Abstract: A potentiometric cell capable of selectively measuring potassium comprising an ion-selective working electrode composition prepared from a carrier solvent composition comprising between 1.5 and 2.4 mg of Valinomycin, between 0.4 and 0.6 mg of potassium Tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) borate (KTFPB), between 52.48 and 78.72 mg of Poly(vinylchloride) (PVC), and between 103.52 and 155.28 mg of Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (DOS) per ml of the carrier solvent in combination with a specially adapted reference electrode. The cell exhibits improved precision in potassium ion determinations and high selectivity for potassium ions over other cations in a sample specimen such as whole blood or saliva. The electrode compositions exhibits improved properties over a long period of time and therefore has greater shelf life.

Abstract: A potentiometric cell capable of selectively measuring potassium comprising an ion-selective electrode composed between 1.5 and 2.4 mg of Valinomycin, between 0.4 and 0.6 mg of potassium Tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) borate (KTFPB), between 52.48 and 78.72 mg of Poly(vinylchloride) (PVC), and between 103.52 and 155.28 mg of Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (DOS) dissolved in a carrier solvent such as 1 mL of THF (Tetrahydrofuran) in combination a especially adapted reference electrode. Such a cells exhibit improved precision in potassium ion determinations. Additionally, they exhibit high selectivity for potassium ions over other cations in a sample specimen such as whole blood or saliva. Further, these compositions exhibit these improved properties over a long period of time and therefore have greater shelf life.

Abstract: Compounds are of the formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), or are stereoisomers thereof, wherein: R1 is hydrogen, (C1-C20)alkyl; (C3-C20)alkenyl; (C3 C20)alkynyl; (C1-C6)alkyl-O—; (C3-C20)cycloalkyl; (C1 C20)haloalkyl; (C6-C20)aryl optionally substituted; (C6-C20)heteroaryl optionally substituted; R2 and R2? are hydrogen; (C1-C20)alkyl; (C1-C6)alkyl-O—; (C1-C6)haloalkyl; halogen; cyano; and nitro; Z1 to Z4 are diradicals of formula (III) wherein A1 and A2 are O— or NR3-, wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (C1-C20)alkyl; and G is (C1-C6)alkyl; —P(?S)R5-; —P(?O)R4; —P(?O)(OR4)-; —P(?O)(NR6R7)-; —S(?O)2-; S(?O)—; or —C(?O)—; and Y1 to Y4 are (C1-C8)alkyl; (C3-C7)cycloalkyl; (C6-C20)aryl optionally substituted; or (C6-C20)heteroaryl optionally substituted; and FG1 and FG2 are H, OH, or NHR8.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-therapeutic use of a sensor for detecting biological fluids in vitro, the sensor comprising a substrate coated with conductive ink, the substrate being inert relative to the conductive ink, the sensor comprising means for measuring conductivity or resistivity of the conductive ink, wherein the conductive ink comprises a carbon substrate and a surfactant. The sensor may also comprise a polymer such as a gum. Also disclosed are methods of detecting biological fluids and uses of the sensor.

Abstract: Compounds are of the formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), or are stereoisomers thereof, wherein: R1 is hydrogen, (C1-C20)alkyl; (C3-C20)alkenyl; (C3 C20)alkynyl; (C1-C6)alkyl-O—; (C3-C20)cycloalkyl; (C1 C20)haloalkyl; (C6-C20)aryl optionally substituted; (C6-C20)heteroaryl optionally substituted; R2 and R2? are hydrogen; (C1-C20)alkyl; (C1-C6)alkyl-O—; (C1-C6)haloalkyl; halogen;cyano; and nitro; Z1 to Z4 are diradicals of formula (III) wherein Al and A2 are O—or —NR3-, wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (C1-C20)alkyl; and G is (C1-C6)alkyl; —P(?S)R5-; —P(?O)R4; P(?O)(OR4)-; —P(?O)(NR6R7)-; —S(=0)2-; S(?O)—; or —C(?O)—; and Y1 to Y4 are (C1-C8)alkyl; (C3-C7)cycloalkyl; (C6-C20)aryl optionally substituted; or (C6-C20)heteroaryl optionally substituted; and FG1 and FG2 are H, OH, or NHR8.