Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for analyzing a test sample is provided. A system includes an outer container having first and second ends and a base affixed to the first end. The system includes a motorized mixer affixed to the base. The system includes an inner container having first and second ends. The inner container is sized to be received within the outer container. The first end of the inner container has a membrane layer that is pierceable by the mixer when the inner container is received by the outer container to bring the mixer into contact with a test sample in the inner container. The system further includes a test sensor configured for contact with the test sample, and one or more processors for receiving signals from the test sensor following actuation of the mixer to cause mixing of the sample and analyzing the sample based on the signals.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for analyzing a test sample is provided. A test sampling apparatus includes a housing extending from a first end to a second end opposite the first end. The housing includes a chamber disposed at the first end. The chamber is configured to receive a test sample from a user. The test sampling apparatus includes a test sensor fluidically coupled to the chamber and disposed within an interior portion of the housing. The test sensor is configured to receive the test sample and generate information based thereon. The information includes data identifying a substance in the test sample. The test sampling apparatus also includes one or more processors disposed within an interior portion of the second end and in communication with the test sensor. The one or more processors receive the information from the test sensor and analyze the test sample based on the information.

Abstract: Systems and methods of functionalizing a graphene sensor surface are provided. A representative method of functionalizing the graphene sensor surface includes providing a graphene layer including a sensor surface. The method may include binding a plurality of molecular complexes to the sensor surface of the graphene layer using a buffer solution. Each molecular complex may include a linker molecule configured to couple to the sensor surface at a first linker position, and a binding molecule coupled to the linker molecule at a second linker position different from the first linker position. The representative method further includes coupling one or more detector molecules to a first subset of the molecular complexes and coupling one or more passivation agents to a second subset of the molecular complexes. At least some of the molecular complexes of the first subset are different from those of the second subset.

Abstract: In one aspect, a sample collection device for collecting a biological sample is disclosed, which comprises a sample-receiving cup having a body that extends from a proximal opening to a distal opening, where the proximal opening is configured for receiving a biological sample. The sample collection device further includes a sensor comprising at least one sensing unit, where the sensor is sealingly connected to the distal opening of the sample-receiving cup such that the sensing unit is exposed to the distal opening. A reservoir for storing one or more sample-processing reagents is provided in the fluid-receiving cup such that the sensing unit is in fluid contact with the reagent(s) stored in the reservoir. A frangible membrane separates the reservoir from the proximal opening.