Abstract: There is disclosed a method of easily producing a long-lived ion sensitive film having excellent durability and used in an ion sensor. The method starts with preparing a monomer mixture consisting chiefly of monomer units including a functional group and a second group of bonded atoms. The functional group has a function of identifying a certain chemical substance. The second group can become an active species that induces a polymerization or bridging reaction by being irradiated with an electron beam or radiation. Then, the monomer mixture is irradiated with the electron beam or radiation in a low energy range. Thus, the monomer mixture is polymerized.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of easily producing a long-lived ion sensitive film having excellent durability and used in an ion sensor. The method starts with preparing a monomer mixture consisting chiefly of monomer units including a functional group and a second group of bonded atoms. The functional group has a function of identifying a certain chemical substance. The second group can become an active species that induces a polymerization or bridging reaction by being irradiated with an electron beam or radiation. Then, the monomer mixture is irradiated with the electron beam or radiation in a low energy range. Thus, the monomer mixture is polymerized.

Abstract: There is disclosed a long-lived thermal field emission electron gun for use in a scanning electron microscope. The gun has a tungsten tip. The surface of this tip is coated with zirconium, zirconium oxide, titanium or titanium oxide. A wire member is mounted above the front end of the tungsten tip to prevent the coating of zirconium or other material from slipping off.

Abstract: An instrument combining a mass spectrometer with a liquid chromatograph has a low-pressure chamber that is evacuated by an evacuating equipment, an exit nozzle for allowing the effluent from the chromatograph to be ejected as a jet into the low-pressure chamber, and a connecting passage for conveying the jet of the effluent from the nozzle into the ionization chamber of the mass spectrometer, to stably supply the effluent from the chromatograph as the sample for the ion source into the ionization chamber. The instrument is further provided with a means for producing a flow of gas which moves along the inner walls of the low-pressure chamber and the connecting passage in such a way that the jet of the effluent is enveloped in the gas flow.