?m and includes toner particles having a circle equivalent diameter of from 0.6 to 2.0 ?m in an amount not greater than 5% by quantity, toner particles having a particle diameter of from 3.17 to 4.00 ?m in an amount of from 10 to 40% by quantity, toner particles having a diameter of from 4.00 to 5.04 ?m in an amount of from 20 to 40% by quantity, and toner particles having a diameter not less than 12.7 ?m in an amount of from 0 to 1.0% by weight. The toner satisfies the following relationship: 1.04?D4/D1?1.30, wherein D4 represents the weight average particle diameter and D1 represents a number average particle diameter of the toner.