Abstract: A piezoelectric speaker (10) includes: a piezoelectric film (35); a fixing face (17) for fixing the piezoelectric film (35) to a support; and an interposed layer (40) disposed between the piezoelectric film (35) and the fixing face (17). The interposed layer (40) has a holding degree of 5×108 N/m3 or less.

Abstract: A motor controller calculates a motor torque command based on motor speed and causes a motor to generate a torque corresponding to the motor torque command, to drive a machine load coupled to the motor. The motor controller includes a speed compensator that makes, when a speed compensation torque is calculated based on the motor speed, frequency characteristics of the speed compensation torque for the motor speed exhibit a low frequency cutoff characteristic so that steady-state gain in frequency response is less than a maximum gain value. A torque adder generates a motor torque command by adding to the existing motor torque command an externally input feedforward torque signal and the speed compensation torque.

Abstract: A motor controller calculates a motor torque command based on motor speed and causes a motor to generate a torque corresponding to the motor torque command, to drive a machine load coupled to the motor. The motor controller includes a speed compensator that makes, when a speed compensation torque is calculated based on the motor speed, frequency characteristics of the speed compensation torque for the motor speed exhibit a low frequency cutoff characteristic so that steady-state gain in frequency response is less than a maximum gain value. A torque adder generates a motor torque command by adding to the existing motor torque command an externally input feedforward torque signal and the speed compensation torque.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument comprises a tone generator which generates tone signals having tone pitches as designated by playing keys and tone properties as determined by control data signals applied thereto. A set of control data signals are provided in a digital format and delivered timewisely in serial form to manual setting units. The serial signals are converted into parallel signals and applied to the respective setting units for desired adjustment. The adjusted or non-adjusted parallel signals are converted back into serial signals and applied to the tone generator. Interpolator circuits are provided between the setting units and the tone generator to apply the latter control data signals whose values vary gradually even when the values of the signals from the setting units exhibit abrupt large changes from certain values to another.

Abstract: A tone quality presetting apparatus for use in an electronic musical instrument, arranged so that, when preset data of tone quality pattern are recalled from a memory to automatically set contents on tone quality setting members of manually operable setting units so as to establish agreement of the contents with the read-out preset data, the tone generator section of the musical instrument is controlled by the contents of the preset data during the period of time till the contents set on the setting members come to agree with the contents of the preset data, and that subsequent to the establishment of this agreement, the tone generator section is directly controlled by the contents set on the setting members, whereby the automatic setting operation of the setting members does not need to be performed at high speed and also the player is not bothered to pay attention to noises which otherwise would be generated in the setting members during automatic setting of contents thereon, and further that, during the pa

Abstract: A turn signal system for a vehicle which comprises an automatically resettable actuating switch mechanism, an electronic control unit to produce a cancelling signal after a predetermined time interval on the basis of a signal supplied by a speed detection unit, an intermittently lighting device controllable by said cancelling signal so as to be terminated by said cancelling signal, and one or more pairs of direction display lamps provided on both right and left sides of a vehicle.

Abstract: An ignition system for internal combustion engines which comprises a magneto electric generator having a generating coil for producing two output signals different in phase, a capacitor which will be charged and discharged to operate a high tension coil, a switching element for discharging the capacitor, and a control circuit for controlling the switching element, one of the two output signals charging the capacitor, the other output signal controlling the switching element through the control circuit with the results that the control voltage of the switching element is not affected by the ambient temperature and the ignition system is made smaller in size, is serviceable for preventing excessive rate of rotation of the combustion engine, and can be molded into one unit.