Abstract: To provide a simply-structured multilayer electrostatic actuator that exhibits a sufficient stroke and a sufficient contraction force in a specific drive range, and rapidly hardens upon an attempt to widen the interval between electrodes beyond the drive range. A multilayer electrostatic actuator (1) is configured by a plurality of actuator parts (2a, 2b. 2c) each including: a first film (3a1, 3b1, 3c1) having a plurality of first connection regions (7a1, 7b1, 7c1) formed on one surface in a predetermined pattern; and a second film (3a2, 3b2, 3c2) connected to the first film via the first connection regions, and having a plurality of second connection regions (7a2, 7b2, 7c2) formed on a surface opposite to the first film in the identical pattern. The actuator parts are connected and layered via the second connection regions. On both the first film and the second film of one actuator part (2a, 2b.

Abstract: In assessing the effect of indoor emission sources, such as furniture and building materials which emit hazardous chemical substances to indoor environment, with respect to chemical substances emitted from each emission source; calculating a emission amount (Qn) of each emission source per time using parameter of a emission rate (Fn) of chemical substances emitted from each emission source per area and per time and a surface area (Sn) of each emission source; with the result, calculating individually an indoor concentration of a specific chemical substance when assuming that only each emission source is individually placed indoors; and outputting the individual indoor concentration as the fundamental data.

Abstract: A passive type emission flux sampler measures an emission flux of a specified chemical sample released from an inspection object. The passive type emission flux sampler includes a hollow casing sealed except for an opening formed at a bottom for taking in a chemical substance. A test specimen that changes color in a reaction with the chemical substance is disposed to an inner surface of the casing opposite the opening. A water retaining material for maintaining the test specimen in a humid condition is disposed in the hollow casing.

Abstract: To enable simple and accurate measurement for the flow rate (emission flux) of a chemical substance released from a site to be measured such as a floor surface, ceiling, wall surface, or furniture with no effect of external air (air in the room). [Means for Solution] An opening 14 for taking in a chemical substance released from an inspection object (13) into the casing (12) is formed to the bottom surface (12a) of a hollow casing (12) to be bonded to the inspection object (13), a test specimen (15) that takes place color change reaction with the chemical substance under a humid circumstance is disposed to the inner surface of the casing (12) being opposed to the opening (14), and a transparent observing section (12a) is formed to the casing (12) for observing the color change of the test specimen (15) from the outside while bonding the inspection object (13) as it is.