Abstract: Provided is a film forming method of a corrosion resistant film having a corrosion resistance under acidic atmosphere and a corrosion resistant member on which the corrosion resistant film is coated. The film forming method of the corrosion resistant film includes: bringing a substrate made of aluminum into contact with an aqueous solution containing sulfate ions and fluoride ions; and heating the substrate to boil the aqueous solution on a surface of the substrate and forming a corrosion resistant film containing at least oxygen, fluorine, and sulfur in the aluminum derived from the substrate on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital conversion device has: an analog-to-digital converter configured to receive an input signal via an input signal node, and convert the input signal to a digital signal; and a control circuit configured to receive the digital signal when the input signal is set to have a fixed value, and change, when a deviation amount of the digital signal with the respect to an expected value is equal to or larger than a threshold value, a value of a capacitor between a power supply potential node and a reference potential node of the analog-to-digital converter and/or values of resistors connected to the power supply potential node and the reference potential node of the analog-to-digital converter.

Abstract: A cover film including, at least, (A) a substrate layer, (B) an intermediate layer, (C) a release layer and (D) a heat seal layer is provided. The release layer (C) includes a resin composition which includes (a) a styrene-based resin composition and (b) an ethylene-?-olefin random copolymer, with the content of the copolymer (b) in the release layer being 20 to 50 mass %, and which has a Vicat softening temperature of 55 to 80° C., while the heat seal layer (D) includes an acrylic resin having a glass transition temperature of 55 to 80° C. By the cover film, a carrier tape of polystyrene or the like can be so heat-sealed even in a short time as to achieve sufficient peel strength. Further, the resulting heat-sealed carrier tape exhibits little variation in peel strength, so that when peeling, few components fly out of the carrier tape.

Abstract: An electrostatically atomizing device capable of instantly giving an electrostatically atomizing effect without requiring a water tank. The electrostatically atomizing device includes an emitter electrode, an opposed electrode opposed to the emitter electrode, a water feeder configured to give water on the emitter electrode, and a high voltage source configured to apply a high voltage across said emitter electrode and said opposed electrode to electrostatically charge the water on the emitter electrode for spraying charged minute water particles from a discharge end of the emitter electrode. The water feeder is configured to condense the water on the emitter electrode from within the surrounding air, enabling to supply the water on the emitter electrode in a short time without relying upon an additional water tank. Thus, an atomization of the charged minute water particles can be obtained immediately upon use of the device.

Abstract: In system and method of controlling an automatic transmission that includes a lowest gear-stage friction element and has a lowest gear stage having a largest gear ratio and a gear stage other than the lowest gear stage, the lowest gear stage being established through engagement of the lowest gear-stage friction element, the gear stage other than the lowest gear stage being established while the lowest gear-stage friction element is kept in disengagement, a temperature of working oil in the automatic transmission is sensed, and use of the lowest gear stage is inhibited and use of the gear stage other than the lowest gear stage is allowed when the sensed temperature of the working oil is lower than a first predetermined temperature as a predetermined extremely low temperature at which an engagement failure of the lowest gear-stage friction element is caused.

Abstract: An electrostatically atomizing device includes an emitter electrode, an opposed electrode opposed to the emitter electrode, and a cooling means which condenses the water on the emitter electrode from within the surrounding air, and a high voltage source applying a high voltage across the emitter electrode and the opposed electrode to electrostatically charge the water for atomizing charged minute water particles from a discharge end of the emitter electrode. The device further includes a controller for discharging the charged minute water particles in a stable manner. The controller monitors a discharge current flowing between the two electrodes to control the cooling means for keeping the discharge current at a predetermined level, thereby regulating the atomizing amount of the charged minute particles from the emitter electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrostatically atomizing device capable of instantly giving an electrostatically atomizing effect without requiring a water tank. The electrostatically atomizing device includes an emitter electrode, an opposed electrode opposed to the emitter electrode, a water feeder configured to give water on the emitter electrode, and a high voltage source configured to apply a high voltage across said emitter electrode and said opposed electrode to electrostatically charge the water on the emitter electrode for spraying charged minute water particles from a discharge end of the emitter electrode. The water feeder is configured to condense the water on the emitter electrode from within the surrounding air, enabling to supply the water on the emitter electrode in a short time without relying upon an additional water tank. Thus, an atomization of the charged minute water particles can be obtained immediately upon use of the device.

Abstract: An electrostatically atomizing device includes an emitter electrode, an opposed electrode opposed to the emitter electrode, and a cooling means which condenses the water on the emitter electrode from within the surrounding air, and a high voltage source applying a high voltage across the emitter electrode and the opposed electrode to electrostatically charge the water for atomizing charged minute water particles from a discharge end of the emitter electrode. The device further includes a controller for discharging the charged minute water particles in a stable manner. The controller monitors a discharge current flowing between the two electrodes to control the cooling means for keeping the discharge current at a predetermined level, thereby regulating the atomizing amount of the charged minute particles from the emitter electrode.

Abstract: In system and method of controlling an automatic transmission that includes a lowest gear-stage friction element and has a lowest gear stage having a largest gear ratio and a gear stage other than the lowest gear stage, the lowest gear stage being established through engagement of the lowest gear-stage friction element, the gear stage other than the lowest gear stage being established while the lowest gear-stage friction element is kept in disengagement, a temperature of working oil in the automatic transmission is sensed, and use of the lowest gear stage is inhibited and use of the gear stage other than the lowest gear stage is allowed when the sensed temperature of the working oil is lower than a first predetermined temperature as a predetermined extremely low temperature at which an engagement failure of the lowest gear-stage friction element is caused.

Abstract: A polishing apparatus has a guide (5) to be pressed against a polishing cloth (7) when polishing an object (1). Within the guide, a ring (3) is arranged between a backing plate (4) and a backing film (2). When the guide and polishing cloth are rotated to rub with each other, force of the periphery of the object of pressing the polishing cloth drops. The ring prevents such a force drop, thereby equalizing polishing rates over a surface of the object. Also provided is a polishing method applied to the polishing apparatus.

Abstract: A polishing apparatus has a guide (5) to be pressed against a polishing cloth (7) when polishing an object (1). Within the guide, a ring (3) is arranged between a backing plate (4) and a backing film (2). When the guide and polishing cloth are rotated to rub with each other, force of the periphery of the object of pressing the polishing cloth drops. The ring prevents such a force drop, thereby equalizing polishing rates over a surface of the object. Also provided is a polishing method applied to the polishing apparatus.

Abstract: A polishing apparatus has a guide (5) to be pressed against a polishing cloth (7) when polishing an object (1). Within the guide, a ring (3) is arranged between a backing plate (4) and a backing film (2). When the guide and polishing cloth are rotated to rub with each other, force of the periphery of the object of pressing the polishing cloth drops. The ring prevents such a force drop, thereby equalizing polishing rates over a surface of the object. Also provided is a polishing method applied to the polishing apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a CMP apparatus for minimizing the deterioration of the polishing performance and allows easy detection of the its useful operational limit. The CMP apparatus for polishing of the semiconductor substrate is provided with a dresser for removing abrasive grains which have fallen onto the polishing cloth. A particle remover is provided for easily removing abrasive grains at approximately the same time or at a different time as the dressing process. The polishing cloth includes a use limit indicator formed in a concavity of the cloth. Upon the exposure of the use limit indicator, the limit of the polishing cloth can be easily detected.