Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide a rolling bearing having an inner race which can be used under a high fitting stress over 130 MPa, and can be processed more quickly than the conventional one. In a rolling bearing, according to the present invention, including an inner race which is used with a fitting stress applied between bore of said inner race and shaft, the inner race is formed by an alloy steel whose carbon content is ranged from 0.3 to 0.7% by weight, the inner race is subjected to a carburizing or carbonitriding treatment, and the carbon content (C.sub.1) of the surface layer of the raceway track of the inner race is at most 1.3% by weight, and the inner race has the difference (.DELTA.C=C.sub.1 -C.sub.2) between the carbon content (C.sub.1) of the surface layer and the carbon content (C.sub.2) of the core of the inner race being at least 0.4% by weight. When the amount of residual austenite of the inner race is 4.