Abstract: A voltage-controlled oscillator having an inductor circuit, n pieces (n is two or more) of variable capacitance circuit having variable capacitance elements, negative resistance circuits, and reference voltage generation means of generating a reference voltage from a power supply voltage, and wherein a predetermined reference voltage is inputted to some terminals of the variable capacitance elements of the n pieces of variable capacitance circuit, a control voltage is inputted to the other terminals thereof, and of the variable capacitance elements of the n pieces of variable capacitance circuits, the predetermined reference voltage inputted to some terminals of the variable capacitance elements of at least two pieces of the variable capacitance circuit is different.

Abstract: In a spread spectrum receiver apparatus, frequency converters (201-1) and 201-2) convert two radio signals spread-spectrum modulated according to a spreading code and having carrier frequencies different from each other, into intermediate frequency signals having a substantially identical intermediate frequency, and outputs the intermediate frequency signals. An adder (102) adds up the two intermediate frequency signals outputted from the respective frequency converters (201-1 and 201-2), and outputs an intermediate frequency signal combined as a result of addition to a receiving processor (104) via an analog signal processor (103) and an A/D converter (117). The receiving processor (104) despreads digital signals included in the two respective radio signals using the spreading code based on a digital signal from the A/D converter (117), to demodulate the digital signal to digital data and output the digital data.

Abstract: A voltage-controlled oscillator having an inductor circuit, n pieces (n is two or more) of variable capacitance circuit having variable capacitance elements, negative resistance circuits, and reference voltage generation means of generating a reference voltage from a power supply voltage, and wherein a predetermined reference voltage is inputted to some terminals of the variable capacitance elements of the n pieces of variable capacitance circuit, a control voltage is inputted to the other terminals thereof, and of the variable capacitance elements of the n pieces of variable capacitance circuits, the predetermined reference voltage inputted to some terminals of the variable capacitance elements of at least two pieces of the variable capacitance circuit is different.