Abstract: System includes a particle accelerator configured to direct a particle beam of charged particles along a designated path. The system also includes an extraction device positioned downstream from the particle accelerator. The extraction device includes a stripper foil and a foil holder that holds the stripper foil. The foil holder is configured to position the stripper foil across the designated path of the particle beam such that the particle beam is incident thereon. The stripper foil is configured to remove electrons from the charged particles, wherein the stripper foil includes a backing layer and a conductive layer stacked with respect to one another. The backing layer includes synthetic diamond.

Abstract: Target assembly includes a target body having a production chamber and a beam passage. The target body includes first and second grid sections that are disposed in the beam passage. Each of the first and second grid sections has front and back sides. The back side of the first grid section and the front side of the second grid section abut each other with an interface therebetween. The back side of the second grid section faces the production chamber. The target assembly also includes a foil positioned between the first and second grid sections. Each of the first and second grid sections has interior walls that define grid channels through the first and second grid sections. The particle beam is configured to pass through the grid channels toward the production chamber. The interior walls of the first and second grid sections engage opposite sides of the foil.

Abstract: Target assembly for an isotope production system. The target assembly includes a target body having a production chamber and a beam cavity that is adjacent to the production chamber. The production chamber is configured to hold a target material. The beam cavity opens to an exterior of the target body and is configured to receive a particle beam that is incident on the production chamber. The target assembly also includes a target sheet positioned to separate the beam cavity and the production chamber. The target sheet has a side that is exposed to the production chamber such that the target sheet is in contact with the target material during isotope production. The target sheet includes graphene.

Abstract: System includes a particle accelerator configured to direct a particle beam of charged particles along a designated path. The system also includes an extraction device positioned downstream from the particle accelerator. The extraction device includes a stripper foil and a foil holder that holds the stripper foil. The foil holder is configured to position the stripper foil across the designated path of the particle beam such that the particle beam is incident thereon. The stripper foil is configured to remove electrons from the charged particles, wherein the stripper foil includes a backing layer and a conductive layer stacked with respect to one another. The backing layer includes synthetic diamond.

Abstract: Target assembly for an isotope production system. The target assembly includes a target body having a production chamber and a beam cavity that is adjacent to the production chamber. The production chamber is configured to hold a target liquid. The beam cavity opens to an exterior of the target body and is configured to receive a particle beam that is incident on the production chamber. The target assembly also includes a vibrating device that is secured to the target body. The vibrating device is configured to cause vibrations that are experienced within the production chamber.

Abstract: System includes a target assembly having a production chamber. The target assembly includes an electrode and a conductive base exposed to the production chamber. The target assembly has fluidic ports that provide access to the production chamber. The system also includes a fluidic-control system having a storage vessel and fluidic lines that connect to the fluidic ports. The storage vessel and the production chamber are in flow communication through at least one of the fluidic lines. The system also includes a power source that is configured to be electrically connected to the electrode and the conductive base. The production chamber, the electrode, and the conductive base form an electrolytic cell when an electrolytic solution is disposed in the production chamber. The power source is configured to apply voltage to the electrode and the conductive base to deposit a solid target along conductive base.

Abstract: Production assembly for an isotope production system. The production assembly includes a mounting platform including a receiving stage that faces an exterior of the mounting platform. The mounting platform includes a beam passage that opens to the receiving stage and a stage port that is positioned along the receiving stage. A particle beam is configured to project through the beam passage and through the receiving stage during operation of the isotope production system. The stage port is configured to provide or receive a fluid through the receiving stage during operation of the isotope production system. The production assembly also includes a target assembly having a production chamber configured to hold a target material for isotope production. The target assembly includes a mating side that is configured to removably engage the receiving stage during a mounting operation.

Abstract: Target assembly for an isotope production system. The target assembly includes a target body having a production chamber and a beam cavity that is adjacent to the production chamber. The production chamber is configured to hold a target material. The beam cavity opens to an exterior of the target body and is configured to receive a particle beam that is incident on the production chamber. The target assembly also includes a target sheet positioned to separate the beam cavity and the production chamber. The target sheet has a side that is exposed to the production chamber such that the target sheet is in contact with the target material during isotope production. The target sheet includes graphene.

Abstract: A standalone radiopharmaceutical preparation hotcell for preparing a radiopharmaceutical includes a housing and a plurality of compartments defined within the housing. The plurality of compartments including at least a pharmaceutical synthesizing and dispensing compartment and a different second compartment, the synthesizing and dispensing compartment being maintained at a first pressure and the second compartment being maintained at a different second pressure using a compartment pressurization system.

Abstract: Target assembly includes a target body having a production chamber and a beam passage. The target body includes first and second grid sections that are disposed in the beam passage. Each of the first and second grid sections has front and back sides. The back side of the first grid section and the front side of the second grid section abut each other with an interface therebetween. The back side of the second grid section faces the production chamber. The target assembly also includes a foil positioned between the first and second grid sections. Each of the first and second grid sections has interior walls that define grid channels through the first and second grid sections. The particle beam is configured to pass through the grid channels toward the production chamber. The interior walls of the first and second grid sections engage opposite sides of the foil.

Abstract: A particle accelerator including an electrical field system and a magnetic field system that are configured to direct a particle beam of charged particles along a designated path within an acceleration chamber. The particle accelerator also includes a foil holder having a beam window and a positioning slot that at least partially surrounds the beam window. The positioning slot is dimensioned to hold an extraction foil such that the extraction foil extends across the beam window and into the path of the charged particles. The positioning slot is defined by interior reference surfaces that face the extraction foil and retain the extraction foil within the positioning slot. The reference surfaces permit the extraction foil to move relative to the reference surfaces when the particle beam is incident on the extraction foil.

Abstract: A self-shielding target for isotope production systems is provided. The target includes a body configured to encase a target material and having a passageway for a charged particle beam, and a component within the body, wherein the charged particle beam induces radioactivity in the component. Additionally, at least one portion of the body is formed from a material having a density value greater than a density value of aluminum to shield the component.

Abstract: Production assembly for an isotope production system. The production assembly includes a mounting platform including a receiving stage that faces an exterior of the mounting platform. The mounting platform includes a beam passage that opens to the receiving stage and a stage port that is positioned along the receiving stage. A particle beam is configured to project through the beam passage and through the receiving stage during operation of the isotope production system. The stage port is configured to provide or receive a fluid through the receiving stage during operation of the isotope production system. The production assembly also includes a target assembly having a production chamber configured to hold a target material for isotope production. The target assembly includes a mating side that is configured to removably engage the receiving stage during a mounting operation.

Abstract: Target assembly for an isotope production system. The target assembly includes a target body having a production chamber and a beam cavity that is adjacent to the production chamber. The production chamber is configured to hold a target liquid. The beam cavity opens to an exterior of the target body and is configured to receive a particle beam that is incident on the production chamber. The target assembly also includes a vibrating device that is secured to the target body. The vibrating device is configured to cause vibrations that are experienced within the production chamber.

Abstract: A target apparatus for a radioisotope production system. The target apparatus includes a production chamber that is configured to contain a starting liquid. The production chamber is configured to receive a particle beam that is incident upon the starting liquid thereby generating radioisotopes and transforming a portion of the starting liquid into vapor. The target apparatus also includes a condensing chamber and a fluid channel that fluidly couples the production and condensing chambers and is configured to allow the vapor to flow from the production chamber to the condensing chamber. The condensing chamber is configured to transform the vapor into a condensed liquid.

Abstract: Isotope production system including a particle accelerator configured to produce a particle beam. The isotope production system also includes a target apparatus having a window configured to receive a particle beam and also separate production and condensing chambers. The production chamber is configured to contain a starting liquid and located so that the particle beam is incident upon the starting liquid thereby generating radioisotopes and transforming a portion of the starting liquid into vapor. The target apparatus also includes a fluid channel that extends between and fluidly couples the production and condensing chambers. The fluid channel is configured to allow the vapor to flow from the production chamber into the condensing chamber. The condensing chamber is configured to transform the vapor in the condensing chamber into a condensed liquid.

Abstract: A particle accelerator including an electrical field system and a magnetic field system that are configured to direct a particle beam of charged particles along a designated path within an acceleration chamber. The particle accelerator also includes a foil holder having a beam window and a positioning slot that at least partially surrounds the beam window. The positioning slot is dimensioned to hold an extraction foil such that the extraction foil extends across the beam window and into the path of the charged particles. The positioning slot is defined by interior reference surfaces that face the extraction foil and retain the extraction foil within the positioning slot. The reference surfaces permit the extraction foil to move relative to the reference surfaces when the particle beam is incident on the extraction foil.

Abstract: A particle accelerator including an electrical field system and a magnetic field system that are configured to direct a particle beam of charged particles along a designated path within an acceleration chamber. The particle accelerator also includes a foil holder having a beam window and a positioning slot that at least partially surrounds the beam window. The positioning slot is dimensioned to hold an extraction foil such that the extraction foil extends across the beam window and into the path of the charged particles. The positioning slot is defined by interior reference surfaces that face the extraction foil and retain the extraction foil within the positioning slot. The reference surfaces permit the extraction foil to move relative to the reference surfaces when the particle beam is incident on the extraction foil.

Abstract: A standalone radiopharmaceutical preparation hotcell for preparing a radiopharmaceutical includes a housing and a plurality of compartments defined within the housing. The plurality of compartments including at least a pharmaceutical synthesizing and dispensing compartment and a different second compartment, the synthesizing and dispensing compartment being maintained at a first pressure and the second compartment being maintained at a different second pressure using a compartment pressurization system.

Abstract: A particle accelerator including an electrical field system and a magnetic field system that are configured to direct a particle beam of charged particles along a designated path within an acceleration chamber. The particle accelerator also includes a foil holder having a beam window and a positioning slot that at least partially surrounds the beam window. The positioning slot is dimensioned to hold an extraction foil such that the extraction foil extends across the beam window and into the path of the charged particles. The positioning slot is defined by interior reference surfaces that face the extraction foil and retain the extraction foil within the positioning slot. The reference surfaces permit the extraction foil to move relative to the reference surfaces when the particle beam is incident on the extraction foil.