Abstract: Provided are a gasification furnace operating method, a gasification furnace, a two-stage gasification apparatus, a gasification method for an organic raw material, and a two-stage gasification method for organic waste that make it possible to stably operate a gasification furnace over a long period of time. The present invention provides a gasification furnace operating method including, in a gasification furnace into which an organic raw material is introduced and that produces gas and slag, directly or indirectly introducing an alkali metal-containing compound into the gasification furnace to reduce the viscosity of the slag.

Abstract: To provide a sustainable method for the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen by low resources and low energy. The present invention is a method for the synthesis of ammonia by a thermochemical cycle, which uses nitrogen and water as raw materials and uses renewable energy as an energy source. Ammonia is synthesized without auxiliary raw materials by a step of obtaining ammonia by a reaction of nitrogen and a halogenated hydrogen by way of a halogenated ammonium as a cycle that proceeds in a thermodynamic manner, and a step of recycling the byproduced halogen.