Abstract: An optical intensity modulation having a periodicity in the temporal domain is applied on an optical state of an original display image, being displayed on a projection screen or a display screen, that takes into account a human temporal frequency contrast sensitivity characteristics, so that an optical state variation that is independent of the original display image would appear in an image recorded by capturing the display image using an image capturing apparatus, while the optical state variation in the display image being directly viewed remains imperceptible.

Abstract: An optical state modulation method is provided. The method comprises steps of periodically modulating luminance of a visible light in temporal domain so as to generate an optical state variation on a recorded image that is obtained by image-capturing of a displayed image, the visible light being superposed on an original display image to produce the displayed image, the optical state variation being independent of an original display image and generating no hampering effect when the displayed image is directly watched.

Abstract: An optical state modulation method is provided. The method comprises a step of periodically modulating luminance of an original display image in temporal domain so as to present an optical state variation, which is independent of the original display image and does not hamper direct watching thereof, on a recorded image obtained through image-capturing of the original display image.

Abstract: A control device for front and rear wheel drive vehicles, in which one of front and rear wheel pairs is driven with an engine and the other one of front and rear wheel pairs is driven with an electrical motor, and a torque converter with a lock-up mechanism capable of controlling the engagement amount is disposed between the engine and the one of wheel pairs, the control device comprising: a lock-up control means 68 and 69 for controlling the lock-up mechanism in such a manner that the engagement amount is changed to the target slip amount to be set in accordance with driving conditions of the front and rear wheel drive vehicle; a motor drive power setting means 61, 62 and 63 which sets the drive power of the motor; a compensation means (a target slip ratio setting unit) 67 which compensates the target slip amount according to the motor drive power set by the motor drive power setting means.

Abstract: The invention provides a display control apparatus and a display control method wherein, where digital gradation display is performed, occurrences of a moving picture pseudo contour can be reduced simply. A signal production circuit produces a signal for driving a display section so that light of divisional light amounts obtained by dividing light amounts corresponding to bits which compose digital values which are pixel values may be emitted in a such manner as to be distributed within a time corresponding to one screen. In this instance, where both of a first light amount corresponding to a predetermined bit and a second light amount corresponding to a bit in a lower order by one bit to the bit are divided, the first and second light amounts are divided so that the division number of the first light amount may be smaller than twice the division number of the second light amount.

Abstract: A non-membrane type electrolytic cell (10) comprises an anode plate (16, 20) and a cathode plate (18) which are arranged opposite to each other with an electrically insulating spacer (22) sandwiched therebetween. The spacer (22) is formed of plastics having a water absorption of not more than 0.3%, preferably not more than 0.2%, more preferably not more than 0.01%. Deposition of scale, such as calcium carbonate, on the spacer (22) is prevented.

Abstract: An electrolyzer for producing alkaline and/or acidic water by way of electrolysis of water. In order to remove scale such as calcium carbonate deposited on the electrodes of the electrolytic cell (36) during electrolysis, the control unit (166) operates a polarity reversal switch (186) at a predetermined timing to reverse the electric potential applied to the electrodes of the electrolytic cell (36). The control unit (166) includes means (190/192) for detecting the hardness of water and varies the duration of application of DC voltage of opposite polarity in accordance with the hardness of water. Hardness of water is preferably determined by detecting the electric conductivity of water. Time required for removal of scale is shortened.