Abstract: A packet transmission device that transmits packets for measuring an available bandwidth and that includes a first packet creation portion that creates a first packet including bandwidth measurement data, a second packet creation portion that creates at least one second packet such that a sum of data sizes of the first packet and the at least one second packet to be created is within a predetermined range including a target value, a setting portion that sets a transmission interval for the first packet, a first transmission portion that transmits the first packet at a first timing specified by the transmission interval, and a second transmission portion that transmits the at least one second packet at a second timing that is a timing after the first timing and before a time when the transmission interval has elapsed from the first timing.

Abstract: In a manufacturing method for a grinding wheel in which a plurality of wheel chips each composed of an abrasive grain layer containing superabrasive grains and a foundation layer are adhered to a core attached to a wheel spindle carried by a wheel head of a grinding machine to be drivingly rotatable about a rotational axis and in which a grinding surface formed on the abrasive grain layers grinds a workpiece, drivingly rotatably supported by a workpiece support device of the grinding machine, in contact at a grinding point, the method forms green wheel chips each having opposite ends in a wheel circumferential direction inclined relative to the wheel circumferential direction, bakes the green wheel chips to form baked wheel chips, and adheres the plurality of baked wheel chips to the core so that an oblique groove is formed between adjoining abrasive grain layers.

Abstract: In a wheel spindle device wherein a plurality of grinding wheels are attached in a juxtaposed relation to a wheel spindle rotatably carried on a wheel head of a grinding machine, a reference position for specifying a position in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel is provided on a core member of each of the grinding wheels, and a plurality of inclined grooves at predetermined angular intervals are formed on a grinding surface of each grinding wheel to be inclined relative to the circumferential direction of each grinding wheel. In order that the fluctuations in the dynamic pressure and the grinding resistance between respective grinding wheels and workpiece portions ground therewith do not grow as a combined or synergy effect, the inclined grooves on each grinding wheel are shifted in angular phase from those on another grinding wheel, so that grinding efficiency and accuracy can be enhanced.

Abstract: A portable electronic apparatus and a control method of the portable electronic apparatus with excellent operability capable of surely reflecting a user's intended input operation are provided.

Abstract: A side sill beam having a shape of an arch concave outwards in a vehicle-width direction is placed in a side sill, and includes first and second ends welded to joining areas with front and rear floor cross members, respectively. A first impact detection element that detects an impact from the outside in the vehicle-width direction is disposed near the joining areas of the side sill and the front or rear floor cross member, and a second impact detection element that detects an impact from the outside in the vehicle-width direction is disposed offset from the first impact detection element in a vehicle front-rear direction as viewed in the vehicle-width direction.

Abstract: A rotating electrical machine that includes a stator formed by winding a coil around a stator core of a substantially cylindrical shape; and a rotor rotatably supported at an inside in a radial direction of the stator, wherein at least one coil end portion in an axial direction of the stator is a curved coil end portion formed to be curved inward in a radial direction of the stator core.

Abstract: In a grinding wheel in which abrasive tips for rough grinding and abrasive tips for finish grinding are alternately bonded to a periphery of a disk type base rotating about a rotation axis, each abrasive tip includes the abrasive layer formed by bonding abrasive grains and a lower layer overlaid and integrally for led with the abrasive layer. The abrasive tip is attached to the periphery of the base at the lower layer. A Young's modulus of the lower layer of the abrasive tip for finish grinding relative to a load acting on the grinding surface of the abrasive tip in an inward direction of the grinding wheel is less than that of the abrasive tip for rough grinding. Thereby, the surface of a workpiece can be both rough-ground and finish-ground with superhigh-precision surface roughness with using one grinding wheel.

Abstract: A grinding wheel is manufactured such that (a) any one of particles for an abrasive grain layer and particles for a substrate layer are put into the press-mold die, and other particles are put onto the particles in the press-mold die, and then the substrate layer and the abrasive grain layer are integrally press-molded to form a non-baked grinding chip with an arcuate shape; (b) depressions are formed on the abrasive grain layer of the non-baked grinding chip; (c) the grinding chip on which the depressions are formed is baked; and (d) the plurality of baked-grinding chips are adhered to a core of the grinding wheel.

Abstract: A group communication method in which a communication terminal not participating in the group communication can newly participate in the group communication even while the group communication is being carried out is realized.

Abstract: A planetary gear train includes a carrier having a first side plate, a second side plate disposed in parallel to the first side plate and pinions rotatably supported by the first and second side plates; and a ring member secured to an outer edge of the second side plate. The first side plate has a plurality of first convex portions whose edge portion form an outer edge and a plurality of first concave portions formed between adjacent first convex portions. The second side plate has a plurality of second convex portions whose edge portion form an outer edge and whose width in a peripheral direction is wider than the first convex portion, and a plurality of carrier bridges axially extended from a part between the plurality of second convex portions to the plurality of first concave portions and secured to the first concave portion.

Abstract: In a grinding wheel comprising a disc-like core member and a ring-shape grinding wheel layer wherein superabrasive grains selected from cubic boron nitride particles and diamond particles are contained together with aggregates in a bonding material, the aggregates are made of porous ceramics particles and have an average particle size which is in a range of 70% to 150% relative to the average particle size of the superabrasive grains, and bridges made of the bonding material are formed between the aggregates adjoining to one another or between the aggregates and the superabrasive grains adjoining to the aggregates.

Abstract: In a vitrified bonded grinding wheel having superabrasive grains 11 such as CBN, diamond or the like bonded with a vitrified bond 12, pores 16 of the vitrified bonded grinding wheel has impregnated thereinto a resin 17 consisting of any resin selected from, e.g., unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester and allyl ester which are in a liquid state at the normal temperature and which have a thermosetting property, and being capable of radical polymerization. Thus, any separation gas or the like is not generated when the impregnated resin is hardened, whereby the strength of the grinding wheel can be enhanced.

Abstract: In a wheel spindle device wherein a plurality of grinding wheels are attached in a juxtaposed relation to a wheel spindle rotatably carried on a wheel head of a grinding machine, a reference position for specifying a position in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel is provided on a core member of each of the grinding wheels, and a plurality of inclined grooves at predetermined angular intervals are formed on a grinding surface of each grinding wheel to be inclined relative to the circumferential direction of each grinding wheel. In order that the fluctuations in the dynamic pressure and the grinding resistance between respective grinding wheels and workpiece portions ground therewith do not grow as a combined or synergy effect, the inclined grooves on each grinding wheel are shifted in angular phase from those on another grinding wheel, so that grinding efficiency and accuracy can be enhanced.

Abstract: In a grinding wheel in which abrasive tips for rough grinding and abrasive tips for finish grinding are alternately bonded to a periphery of a disk type base rotating about a rotation axis, each abrasive tip includes the abrasive layer for ed by bonding abrasive grains and a lower layer overlaid and integrally for led with the abrasive layer. The abrasive tip is attached to the periphery of the base at the lower layer. A Young's modulus of the lower layer of the abrasive tip for finish grinding relative to a load acting on the grinding surface of the abrasive tip in an inward direction of the grinding wheel is less than that of the abrasive tip for rough grinding.

Abstract: A planetary gear train includes a carrier having a first side plate, a second side plate disposed in parallel to the first side plate and pinions rotatably supported by the first and second side plates; and a ring member secured to an outer edge of the second side plate. The first side plate has a plurality of first convex portions whose edge portion form an outer edge and a plurality of first concave portions formed between adjacent first convex portions. The second side plate has a plurality of second convex portions whose edge portion form an outer edge and whose width in a peripheral direction is wider than the first convex portion, and a plurality of carrier bridges axially extended from a part between the plurality of second convex portions to the plurality of first concave portions and secured to the first concave portion.

Abstract: A process for spiral membrane element production is disclosed in which creases are stably and sufficiently formed to thereby enable the later step of winding or the like to be smoothly conducted while eliminating the “wrinkling” or “breakage” caused by the distortion of creased parts. The process comprises the step of forming a multilayer structure S2 comprising a membrane 1 which has been folded, a feed-side passage material disposed on the feed side of the folded membrane 1, and a permeation-side passage material disposed on the permeation side of the folded membrane 1 and the step of spirally winding at least the multilayer structure S2 on a perforated core tube 5, wherein the folded membrane 1 is obtained by forming beforehand in a membrane a folding initiation part L2 reduced in bending resistance along each of folding lines L1 for the membrane, folding the membrane 1 at the folding initiation parts L2, and heating and pressing the membrane 1 during and/or after the folding.

Abstract: A process for spiral membrane element production is disclosed which attains high productivity, eliminates the material “wrinkling” or “breakage” caused by material distortion or core tube distortion, and can increase the degree of tightening of the whole element. The process includes a step in which a multilayer structure including a feed-side passage material interposed between opposed membranes on their feed side and a permeation-side passage material interposed between opposed membranes on their permeation side is spirally wound on a perforated core tube, wherein the winding of the multilayer structure on the core tube is conducted by rotating the core tube 5 while pressing one or more rolls 15 against the periphery of the wound structure R1.

Abstract: A CBN grinding wheel having a circular core and an abrasive layer formed on the peripheral surface of the core. The abrasive layer comprises high toughness CBN grains and medium toughness CBN grains, wherein the high toughness CBN grains are incorporated into the abrasive layer in a ratio of 10-80% by weight with respect to the total amount of the CBN grains.