Abstract: To provide a coating liquid for release layer with which a release layer having a small variation in the performance difference can be stably formed, to provide a method for producing a thermal transfer sheet using this coating liquid for release layer, and to provide a thermal transfer sheet having stable releasability. A thermal transfer sheet having a substrate, a release layer provided on the substrate, and a transfer layer provided on the release layer, wherein the transfer layer is provided peelably from the release layer, and the release layer contains a silsesquioxane.

Abstract: A flattening apparatus includes a mold holding unit configured to suck and hold a mold including a flat portion, a substrate holding unit holding a substrate, an exposure unit irradiating a light curing composition supplied onto the substrate with light at least via the mold to cure the composition, the composition being irradiated with the light and cured in a state where the flat portion of the mold is in contact with the composition on the substrate, a gas suction unit sucking gas from a spatial region between the mold and the mold holding unit, a gas supply unit supplying the gas to the spatial region, and a control unit controlling the gas suction unit and the gas supply unit to perform temperature adjustment processing for supplying the gas to the spatial region in a state where the mold is sucked and held onto the mold holding unit.

Abstract: A method for producing a new deafness model animal and a new deafness model animal produced by the method, enabling research that can also be applied to clinical application to a human. The present invention provides a method for producing an acoustic trauma deafness model animal, the method including exposing a non-human primate animal to a sound having a frequency of 1 kHz to 32 kHz and a sound pressure level of 100 dB to 150 dB for 10 minutes to 360 minutes. In addition, the present invention provides an acoustic trauma deafness model animal provided by the method for producing an acoustic trauma deafness model animal.

Abstract: A flattening apparatus includes a mold holding unit configured to suck and hold a mold including a flat portion, a substrate holding unit holding a substrate, an exposure unit irradiating a light curing composition supplied onto the substrate with light at least via the mold to cure the composition, the composition being irradiated with the light and cured in a state where the flat portion of the mold is in contact with the composition on the substrate, a gas suction unit sucking gas from a spatial region between the mold and the mold holding unit, a gas supply unit supplying the gas to the spatial region, and a control unit controlling the gas suction unit and the gas supply unit to perform temperature adjustment processing for supplying the gas to the spatial region in a state where the mold is sucked and held onto the mold holding unit.

Abstract: A method for producing a new deafness model animal and a new deafness model animal produced by the method, enabling research that can also be applied to clinical application to a human. The present invention provides a method for producing an acoustic trauma deafness model animal, the method including exposing a non-human primate animal to a sound having a frequency of 1 kHz to 32 kHz and a sound pressure level of 100 dB to 150 dB for 10 minutes to 360 minutes. In addition, the present invention provides an acoustic trauma deafness model animal provided by the method for producing an acoustic trauma deafness model animal.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a device comprises a temperature regulator configured to regulate a temperature of a component associated with manufacture of the device, a controller configured to control the temperature regulator, and a console configured to send command information to the controller upon receiving an input regarding an operation of the temperature regulator, the command information including a command for causing the temperature regulator to operate in an electric power saving mode, and a parameter which specifies a detail of the electric power saving mode.

Abstract: A device manufacturing apparatus includes a driving unit configured to perform driving for processing an object, a conduit through which a coolant that recovers heat generated by the driving unit flows, a cooler configure to cool the coolant that flows through the conduit, a heater configured to heat the coolant cooled by the cooler so that the driving unit cooled by the heated coolant has a target temperature, and a controller configured to heighten a target temperature of the coolant cooled by the cooler, if it is determined, based on control information to control the driving unit, that a heat amount to be generated by the driving unit decreases.

Abstract: A temperature regulating apparatus which regulates temperature includes a heater, a temperature detector configured to detect temperature, a calculator configured to calculate a manipulated value based on an error between a target temperature and the temperature detected by the temperature detector, and a power controller configured to supply power, having one of a voltage and current controlled in accordance with the manipulated value, to the heater. The calculator includes a first calculator having at least a proportional element of the proportional element, an integral element, and a derivative element, and a second calculator configured to calculate a square root. The first calculator and the second calculator are coupled in series with each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a device comprises a temperature regulator configured to regulate a temperature of a component associated with manufacture of the device, a controller configured to control the temperature regulator, and a console configured to send command information to the controller upon receiving an input regarding an operation of the temperature regulator, the command information including a command for causing the temperature regulator to operate in an electric power saving mode, and a parameter which specifies a detail of the electric power saving mode.

Abstract: A device manufacturing apparatus includes a driving unit configured to perform driving for processing an object, a conduit through which a coolant that recovers heat generated by the driving unit flows, a cooler configure to cool the coolant that flows through the conduit, a heater configured to heat the coolant cooled by the cooler so that the driving unit cooled by the heated coolant has a target temperature, and a controller configured to heighten a target temperature of the coolant cooled by the cooler, if it is determined, based on control information to control the driving unit, that a heat amount to be generated by the driving unit decreases.

Abstract: A liquid recovery apparatus of the present invention is a liquid recovery apparatus 20 which recovers a liquid f, the liquid recovery apparatus 20 comprises a liquid recovery nozzle 6 having a porous plate 22, a container 23 configured to be filled with the liquid f, a recovery pipe 17 having one end and the other end, the one end being connected with the liquid recovery nozzle 6 and the other end being configured to be disposed inside the container 23, a pressure chamber 27 configured so that the liquid recovery nozzle 6 is disposed outside the pressure chamber 27 and the container 23 is disposed inside the pressure chamber 27, and a pressure regulator 30 configured to regulate an internal pressure of the pressure chamber 27.

Abstract: A temperature regulating apparatus which regulates temperature includes a heater, a temperature detector configured to detect temperature, a calculator configured to calculate a manipulated value based on an error between a target temperature and the temperature detected by the temperature detector, and a power controller configured to supply power, having one of a voltage and current controlled in accordance with the manipulated value, to the heater. The calculator includes a first calculator having at least a proportional element of the proportional element, an integral element, and a derivative element, and a second calculator configured to calculate a square root. The first calculator and the second calculator are coupled in series with each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides an exposure apparatus which exposes a substrate via a liquid, the apparatus including a projection optical system configured to project a pattern of a reticle onto the substrate, a liquid supply unit configured to supply the liquid between the projection optical system and the substrate, a blowing nozzle which is arranged around the projection optical system on a side of the substrate and configured to blow a gas around the liquid supplied between the projection optical system and the substrate, and an exhaust unit configured to exhaust the gas in a space between the blowing nozzle and the liquid supplied between the projection optical system and the substrate, the exhaust unit including a removal member configured to remove a volatile component which volatilizes from the liquid and is contained in the gas in the space.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus includes a movable member, a support member which supports the movable member, a driving mechanism which moves the movable member supported by the support member, a first temperature regulating unit which regulates the temperature of the driving mechanism, and a second temperature regulating unit which regulates the temperature of the support member on the basis of the information provided from the first temperature regulating unit.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus projects a pattern of an original onto a substrate through a projection optical system and a liquid. The exposure apparatus includes a supply unit adapted to supply liquid to a space between the projection optical system and a substrate, a suction unit adapted to suck a fluid in the space, and a fluid sensor that detects a change in the kind of fluid being sucked by the suction unit, and a controller configured to control the operating state of the suction unit in response to the detection by the fluid sensor of the change in kind of the fluid being sucked by the suction unit.

Abstract: A polyester resin comprising units of a dicarboxylic acid component composed mainly of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or its ester forming derivative and a diol component composed mainly of ethylene glycol and an ethylene oxide adduct of a bisphenol compound or its derivative.The resin may advantageously be used as a molding material for various moldings such as extrusion molding, blow molding, vacuum molding and injection molding.

Abstract: A highly crystalline polyethylene terephthalate resin composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of a polyethylene terephthalate copolymer comprising ethylene terephthalate units as the main recurring units, which is formed by copolymerizing a glycol component containing 1 to 20% by weight of a polyalkylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 500 to 20,000 and 1.2 to 15% by weight of diethylene glycol with a carboxylic acid component composed mainly of terephthalic acid, (B) 5 to 200 parts by weight of a fibrous reinforcer, (C) 0.5 to 130 parts by weight of a nucleating agent, and (D) 0.1 to 60 parts by weight of a crystallization-promoting agent. The resin composition optionally contains 2 to 100 parts by weight of an inorganic compound, 2 to 100 parts by weight of an impact strength improver, 2 to 40 parts by weight of a flame retardant, or 1 to 20 parts by weight of a flame retardant assistant.

Abstract: Disclosed is a carbon fiber reinforced polyester resin composition comprising (A) 30 to 98.985% by weight of a thermoplastic polyester resin, (B) 1 to 60% by weight of a carbon fiber, (C) 0.01 to 5% by weight of at least one compound selected from the following compounds (I), (II) and (III):(I) at least one sulphur compound represented by the following formula (X): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 stand for C.sub.m H.sub.2m+1 radical, and m stands for a recurring number of 1 to 30,(II) at least one salt of an organic carboxylic acid with a metal of the group Ia or IIa of the Periodic Table,(III) a phosphorus compound, and (D) 0.005 to 5% by weight of at least one polycarbonate resin represented by the following formula (IV), ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 through R.sub.10 stand for independently a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, R.sub.11 and R.sub.12 stand for independently an alkyl radical, and n stands for an average recurring number of not less than 3.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flame-retardant polyester resin composition comprising (1) a reinforced resin composition obtained by melt blending (A) a polyethylene terephthalate resin, (B) glass fibers, a combination of (C) at least one flame retarder having a specified chemical structure and (D) hexabromobiphenyl ether used in specific proportions, (E) antimony trioxide and optionally (F) an inorganic filler; and (2) (G) at least one ester compound subsequently added to the reinforced resin composition, the ester compound being derived from pentaerythitol and a fatty acid. This flame-retardant polyester resin composition can yield molded articles having excellent mechanical properties and flame retardancy, and exhibits good releasability of the molded article and rapid feed into the molding machine at the time of molding.

Abstract: An inorganic fiber-reinforced polyester resin composition having an improved mold-release property comprises 5% to 60% by weight of inorganic fibers, 0.01% to 2% by weight of at least one esters of pentaerythritol with saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, and a balance of polyethylene terephthalate resin.