Abstract: Behind an electronic circuit, a thermally anisotropic main backing is provided. The main backing has two outer surfaces (low thermal conductivity surfaces) perpendicular to an X direction. In a first gap located adjacent to one of the outer surfaces, an FPC and a first group of electric components are arranged. In a second gap located adjacent to the other one of the outer surfaces, the FPC and a second group of electric components are arranged.

Abstract: Behind an electronic circuit, an auxiliary backing having a first thermal anisotropic property is provided. A main backing having a second thermal anisotropic property different from the first thermal anisotropic property is provided behind the auxiliary backing. In the main backing, each of two outer surfaces perpendicular to a Y direction functions as a heat output surface. Heat is transferred from these two outer surfaces to a shell, which is a heat absorbing member.

Abstract: Behind an electronic circuit, a backing member is provided. The backing member is composed of an auxiliary backing having a first thermal anisotropic property, and a main backing having a second thermal anisotropic property different from the first thermal anisotropic property. The auxiliary backing exhibits a heat diffusion effect in an X direction. The main backing exhibits a heat transfer effect in a Y direction.

Abstract: Behind an electronic circuit, a main backing is provided. The main backing has two outer surfaces (high thermal conductivity surfaces) perpendicular to a Y direction, and two outer surfaces (low thermal conductivity surfaces) perpendicular to an X direction. The two outer surfaces perpendicular to the Y direction are joined to a shell head, which is a heat absorbing member. A temperature sensor is provided on a specific one of the outer surfaces perpendicular to the Y direction. The shell head has a recess in which the temperature sensor is received.

Abstract: A backing 20 includes a lead array 24a that electrically connects each vibration element 12 and a plurality of ICs 32. Each bump 42 provided at a lower end portion of each lead 24 is connected to a conductor pad on an upper side surface of a relay substrate 26, and a ball-shaped terminal 44 of each IC 32 is connected to a lower surface of the relay substrate 26. The lower end portions of the leads 24 are grouped into a plurality of dense groups 46 corresponding to each IC 32 in a longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) by wiring patterns of the leads.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ultrasound probe wherein a backing having built-in lead arrays is disposed on the rear surface side of a transducer array, and backing terminal arrays connected to the lead arrays are provided on the lower surface of the backing. A relay substrate is provided between the backing and an electronic substrate. The relay substrate is provided with electrode section arrays corresponding to the backing terminal arrays. An electrode section includes: a substrate terminal connected to a backing terminal; a via for substrate internal wiring, said via being formed at a position shifted from the substrate terminal; and a conducting path that connects the substrate terminal and the via to each other. The electrode section arrays include a transmission electrode section array, and a reception electrode section array. The shift direction of the transmission electrode section array and that of the reception electrode section array are different from each other.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ultrasound probe wherein a backing having built-in lead arrays is disposed on the rear surface side of a transducer array, and backing terminal arrays connected to the lead arrays are provided on the lower surface of the backing. A relay substrate is provided between the backing and an electronic substrate. The relay substrate is provided with electrode section arrays corresponding to the backing terminal arrays. An electrode section includes: a substrate terminal connected to a backing terminal; a via for substrate internal wiring, said via being formed at a position shifted from the substrate terminal; and a conducting path that connects the substrate terminal and the via to each other. The electrode section arrays include a transmission electrode section array, and a reception electrode section array. The shift direction of the transmission electrode section array and that of the reception electrode section array are different from each other.

Abstract: A sunshade device includes guide rails slidably supporting a shade panel so as to open and close an opening formed on a vehicle roof; and a shade stopper attached to each guide rail, regulating an opening action by allowing the shade panel to abut on the shade stopper, wherein the guide rail includes a rail-side flange or flanges arranged side by side in a height direction which extend toward an inner side in a width direction, the shade stopper includes retaining pieces extending toward an outer side in the width direction and sandwiching the rail-side flange in the height direction, and rail-side and retaining-piece side engaging projections projecting in the height direction to face each other and regulating a movement of the retaining piece in the inner side in the width direction are respectively formed in the rail-side flange and the retaining piece in one side.

Abstract: A sunshade device includes guide rails slidably supporting a shade panel so as to open and close an opening formed on a vehicle roof; and a shade stopper attached to each guide rail, regulating an opening action by allowing the shade panel to abut on the shade stopper, wherein the guide rail includes a rail-side flange or flanges arranged side by side in a height direction which extend toward an inner side in a width direction, the shade stopper includes retaining pieces extending toward an outer side in the width direction and sandwiching the rail-side flange in the height direction, and rail-side and retaining-piece side engaging projections projecting in the height direction to face each other and regulating a movement of the retaining piece in the inner side in the width direction are respectively formed in the rail-side flange and the retaining piece in one side.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus accurately detect a rotor angle of a DC brushless motor by using a first-order difference of a detected value of a phase current. A periodic signal causing the total sum of output voltages in three control cycles to become zero is superposed over a drive voltage under current feedback control. The drive voltage is held at a constant level during the three control cycles. The phase difference between an actual value and an estimated value of a rotor angle is calculated, using the first-order differential current in each control cycle, and the estimated value of the rotor angle is calculated by follow-up computation of an observer, using the phase difference.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling charging and discharging of an energy storage device. If the charging voltage that is applied exceeds a restriction determining voltage, the power value at that time is held as the charging power upper limit value. In addition, by multiplying a restriction coefficient by the charging power upper limit value while gradually reducing the restriction coefficient until the voltage drops below a restriction removal determining voltage. By setting its result as a control target value of the charging power, the charging power is gradually restricted. In contrast, if the applied charging voltage drops below the restriction removal determining voltage, the charging power is conversely gradually restored to its original state using a control target value obtained by multiplying the restriction coefficient by the charging power upper limit value while gradually increasing the restriction coefficient until the voltage equals or goes above the restriction determining voltage.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus accurately detect a rotor angle of a DC brushless motor by using a first-order difference of a detected value of a phase current. A periodic signal causing the total sum of output voltages in three control cycles to become zero is superposed over a drive voltage under current feedback control. The drive voltage is held at a constant level during the three control cycles. The phase difference between an actual value and an estimated value of a rotor angle is calculated, using the first-order differential current in each control cycle, and the estimated value of the rotor angle is calculated by follow-up computation of an observer, using the phase difference.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling charging and discharging of an energy storage device. If the charging voltage that is applied exceeds a restriction determining voltage, the power value at that time is held as the charging power upper limit value. In addition, by multiplying a restriction coefficient by the charging power upper limit value while gradually reducing the restriction coefficient until the voltage drops below a restriction removal determining voltage. By setting its result as a control target value of the charging power, the charging power is gradually restricted. In contrast, if the applied charging voltage drops below the restriction removal determining voltage, the charging power is conversely gradually restored to its original state using a control target value obtained by multiplying the restriction coefficient by the charging power upper limit value while gradually increasing the restriction coefficient until the voltage equals or goes above the restriction determining voltage.

Abstract: Peeling between a bonding pad and an insulating film which underlies the bonding pad is to be prevented. A laminate film constituted mainly by W which is higher in mechanical strength than a wiring layer using an Al alloy film as a main conductive layer and than a bonding pad, is formed within an aperture formed in silicon oxide films and is interposed between the wiring line and the bonding pad.

Abstract: Peeling between a bonding pad and an insulating film which underlies the bonding pad is to be prevented. A laminate film constituted mainly by W which is higher in mechanical strength than a wiring layer using an Al alloy film as a main conductive layer and than a bonding pad, is formed within an aperture formed in silicon oxide films and is interposed between the wiring line and the bonding pad.