Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed comprising a panel having a touch surface, emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter, a light directing portion arranged adjacent the perimeter and comprising a light directing surface, the emitters and/or the detectors are arranged opposite a rear surface of the panel to emit and/or receive light through a channel in a frame element, the channel is arranged opposite the rear surface and extends in a direction of a normal axis of the touch surface, the light directing surface and the channel are arranged on opposite sides of the panel and overlap in the direction of the plane, the light directing surface receive light from the emitters, or direct light to the detectors, through the panel and through the channel, in the direction of the normal axis. A method of manufacturing a frame element for a touch sensing apparatus is disclosed.

Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed comprising a panel that defines a touch surface extending in a plane having a normal axis, a plurality of emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter of the panel, a light directing portion arranged adjacent a panel side of the panel, the panel side extending in a longitudinal direction along the perimeter, perpendicular to the normal axis, the light directing portion comprising a light directing surface, wherein the emitters are arranged to emit light and the light directing surface is arranged to receive the emitted light and direct the light across the touch surface, and wherein an optical axis (A) of the emitted light is at an angle from the normal axis so that a vector component (Ay) of the optical axis is greater than zero in the longitudinal direction of the panel side.

Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed comprising a panel that defines a touch surface, a plurality of emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter of the light transmissive panel, and a light directing arrangement arranged adjacent the perimeter. The emitters are arranged to emit a respective beam of emitted light and the light directing arrangement is arranged to direct the light along a light path from the emitters to the touch surface. A diffusive light scattering element is arranged in the light path.

Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed comprising a panel having a touch surface, emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter, a light directing portion arranged adjacent the perimeter and comprising a light directing surface, the emitters and/or the detectors are arranged opposite a rear surface of the panel to emit and/or receive light through a channel in a frame element, the channel is arranged opposite the rear surface and extends in a direction of a normal axis of the touch surface, the light directing surface and the channel are arranged on opposite sides of the panel and overlap in the direction of the plane, the light directing surface receive light from the emitters, or direct light to the detectors, through the panel and through the channel, in the direction of the normal axis. A method of manufacturing a frame element for a touch sensing apparatus is disclosed.

Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed comprising a panel that defines a touch surface, a plurality of emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter of the light transmissive panel, and a light directing arrangement arranged adjacent the perimeter. The emitters are arranged to emit a respective beam of emitted light and the light directing arrangement is arranged to direct the light along a light path from the emitters to the touch surface. A diffusive light scattering element is arranged in the light path.

Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed comprising a panel that defines a touch surface extending in a plane having a normal axis and a back surface opposite the touch surface, a display arranged proximal to the back surface and configured to display an image through a display portion of the touch surface, a plurality of emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter of the panel and beneath the panel, wherein the emitters are arranged to emit non-visible light and the first and second light directing surfaces are arranged to receive the light and direct the light across the touch surface substantially parallel to the touch surface, wherein the apparatus comprising at least one optical filter arranged outside of the display portion of the touch surface and configured to filter visible light.

Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed comprising a panel that defines a touch surface extending in a plane having a normal axis, emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter of the panel, a light directing element arranged adjacent the perimeter, the emitters are arranged to emit a respective beam of light and the light directing element is arranged to receive the beam of light through a first surface and couple out the beam of light through a second surface to direct the beam of light across the touch surface substantially parallel to the touch surface, the beam of light is received through the first surface at a first distance from the touch surface and is deflected by the light directing element to the second surface to couple out the beam of light at a second distance from the touch surface, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance.

Abstract: A method of operating an optical touch apparatus is described wherein, the optical touch apparatus comprising a panel, a plurality of emitters and a plurality of detectors arranged with respect to the panel, the plurality of detectors configured to receive light from the plurality of emitters thereby defining detection samples of light transmitted between pairs of emitters and detectors. The optical touch apparatus being further configured to operate in an ambient light evaluation mode comprising the steps of: generating a first set of samples over a first integration time and a second set of samples over a second integration time using at least one detector, and applying a filter to at least the first and second set of samples to generate a residual ambient light value indicative of ambient light noise, wherein the touch apparatus is configured to perform the following steps: operating according to the ambient light evaluation mode for a plurality of repetitions.

Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed, comprising a panel that defines a touch surface extending in a plane having a normal axis, a plurality of emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter of the panel, a light directing element arranged adjacent the perimeter and comprising a light directing surface, wherein the emitters are arranged to emit light and the light directing surface is arranged to receive the light and direct the light across the touch surface, and wherein an optical axis of the emitted light is at an angle greater than zero from the normal axis of the touch surface.

Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed comprising a panel that defines a touch surface, a plurality of emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter of the light transmissive panel, and a light directing arrangement arranged adjacent the perimeter. The emitters are arranged to emit a respective beam of emitted light and the light directing arrangement is arranged to direct the light along a light path from the emitters to the touch surface. A diffusive light scattering element is arranged in the light path.

Abstract: A method of operating an optical touch apparatus is described wherein, the optical touch apparatus comprising a panel, a plurality of emitters and a plurality of detectors arranged with respect to the panel, the plurality of detectors configured to receive light from the plurality of emitters thereby defining detection samples of light transmitted between pairs of emitters and detectors. The optical touch apparatus being further configured to operate in an ambient light evaluation mode comprising the steps of: generating a first set of samples over a first integration time and a second set of samples over a second integration time using at least one detector, and applying a filter to at least the first and second set of samples to generate a residual ambient light value indicative of ambient light noise, wherein the touch apparatus is configured to perform the following steps: operating according to the ambient light evaluation mode for a plurality of repetitions.

Abstract: A method of operating an optical touch apparatus is described wherein, the optical touch apparatus comprising a panel, a plurality of emitters and a plurality of detectors arranged with respect to the panel, the plurality of detectors configured to receive light from the plurality of emitters thereby defining detection samples of light transmitted between pairs of emitters and detectors. The optical touch apparatus being further configured to operate in an ambient light evaluation mode comprising the steps of: generating a first set of samples over a first integration time and a second set of samples over a second integration time using at least one detector, and applying a filter to at least the first and second set of samples to generate a residual ambient light value indicative of ambient light noise, wherein the touch apparatus is configured to perform the following steps: operating according to the ambient light evaluation mode for a plurality of repetitions.

Abstract: A patient-specific hemodyanmic status model is determined from impedance data collected during periods of normal and abnormal hemodynamic status by deriving parameter values of a set of multiple impedance-derivable parameters from impedance signals collected during periods of normal hemodynamic status and in connection with periods of abnormal hemodynamic status. The parameter values are employed to estimate coefficients of a linear parametric status model. These coefficients can then be used together with parameter values determined from impedance signals determined during status assessment periods in order to determine a current hemdoynamic status of the patient.

Abstract: Pacing related timing is determined for an implantable medical device (IMD) by pacing at an RV pacing site, a first LV pacing site and a second LV pacing site in accordance with a first site, a second site and a third site pacing order, and further in accordance with a first inter-electrode pacing delay between pacing at the first site and pacing at the second site and a second inter-electrode pacing delay between pacing at the second site and pacing at the third site. At least one of a sensed event or a paced event is detected for at each of the second site and the third site. The first inter-electrode pacing delay and the second inter-electrode pacing delay are adjusted to avoid sensed events in favor of paced events at each of the second site and the third site. An atrio-ventricular delay may also be adjusted to avoid sensed events or lack of capture due to possible fusion at the first site, in favor of paced events at the first site.

Abstract: An implantable medical device, is designed to collect a signal representative of the electric activity of the heart and determine a cardiogenic impedance signal for at least a portion of the heart. An R-wave detector of the IMD detects the timing of an R-wave during a cardiac cycle based on the signal representative of the electric activity. A minimum detector detects the timing of a cardiogenic impedance minimum in the cardiogenic impedance signal and within a systolic time window of the cardiac cycle. A detected arrhythmia is then classified by the IMD based on the timing of the R-wave detected by the R-wave detector and the timing of the cardiogenic impedance minimum detected by the minimum detector.

Abstract: CRT settings for an implantable medical device are determined by applying pacing pulses to heart chambers of a scheme of different combinations of interchamber delays. A respective width parameter value representing an R or P wave width is determined for each such delay combination based on an ECG representing signal and the width parameter values are employed to estimate a parametric model defining the width parameter as a function of interchamber delays. Candidate interchamber delays that minimize the width parameter are determined from the parametric model and employed to determine optimal CRT settings. The technique provides an efficient way of finding optimal CRT settings when multiple pacing sites are available in a heart chamber.

Abstract: An implantable medical device is connectable to an epicardial left ventricular lead having at least one epicardial electrode and a myocardium penetrating catheter with at least one endocardial electrode and present in a lumen of the lead. The device comprises a pulse generator controller that controls a ventricular pulse generator to generate pulses to be applied to the epicardial and endocardial electrodes. The controller uses an endocardial-to-epicardial time interval or epicardial-to-endocardial time interval to coordinate endocardial and epicardial activation of the left ventricle to thereby achieve cardiac pacing that closely mimics the natural electrical activation pattern of a healthy heart.

Abstract: An implantable medical device (100) is configured for generating a cardiogenic impedance signal representative of the cardiogenic impedance of at least a portion of a heart (10) of a subject (20) during at least a portion of cardiac cycle. A moment processor (132) calculates a moment parameter value based on the cardiogenic impedance signal. The moment parameter is representative of a weighted sum of impedance amplitudes within a time window centered at defined time instance within the cardiac cycle. The weights of the impedance amplitudes are further dependent on the length in time between the defined time instance and the point of time of the associated impedance amplitude. The moment parameter is of high diagnostic value and is employed by an arrhythmia classifier (132) in order to classify a detected arrhythmia of the heart (10), such as discriminate between hemodynamically stable or unstable arrhythmias and/or supraventricular or ventricular tachycardia.

Abstract: A patient-specific hemodyanmic status model is determined from impedance data collected during periods of normal and abnormal hemodynamic status by deriving parameter values of a set of multiple impedance-derivable parameters from impedance signals collected during periods of normal hemodynamic status and in connection with periods of abnormal hemodynamic status. The parameter values are employed to estimate coefficients of a linear parametric status model. These coefficients can then be used together with parameter values determined from impedance signals determined during status assessment periods in order to determine a current hemdoynamic status of the patient.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for use with implantable cardiac stimulation devices equipped for multi-site left ventricular (MSLV) cardiac pacing. Briefly, intraventricular and interventricular conduction delays are detected for paced cardiac events. Maximum pacing time delays are determined for use with MSLV pacing where the maximum pacing time delays are set based on the conduction delays to values sufficient to avoid capture problems due to wavefront propagation, such as fusion or lack of capture. MSLV pacing delays are then set to values no greater than the maximum pacing delays and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is delivered using the MSLV pacing delays. In an example where an optimal interventricular pacing delay (VV) is determined in advance using intracardiac electrogram-based or hemodynamic-based optimization techniques, the optimal value for VV can be used as a limiting factor when determining the maximum MSLV pacing time delays.