Abstract: A concrete vibrator can automatically change the rotational speed of a motor depending on the state of a vibrating tube. Under control by a controller, the concrete vibrator is operated in a normal mode in which the motor is supplied with driving power having a frequency to make the motor rotate at a rotational speed suitable for air bubble removal, or in an idling mode in which the motor is supplied with driving power having a frequency to make the motor rotate at a lower rotational speed than in the normal mode. The controller measures, per unit of time, a value of a current that is input to the controller or motor, compares a latest current value to a reference value calculated based on a past measurement value, and compares an absolute value of the comparison value to a threshold to grasp the state of the vibrating tube.

Abstract: Provided is a concrete vibrator capable of automatically changing the rotational speed of a motor depending on the state of a vibrating tube and suitably avoiding overheating of the motor and a failure due to the motor overheating. Under control of control means 8, the concrete vibrator is operated in a normal mode in which a motor 2 is supplied with driving power having a frequency that can make the motor 2 rotate at a rotational speed suitable for an air bubble removing process, or in an idling mode in which the motor 2 is supplied with driving power having a frequency that can make the motor 2 rotate at a rotational speed lower than the rotational speed in the normal mode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for improving the processing efficiency of a processor in a multi-tasking processing system. A first scheduler generates an event processing unit by linking one or a plurality of events that are capable of being executed by the system under the same context. A second event scheduler performs processing of events that are included in the event processing unit created by the first event scheduler and processing that performs event switching not accompanied by context switching when processing of each event is terminated. A time-sharing system scheduler causes a processor to execute as tasks respectively the operation of the first and second event schedulers. The processing efficiency of the processor is improved by executing event switching not accompanied by context switching by the first and second event schedulers.

Abstract: A hermetic container used by an image display apparatus or the like is constituted of confronting substrates which are fixed together by a reinforcing member, and an inner space between the substrates is sealed by a sealing member. The reinforcing member is spaced apart from the sealing member to prevent breakage of the hermetic container to be caused by a difference between thermal expansion coefficients of materials.

Abstract: There is provided a vacuum envelope having at least a first substrate, a second substrate opposed to the first substrate with a predetermined distance thereto, and plural spacers positioned between the first and second substrates. A ratio ? is defined by S/A, in which A is the internal cross-sectional area of the vacuum envelope in a cross-section parallel to a plane of one substrate opposed to the other substrate and S is the total cross sectional area of the plural spacers on such cross section, and satisfies a relation 0.78%???7.8%.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a hermetically sealed container includes the steps of providing a first substrate, a second substrate and an outer frame disposed between the first and second substrates, and bonding the first substrate to the outer frame and the second substrate to the outer frame to form a hermetically sealed space. A ratio W/T of width W and thickness of T of the outer frame is set to an aspect ratio A, with A≧1.5, and with the width W measured in a direction substantially parallel with planar surfaces of the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A hermetic container used by an image display apparatus or the like is constituted of confronting substrates which are fixed together by a reinforcing member, and an inner space between the substrates is sealed by a sealing member. The reinforcing member is spaced apart from the sealing member to prevent breakage of the hermetic container to be caused by a difference between thermal expansion coefficients of materials.

Abstract: There is disclosed an outer frame structure suitable for a hermetically sealed structure, a hermetically sealed container in which slow leak is not easily generated and an image display using the container. In the hermetically sealed container comprising a front substrate, a back substrate disposed opposite to the front substrate, and an outer frame disposed in a peripheral portion between the front substrate and the back substrate, the front and back substrates, and the outer frame being bonded with an adhesive to form a hermetically sealed space. When a ratio W/T of width W and thickness T of the outer frame is set to an aspect ratio A of the outer frame, 1.5≦A.

Abstract: A vacuum container for a flat image display apparatus includes a rear substrate having an electron-emitting device mounted thereon, a face substrate arranged to face the rear substrate, having thereon a phosphor emitting light when the electron emitted from the electron-emitting device collides therewith, and an outer frame arranged between the dace substrate and the rear substrate. For this vacuum container, the outer frame is provided with a plurality of frame members. With the structure thus arranged, this vacuum container contributes significantly to manufacturing a light weight, but highly robust flat image display apparatus at lower cost. By providing a plurality of frame members for the outer frame portion, thinner substrates can be utilized with a good sealing mechanism, while securing the sufficient robustness of the edge circumference of the vacuum container.

Abstract: A hermetically sealed container includes a front substrate, a back substrate disposed opposite to the front substrate, and an outer frame disposed in a peripheral portion between the front substrate and the back substrate. The front and back substrates and the outer frame are bonded with an adhesive to form a hermetically sealed space. When a ratio W/T of width W and thickness of T of the outer frame is set to an aspect ratio A of the outer frame, 1.5≦A.

Abstract: A vacuum container for a flat image display apparatus comprises a rear substrate having an electron-emitting device mounted thereon, a face substrate arranged to face the rear substrate, having thereon a phosphor emitting light when the electron emitted from the electron-emitting device collides therewith; and an outer frame arranged between the face substrate and the rear substrate. For this vacuum container, the outer frame is provided with a plurality of frame members. With the structure thus arranged, this vacuum container contributes significantly to manufacturing a light weight, but highly robust flat image display apparatus at lower costs, because, with the provision of a plurality of frame members for the outer frame portion, thinner substrates can be utilized with a good sealing mechanism, while securing the sufficient robustness of the edge circumference of the vacuum container.

Abstract: There is provided a vacuum envelope having at least a first substrate, a second substrate opposed to the first substrate with a predetermined distance thereto, and plural spacers positioned between the first and second substrates, wherein a ratio &eegr; defined by S/A in which A is the internal cross sectional area of the vacuum envelope in a cross section parallel to the principal plane of the first or second substrates and S is the total cross sectional area of the plural spacers on such cross section satisfies a relation 0.018%≦&eegr;≦7.8%.

Abstract: A vacuum container for a flat image display apparatus comprises a rear substrate having an electron-emitting device mounted thereon, a face substrate arranged to face the rear substrate, having thereon a phosphor emitting light when the electron emitted from the electron-emitting device collides therewith; and an outer frame arranged between the face substrate and the rear substrate. For this vacuum container, the outer frame is provided with a plurality of frame members. With the structure thus arranged, this vacuum container contributes significantly to manufacturing a light weight, but highly robust flat image display apparatus at lower costs, because, with the provision of a plurality of frame members for the outer frame portion, thinner substrates can be utilized with a good sealing mechanism, while securing the sufficient robustness of the edge circumference of the vacuum container.

Abstract: There is provided a vacuum envelope having at least a first substrate, a second substrate opposed to the first substrate with a predetermined distance thereto, and plural spacers positioned between the first and second substrates A ratio &eegr; is defined by S/A, in which A is the internal cross-sectional area of the vacuum envelope in a cross-section parallel to a plane of one substrate opposed to the other substrate and S is the total cross sectional area of the plural spacers on such cross section, and satisfies a relation 0.78%≦&eegr;≦7.8%.