Abstract: The development apparatus that develops an electrostatic latent image formed on an image carrier comprises: a developer roller operable to carry toner on a circumferential surface thereof and develop the electrostatic latent image using the toner; a supply roller operable to perform toner supply to the developer roller; a voltage applier operable to apply a bias voltage V1 to the developer roller and apply a bias voltage V2 to the supply roller; and a controller operable to control the voltage applier in a toner compulsive consumption mode so that a value obtained by subtracting an average S2 of the bias voltage V2 per unit time from an average S1 of the bias voltage V1 per unit time indicates the same polarity as a normal charging polarity of the toner. Here, the toner compulsive consumption mode performs development to compulsively consume the toner carried on the circumferential surface of the developer roller.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a method for studying, determining or evaluating a pharmacological effect such as an effect on fibromyalgia, an analgesic effect or an antistress effect of a test substance by administering the test substance to a SART stress-loaded animal and then subjecting the brain tissue to expression and proteome analysis. By conducting the expression and proteome analysis to examine how the test substance affects a change in protein expression occurring in the brain tissue of the SART stress-loaded animal, it is possible to search for a substance efficacious against fibromyalgia or painful diseases, an antistress agent and so on.

Abstract: A developing device has a bearing member that can bear a toner, a storing chamber for storing the toner, a waiting chamber disposed below the storing chamber for receiving the bearing member that can be filled with the toner and a buffer chamber positioned between the storing chamber and the waiting chamber for storing the developer material. A first horizontal connecting path connects upper portions of the storing and buffer chambers, and two second connecting paths connect lower portions of the buffer chamber and the waiting chamber. A feed member feeds toner from the storing chamber through the first connecting path into the buffer chamber. A first conveying member in the buffer chamber conveys the toner from one of the connecting paths to the other of the connecting paths, and a second conveying member in the waiting chamber conveys the toner within the waiting chamber in the opposite direction.

Abstract: The similarity groups of the pressure differential-current characteristics of solenoid valves are measured in advance, and the measurement results are used to select the solenoid valves to be used for first to fourth pressure increase control valves. Only solenoid valves in the same region in terms of their similarity group of the pressure differential-current characteristics are used for the first to fourth pressure increase control valves. A board on which the first to fourth control valves are mounted is provided with a mark unit that indicates the similarity group of the pressure differential-current characteristics of the first to forth pressure increase control valves. The mark unit includes a resistor. A brake ECU uses the resistance value of the resistor to identify the similarity group of the pressure differential-current characteristics of the first to fourth pressure increase control valves.

Abstract: A lubricant composition having a 40° C. dynamic viscosity of 40 mm2/s or less that has wear resistance equal to or better than a lubricant having a 40° C. dynamic viscosity of 76 mm2/s is achieved by providing a base oil with a zinc dithiophosphate and alkaline earth metal salt in an amount to provide a ratio of elemental zinc to alkaline earth metal in the oil in the range of 0.2 to 1.0.

Abstract: To provide an oil composition for automatic transmission having high wet friction torque capacity and shudder preventing performance, and excellent also in durability of shudder preventing performance as an automatic transmission oil for lock-up clutch and slip control.

Abstract: To provide an oil composition for automatic transmission having high wet friction torque capacity and shudder preventing performance, and excellent also in durability of shudder preventing performance as an automatic transmission oil for lock-up clutch and slip control.

Abstract: By using a rivet which serves also as a terminal member, and a sealing member which serves also as an insulating member, the terminal member and the insulating member can be omitted, thereby forming the lid of the secondary battery from only three parts, i.e. the body, rivet and sealing member. The sealing member includes a cylindrical portion and a flange portion which are separate members. The cylindrical portion is formed by cutting a fluororesin tube. The flange portion is formed by punching a polypropylene resin sheet. Thus, the number of parts can be reduced to four, so that it is possible to reduce the parts cost and manufacturing cost as compared to conventional lids.

Abstract: To provide an oil composition for automatic transmission having high wet friction torque capacity and shudder preventing performance, and excellent also in durability of shudder preventing performance as an automatic transmission oil for lock-up clutch and slip control.

Abstract: In a vehicular control system, when in the engine ECU, ATECU or brake ECU there occurs important information which requires an urgent response by any of the other ECUs, the important information is transmitted directly to the corresponding ECU through an important information communication line L1 without going through a manager ECU 10. Therefore, a controller in the ECU receives the important information and immediately controls the corresponding component based on the important information.

Abstract: By using a rivet which serves also as a terminal member, and a sealing member which serves also as an insulating member, a terminal member and an insulating member can be omitted, thereby forming the lid from only three parts i.e. the body, rivet and sealing member. The sealing member includes a cylindrical portion and a flange portion which are separate members. The cylindrical portion is formed by cutting a fluororesin tube. The flange portion is formed by punching a polypropylene resin sheet. Thus, the number of parts can be reduced to four, so that it is possible to reduce the parts cost and manufacturing cost compared to conventional lids.

Abstract: In a vehicular control system, when in the engine ECU, ATECU or brake ECU there occurs important information which requires an urgent response by any of the other ECUs, the important information is transmitted directly to the corresponding ECU through an important information communication line L1 without going through a manager ECU 10. Therefore, a control means in the ECU receives the important information and immediately controls the corresponding component based on the important information.

Abstract: The invention provides a fluid composition for a fluid coupling, which is excellent in viscosity stability and torque stability, and comprises a polyorganosiloxane base oil having a viscosity of 3,000-500,000 mm.sup.2 /sec at 25.degree. C. and at least one 5-membered heterocyclic compound incorporated in a proportion of 0.01-3.0 wt. % based on the total weight of the composition, said 5-membered heterocyclic compound being selected from the group consisting of thiadiazole derivatives and thiazole derivatives, both, having at least one monovalent group represented by the formula --S.sub.x --R.sup.6 in which R.sup.6 is a saturated or unsaturated monovalent group or atom composed of at least one atom selected from a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom, and x is a number of 1 or greater.

Abstract: A thermoplastic silicon-containing polymer, which may be a precursor of SiC, and which can be transformed to a thermosetting polymer by copolymerizing it with a thermosetting perhydropolysilazane or polyborosilazane.

Abstract: A fluid-permeable agent for providing fluid-permeability to non-woven sheets of polyolefin fibers contains 50 wt % or more of polyoxyalkylene modified silicone shown by Formula (A) given below: ##STR1## where x is an integer in the range of 1-10, y is an integer in the range of 7-100, a is an integer equal to or greater than 5, b is an integer equal to or less than 95, (a+b) is an integer equal to or less than 100 and R.sup.1 is H or alkyl group with 1-12 carbon atoms. The agent may additionally contain surfactants of certain specified kinds and is applied at a rate of 0.1-0.5 wt % with respect to the fibers for good results.

Abstract: A molded body formed of a silicon nitride-based ceramic containing Si and N and optionally O, C and/or a metal. The ceramic is formed from a polysilazane. A molded body may be a composite body which is composed of a matrix of the ceramic and a reinforcing material such as powder or fiber embedded within the matrix or which is composed of ceramic powder bound with a binder formed of the silicon nitride-based ceramic.

Abstract: A fluid-permeable agent for providing fluid-permeability to non-woven sheets of polyolefin fibers contains 50 wt % or more of aliphatic diethanol amide shown by the formula: ##STR1## where R is alkyl or alkenyl group with 11-17 carbon atoms. The agent may additionally contain non-ionic surfactants and salt of certain specified kinds and is applied at a rate of 0.1-0.5 wt % with respect to the fibers for good results.

Abstract: For cotton spinning, use is made of a treatment agent containing silicone with viscosity at 25.degree. C. of 10 centistokes or greater such as dimethylsilicone, end hydroxy modified dimethylsilicone or epoxy modified dimethylsilicone and an emulsifier such as polyoxyethylene alkylether or polyoxyethylene alkylphenylether. The treatment agent may also contain a cationic or non-ionic surface-active agent within a specified range of weight ratio. The treatment agent is applied to raw cotton during its bale opening or beating opener process at the rate of 0.001-2.0 wt %.

Abstract: A fluid-permeable agent for providing fluid-permeability to non-woven sheets of polyolefin fibers contains 50-95 wt % of aliphatic diethanol amide shown by Formula (A) given below and 5-50 wt % of polyoxyalkylene modified silicone shown by Formula (B) given below: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl or alkenyl group with 11-17 carbon atoms; and ##STR2## where x is an integer in the range of 1-10, y is an integer in the range of 7-100, a is an integer equal to or greater than 5, b is an integer equal to or less than 95, (a+b) is an integer equal to or less than 100 and R.sub.2 is H or alkyl group with 1-12 carbon atoms. The agent may additionally contain nonionic surfactants and salt of certain specified kinds and is applied at a rate of 0.1-5.0 wt % with respect to the fibers for good results.