Abstract: A casing for gas including a first channel section through which gas flows and a second channel section intersecting with the first channel section, the first channel section having an intersecting part that intersects with the second channel section, the intersecting part being formed to have a rounded quadrangular cross section and having a flat part, the second channel section intersecting with the first channel section to open at the flat part.

Abstract: A state monitoring device for a plate spring mounted on a railcar bogie is configured to monitor a state of the plate spring, the plate spring including fiber-reinforced resin containing electrically conductive reinforced fibers containing reinforced fibers extending in a longitudinal direction of the plate spring. The state monitoring device includes: an electrode pair provided at both width direction side end surfaces of the plate spring and sandwiching the plate spring, a width direction of the plate spring being perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plate spring and a thickness direction of the plate spring; and a measuring unit electrically connected to the electrode pair and configured to measure an electrical characteristic of the plate spring.

Abstract: A plate spring unit applied to a railcar bogie includes: a lower plate spring including both longitudinal direction end portions supported by the respective axle boxes from below, the lower plate spring being made of fiber-reinforced resin; an upper plate spring arranged above the lower plate spring with a gap and including a middle portion pressed from above by a pressing member provided at the cross beam, the upper plate spring being made of fiber-reinforced resin; a middle spacer sandwiched between a middle portion of the lower plate spring and the middle portion of the upper plate spring; and an end spacer sandwiched between the end portion of the lower plate spring and an end portion of the upper plate spring and allowing relative displacement between the end portion of the lower plate spring and the end portion of the upper plate spring in a longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A method of producing plate springs for a railcar bogie, the plate springs each extending in a car longitudinal direction and elastically supporting a cross beam while being supported by an axle box in the railcar bogie, the axle box accommodating a bearing for an axle, the method includes: a molding step of molding a mother plate made of fiber-reinforced resin, the mother plate including a layer made of continuous fibers oriented in a first direction when viewed from a normal direction of a main surface of the mother plate; a cut position determining step of determining positions of a plurality of parallel cut lines for cutting the mother plate along the first direction; and a cutting step of cutting the mother plate along the plurality of cut lines to take out the plate springs made of the fiber-reinforced resin.

Abstract: A plate spring unit applied to a railcar bogie includes: a lower plate spring including both longitudinal direction end portions supported by the respective axle boxes from below, the lower plate spring being made of fiber-reinforced resin; an upper plate spring arranged above the lower plate spring with a gap and including a middle portion pressed from above by a pressing member provided at the cross beam, the upper plate spring being made of fiber-reinforced resin; a middle spacer sandwiched between a middle portion of the lower plate spring and the middle portion of the upper plate spring; and an end spacer sandwiched between the end portion of the lower plate spring and an end portion of the upper plate spring and allowing relative displacement between the end portion of the lower plate spring and the end portion of the upper plate spring in a longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A state monitoring device for a plate spring mounted on a railcar bogie is configured to monitor a state of the plate spring, the plate spring including fiber-reinforced resin containing electrically conductive reinforced fibers containing reinforced fibers extending in a longitudinal direction of the plate spring. The state monitoring device includes: an electrode pair provided at both width direction side end surfaces of the plate spring and sandwiching the plate spring, a width direction of the plate spring being perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plate spring and a thickness direction of the plate spring; and a measuring unit electrically connected to the electrode pair and configured to measure an electrical characteristic of the plate spring.

Abstract: A method of producing plate springs for a railcar bogie, the plate springs each extending in a car longitudinal direction and elastically supporting a cross beam while being supported by an axle box in the railcar bogie, the axle box accommodating a bearing for an axle, the method includes: a molding step of molding a mother plate made of fiber-reinforced resin, the mother plate including a layer made of continuous fibers oriented in a first direction when viewed from a normal direction of a main surface of the mother plate; a cut position determining step of determining positions of a plurality of parallel cut lines for cutting the mother plate along the first direction; and a cutting step of cutting the mother plate along the plurality of cut lines to take out the plate springs made of the fiber-reinforced resin.

Abstract: A crack-type fatigue detecting sensor comprises: a foil substrate having a first surface and a second surface fixed to a member to be tested; and a foil fracture piece having a slit formed in a central portion between opposite end portions in a longitudinal direction thereof such that the slit extends from one side portion toward the other side portion in a width direction thereof perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, wherein the opposite end portions of the fracture piece are respectively fixed to the first surface of the substrate and a portion including the central portion having the slit has a thickness smaller than a thickness of the opposite end portions over a whole width.

Abstract: A crack-type fatigue detecting sensor comprises: a foil substrate having a first surface and a second surface fixed to a member to be tested; and a foil fracture piece having a slit formed in a central portion between opposite end portions in a longitudinal direction thereof such that the slit extends from one side portion toward the other side portion in a width direction thereof perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, wherein the opposite end portions of the fracture piece are respectively fixed to the first surface of the substrate and a portion including the central portion having the slit has a thickness smaller than a thickness of the opposite end portions over a whole width.