Abstract: A successive vapor deposition system in which a vapor deposition material is heated, vaporized in a vacuum, and deposited onto a vapor deposition area of a substrate, includes a conveyer which conveys the substrate in a conveying direction parallel to a plane on which the substrate lies, wherein the vapor deposition area faces downward and is exposed through the underside of the conveyer; a plurality of vapor deposition chambers aligned in the conveying direction, each the vapor deposition chamber including a space through which the substrate is conveyed; at least one container positioned in each of the plurality of vapor deposition chambers below the plane on which the substrate lies, and containing the vapor deposition material, wherein a width of the container covers the vapor deposition area in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction; and a heating medium provided for the container.

Abstract: A successive vapor deposition system in which a vapor deposition material is heated, vaporized in a vacuum, and deposited onto a vapor deposition area of a substrate, includes a conveyer which conveys the substrate in a conveying direction parallel to a plane on which the substrate lies, wherein the vapor deposition area faces downward and is exposed through the underside of the conveyer; a plurality of vapor deposition chambers aligned in the conveying direction, each the vapor deposition chamber including a space through which the substrate is conveyed; at least one container positioned in each of the plurality of vapor deposition chambers below the plane on which the substrate lies, and containing the vapor deposition material, wherein a width of the container covers the vapor deposition area in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction; and a heating medium provided for the container.

Abstract: A successive vapor deposition system in which a vapor deposition material is heated, vaporized in a vacuum, and deposited onto a vapor deposition area of a substrate, includes a conveyer which conveys the substrate in a conveying direction parallel to a plane on which the substrate lies, wherein the vapor deposition area faces downward and is exposed through the underside of the conveyer; a plurality of vapor deposition chambers aligned in the conveying direction, each the vapor deposition chamber including a space through which the substrate is conveyed; at least one container positioned in each of the plurality of vapor deposition chambers below the plane on which the substrate lies, and containing the vapor deposition material, wherein a width of the container covers the vapor deposition area in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction; and a heating medium provided for the container.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) device comprising at least one luminescent layer of an organic compound, the luminescent layer being positioned between a cathode electrode and an anode electrode opposed to the cathode electrode, and an organic layer positioned adjacent to the cathode electrode, in which the organic layer is constituted from an organic metal complex compound containing at least one of alkali metal ions, alkali earth metal ions and rare earth metal ions, and the cathode electrode is constituted from a metal capable of reducing the metal ion in the complex compound, in vacuum, to the corresponding metal. The cathode electrode can be formed from a low cost and stable metal which is well-known as the wiring material. The EL device ensures a diminished energy barrier in an electron injection from the cathode electrode into the luminescent layer, a lowered driving voltage, and a high efficiency and luminescence.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) device comprising at least one luminescent layer of an organic compound, the luminescent layer being positioned between a cathode electrode and an anode electrode opposed to the cathode electrode, and an organic layer positioned adjacent to the cathode electrode, in which the organic layer is constituted from an organic metal complex compound containing at least one of alkali metal ions, alkali earth metal ions and rare earth metal ions, and the cathode electrode is constituted from a metal capable of reducing the metal ion in the complex compound, in vacuum, to the corresponding metal. The cathode electrode can be formed from a low cost and stable metal which is well-known as the wiring material. The EL device ensures a diminished energy barrier in an electron injection from the cathode electrode into the luminescent layer, a lowered driving voltage, and a high efficiency and luminescence.

Abstract: A molecular beam epitaxy effusion cell, in which effusion material 5 is heated to melt down to be evaporated, so as to generate vapor molecule for growth of a thin film thereof upon a solid body surface, comprises: a crucible 1 for containing the effusion material 5 therein; and a heating means for heating the effusion material 5 contained within the crucible 1, wherein in the crucible 1 is contained heat conduction medium 4, being stable thermally and chemically and having heat conductivity higher than that of the effusion material 5, such as of pyrolytic boron nitride (PBN), together with the effusion material 5.

Abstract: A successive vapor deposition system in which a vapor deposition material is heated, vaporized in a vacuum, and deposited onto a vapor deposition area of a substrate, includes a conveyer which conveys the substrate in a conveying direction parallel to a plane on which the substrate lies, wherein the vapor deposition area faces downward and is exposed through the underside of the conveyer; a plurality of vapor deposition chambers aligned in the conveying direction, each the vapor deposition chamber including a space through which the substrate is conveyed; at least one container positioned in each of the plurality of vapor deposition chambers below the plane on which the substrate lies, and containing the vapor deposition material, wherein a width of the container covers the vapor deposition area in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction; and a heating medium provided for the container.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes at least one light emission layer from an organic compound, the light emission layer being positioned between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode opposed to the anode electrode, in which an organic layer positioned adjacent to the anode electrode is from an organic compound which includes, as an electron-accepting dopant, an electron-accepting compound having a property of oxidizing the organic compound of said organic layer, said electron-accepting compound being doped to said organic layer in vacuum with a simultaneous evaporation method.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) device including at least one luminescent layer, constituted from an organic compound, between a cathode electrode and an anode electrode, the EL device further comprising an organic layer adjacent to the cathode electrode, in which the organic layer is constituted from a mixed layer of an electron-transporting organic compound and an organic metal complex compound containing at least one of alkali metal ions, alkali earth metal ions and rare earth metal ions, and the cathode electrode is constituted from a metal capable of reducing the metal ion(s) in the complex compound, in a vacuum, to the corresponding metal.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) device comprising at least one luminescent layer of an organic compound, the luminescent layer being positioned between a cathode electrode and an anode electrode opposed to the cathode electrode, and an organic layer positioned adjacent to the cathode electrode, in which the organic layer is constituted from an organic metal complex compound containing at least one of alkali metal ions, alkali earth metal ions and rare earth metal ions, and the cathode electrode is constituted from a metal capable of reducing the metal ion in the complex compound, in vacuum, to the corresponding metal. The cathode electrode can be formed from a low cost and stable metal which is well-known as the wiring material. The EL device ensures a diminished energy barrier in an electron injection from the cathode electrode into the luminescent layer, a lowered driving voltage, and a high efficiency and luminescence.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes at least one light emission layer from an organic compound, the light emission layer being positioned between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode opposed to the anode electrode, in which an organic layer positioned adjacent to the anode electrode is from an organic compound which includes, as an electron-accepting dopant, an electron-accepting compound having a property of oxidizing the organic compound of said organic layer, said electron-accepting compound being doped to said organic layer in vacuum with a simultaneous evaporation method.

Abstract: A printer prints upon a book having a plurality of pages bound at a binding edge (1). The book is opened, placed on a supporting surface (16) and fed in a feed direction parallel to the binding edge. A supporting shaft (13) extends parallel to the supporting surface. A channel (17) receives the binding edge in the middle of supporting surface and extends perpendicular to the supporting shaft thereby dividing the supporting surface into a first area and a second area. A first supporting frame (14) is pivotally supported on the supporting shaft over the first area. A first rotating shaft (25) is rotatably supported by the first supporting frame parallel with the supporting shaft. A first upper feeding roller (26, 27) is fixed on the first rotating shaft and forced to engage any page placed upon the first area. A second supporting frame (15) is pivotally supported on the supporting shaft over the second area.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) device includes at least one luminescent layer having an organic compound doped with a metal capable of acting as a donor dopant, in adjacent to a cathode electrode. The EL device ensures a diminished energy barrier in an electron injection from the cathode electrode into the luminescent layer, i.e., metal-doped organic compound layer, and thus a lowered driving voltage. The lowered driving voltage can be obtained regardless of the work function of the cathode material.

Abstract: A planar luminescent device useful as a backlight for liquid crystal disp. The planar luminescent device comprises a synthetic resin sheet having at least one fold and a plurality of sheet sections foldable along this fold. A sheet holder is adapted to hold the sheet sections of the sheet, folded along the fold, in a predetermined accordion-like folded position. A reflective layer and a light emitting layer are respectively provided on the sheet sections defining opposite ends of the sheet. A light source emits light rays towards the reflective layer.

Abstract: A plurality of lines are printed by the print head of a printer which is moved in a predetermined print direction on a sheet placed on a planar supporting surface wherein the sheet is fed perpendicular to the print direction. The print head is slidably mounted on a guide bar which is supported by a frame parallel to the sheet supporting surface so as to permit moving the lower end of the print head upwardly and downwardly relative to the support surface. The frame is biased in the downward direction normally. During non-print operation, a driving lever moves the frame upwardly to raise the print head to an initial position spaced above the support surface by a predetermined distance where it is maintained. During a print operation, the driving lever engages the frame to drive it upwardly or downwardly with the upward movement against the bias force.