Abstract: A resist composition which generates an acid upon exposure, and whose solubility in a developing solution is changed due to an action of the acid, the resist composition including a base material component whose solubility in the developing solution is changed due to the action of the acid, and an acid generator component which generates the acid upon exposure, in which the acid generator component contains two kinds of compounds.

Abstract: A resist composition which generates acid upon exposure and exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution under action of acid, and which includes a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution under action of acid and an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure, the acid-generator component (B) including a compound (B1) represented by general formula (b1) shown below (in general formula (b1), Rb1 represents a bridged alicyclic group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms and containing a polar group; Yb1 represents a linear hydrocarbon group of 9 or more carbon atoms which may have a substituent excluding at least one member selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon group and a vinyl group; Vb1 represents a fluorinated alkylene group; m represents an integer of 1 or more; and Mm+ represents an organic cation having a valency of m).

Abstract: Using a resist composition which exhibits decreased solubility in an organic solvent upon exposure, patterning is conducted by a negative-tone development using a developing solution containing an organic solvent to form a first resist pattern on the substrate, wherein the first resist pattern is composed of a plurality of exposed portions. Then, a pattern reversing composition containing an organic solvent which does not dissolve the first resist pattern is applied to the substrate on which the first resist pattern has been formed, to form a pattern reversing film. Next, the first resist pattern is removed and patterning of the pattern reversing film is conducted by an alkali developing to form a reversed pattern in which the image of the first resist pattern is reversed.

Abstract: A negative tone resist composition for solvent developing including: a base component (A) which exhibits decreased solubility in an organic solvent under the action of acid; a photodecomposable quencher (D0) which generates acid having a pKa of 2.0 or more; and a fluorine additive (F) containing a fluorine-containing polymeric compound (f) which has a structural unit (f0-1) represented by general formula (f0-1) shown below or a structural unit (f0-2) represented by general formula (f0-2) shown below. In the formulae, R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and Rf1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a fluorine atom.

Abstract: A resist composition which generates acid upon exposure and exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution under the action of acid, the resist composition including: a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution under the action of acid and an acid generator component (B) which generates an acid upon exposure, the base component (A) including a polymeric compound (A1) having a structural unit (a0) containing an acid decomposable group that exhibits increased polarity by the action of acid and a lactone-containing cyclic group, an —SO2— containing cyclic group or a carbonate-containing cyclic group, and the acid generator component (B) including an acid generator (B1) containing a compound having a nitrogen atom exhibiting a proton acceptor property and an acid generating site capable of generating an acid upon exposure in the same molecule thereof.

Abstract: Using a resist composition which exhibits decreased solubility in an organic solvent upon exposure, patterning is conducted by a negative-tone development using a developing solution containing an organic solvent to form a first resist pattern on the substrate, wherein the first resist pattern is composed of a plurality of exposed portions. Then, a pattern reversing composition containing an organic solvent which does not dissolve the first resist pattern is applied to the substrate on which the first resist pattern has been formed, to form a pattern reversing film. Next, the first resist pattern is removed and patterning of the pattern reversing film is conducted by an alkali developing to form a reversed pattern in which the image of the first resist pattern is reversed.

Abstract: A negative tone resist composition for solvent developing including: a base component (A) which exhibits decreased solubility in an organic solvent under the action of acid; a photodecomposable quencher (D0) which generates acid having a pKa of 2.0 or more; and a fluorine additive (F) containing a fluorine-containing polymeric compound (f) which has a structural unit (f0-1) represented by general formula (f0-1) shown below or a structural unit (f0-2) represented by general formula (f0-2) shown below. In the formulae, R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and Rf1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a fluorine atom.

Abstract: A resist composition which generates acid upon exposure and exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution under the action of acid, the resist composition including: a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution under the action of acid and an acid generator component (B) which generates an acid upon exposure, the base component (A) including a polymeric compound (A1) having a structural unit (a0) containing an acid decomposable group that exhibits increased polarity by the action of acid and a lactone-containing cyclic group, an —SO2— containing cyclic group or a carbonate-containing cyclic group, and the acid generator component (B) including an acid generator (B1) containing a compound having a nitrogen atom exhibiting a proton acceptor property and an acid generating site capable of generating an acid upon exposure in the same molecule thereof.

Abstract: A setting device of a force feedback type has an operating unit commonly used to set a plurality of control items of an electronic device. To provide a different sensation to the operating unit depending on the control items, a force feedback pattern for an airflow rate setting is provided to a rotary knob, which is the operating unit, so that an operation of the rotary knob to rotate beyond an upper limit or a lower limit of an airflow rate range is restricted, and a force feedback pattern for the air outlet setting is provided to the rotary knob so that a rotational operation of the rotary knob is not restricted.

Abstract: There is provided a haptic feedback input device of which a manipulation section is not vertically tilted even when a vertical impact is applied to a vehicle body. As support means for supporting a coupled body 16 of a manipulation section 6 and a motor 8 to be tiltable only in the horizontal direction, a pair of tilt axes 19 protruded from the upper and lower portions of a front engine cover 12 and a pair of tongues 20, which are provided inside a rear case 4 and which has an axial bore 20A into which the tilt axis 19 is rotatably inserted, are provided.

Abstract: A setting device of a force feedback type has an operating unit commonly used to set a plurality of control items of an electronic device. To provide a different sensation to the operating unit depending on the control items, a force feedback pattern for an airflow rate setting is provided to a rotary knob, which is the operating unit, so that an operation of the rotary knob to rotate beyond an upper limit or a lower limit of an airflow rate range is restricted, and a force feedback pattern for the air outlet setting is provided to the rotary knob so that a rotational operation of the rotary knob is not restricted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus with a charging member which charges an image bearer with a photoconductive surface. Forming a layer containing ferroelectric as part on the charging member, and applying the electric field formed by dipoles of the ferroelectric, the photosensitive member surface is electrified, thereby downsizing a charger and reducing power consumption thereof are achieved for realizing low-cost and reducing the number of consumable parts sufficiently.

Abstract: In an image forming portion, a grounded, drum-shaped photosensitive member rotating in a predetermined direction is provided. Arranged around the photosensitive member are a charger, an exposure unit, a developing unit, a cleaning unit, an erasing unit and a transfer roller with a ferroelectric layer formed on the surface thereof. The ferroelectric laminated transfer roller includes a grounded, metal core of aluminum, a conductive rubber layer of an elastomer having a volume resistivity of 105′&OHgr;•cm or below with a thickness of about 3 mm, molded in a roller shape formed on the metal core and a ferroelectric element having a film thickness of some &mgr;m to some tens of micrometers, coating the surface of the conductive rubber layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus with a charging member which charges an image bearer with a photoconductive surface. Forming a layer containing ferroelectric as part on the charging member, and applying the electric field formed by dipoles of the ferroelectric, the photosensitive member surface is electrified, thereby downsizing a charger and reducing power consumption thereof are achieved for realizing low-cost and reducing the number of consumable parts sufficiently.

Abstract: In an image forming portion, a grounded, drum-shaped photosensitive member rotating in the direction of the arrow is provided. Arranged around the photosensitive member are a charger, exposure unit, developing unit, cleaning unit, erasing unit and transfer roller with a ferroelectric layer of the present invention formed on the surface thereof. This ferroelectric laminated transfer roller is comprised of a grounded, metal core of aluminum, a conductive rubber layer (of an elastomer having a volume resistivity of 105 &OHgr;.cm or below with a thickness of 3 mm, molded in a roller-shape) formed on the metal core and a ferroelectric element (film) having a film thickness of some pm to some tens of micrometers, coating over the surface of the conductive rubber layer.

Abstract: A transfer apparatus having a photoconductor drum for holding thereon an image formed by toner charged with a negative polarity and a transfer roller disposed opposite the photoconductor drum, in which paper is fed to an area where the photoconductor drum and the transfer roller face each other and the toner image on the photoconductor drum is transferred to the paper by using a unidirectional transfer electric field formed by the transfer roller. The transfer roller also serves as charge supply control device for supplying a charge to the toner held on the photoconductor drum to thereby substantially neutralize the charge of the toner while retaining the negative polarity of the toner.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a transfer drum which attracts and holds a transfer paper electrostatically. A voltage is applied to a conductive layer provided on an inner side of the transfer drum, and a grounded conductive electrode member is pressed against a dielectric layer provided on an outer side of the transfer drum through the transfer paper. A toner image formed on a photosensitive drum is transferred onto the transfer paper when the transfer paper is wound around the transfer drum and brought into contact with the photosensitive drum. The image forming apparatus further includes a member which charges the transfer paper in a polarity reversed to a polarity of the transfer drum, so that the transfer drum can attract the transfer sheet electrostatically in a satisfactory manner. The image forming apparatus further includes a charge control mechanism for controlling the amount of charges on the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a transfer drum which attracts and holds a transfer paper electrostatically. A voltage is applied to a conductive layer provided on an inner side of the transfer drum, and a grounded conductive electrode member is pressed against a dielectric layer provided on an outer side of the transfer drum through the transfer paper. A toner image formed on a photosensitive drum is transferred onto the transfer paper when the transfer paper is wound around the transfer drum and brought into contact with the photosensitive drum. The image forming apparatus further includes an upstream member or layer on the electrode member which charges the transfer paper in a polarity reversed to a polarity of the transfer drum, so that the transfer drum can attract the transfer sheet electrostatically in a satisfactory manner.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a transfer drum which attracts and holds a transfer paper electrostatically. A voltage is applied to a conductive layer provided on an inner side of the transfer drum, and a grounded conductive electrode member is pressed against a dielectric layer provided on an outer side of the transfer drum through the transfer paper. A toner image formed on a photosensitive drum is transferred onto the transfer paper when the transfer paper is wound around the transfer drum and brought into contact with the photosensitive drum. A nip time changing controller changes the amount of time that a transfer sheet is in the nip between the transfer drum and the grounded conductive electrode member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a transfer drum which attracts and holds a transfer paper electrostatically. A voltage is applied to a conductive layer provided on an inner side of the transfer drum, and a grounded conductive electrode member is pressed against a dielectric layer provided on an outer side of the transfer drum through the transfer paper. A toner image formed on a photosensitive drum is transferred onto the transfer paper when the transfer paper is wound around the transfer drum and brought into contact with the photosensitive drum. The image forming apparatus further includes a member which charges the transfer paper in a polarity reversed to a polarity of the transfer drum, so that the transfer drum can attract the transfer sheet electrostatically in a satisfactory manner.