Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel stereoselective method for preparing a cyclic dinucleotide derivative and a production intermediate therefor, which can be used for an antibody-immunostimulant conjugate. Also provided is a method for producing a cyclic dinucleotide-linker and an antibody-immunostimulant conjugate while using the above production method. Further provided is a method for preparing a cyclic dinucleotide derivative, the method including the step of subjecting a compound (I) and a compound (IV) to stereoselective condensation using an optically active phosphitylating agent (Rc-II) or (Sc-II).

Abstract: An electrochemical measurement method is provided in which a working electrode that causes an oxidation-reduction reaction with a measurement target and a counter electrode connected to the working electrode are provided in an electrolytic solution containing the measurement target, and a measuring voltage is applied between the working electrode and the counter electrode to measure a current that flows between the working electrode and the counter electrode in proportion to the amount of the measurement target, wherein an eliminating electrode is provided in the electrolytic solution, and the method performs: eliminating the measurement target by applying an eliminating voltage, which has the same polarity as the measuring voltage, between the eliminating electrode and the counter electrode to oxidize or reduce the measurement target; diffusing a new measurement target; and measuring the current by applying the measuring voltage between the working electrode and the counter electrode.

Abstract: An air intake sound control structure comprises a sound guiding pipe, a sound producing body, and a silencing means. The sound guiding pipe is branched off from a branch portion formed on a part of an air intake flow passage of an automobile, communicating with the air intake flow passage. The sound producing body is held by the sound guiding pipe at the position spaced apart from the branch portion, thereby sealing the sound guiding pipe, and producing a sound at a frequency which corresponds to its own natural vibration frequency by its vibration. The silencing means is disposed on the side of the branch portion of the sound guiding pipe and canceling a sound at a target frequency for suppression out of the air intake sound. The sound generated by the vibration of the sound producing body is transmitted into a vehicle interior.

Abstract: A vehicle ventilation duct includes a duct body, a conduit, a sound absorption chamber, a transmission opening communicating the conduit with the sound absorption chamber, and an air-permeable member closing the transmission opening permeably. The duct body is disposed in a vehicle outer hull, and includes a frame having a ventilation opening opened to the outside of a vehicle and a valve element covering the ventilation opening openably and closably. The conduit is formed integrally with or independently of the duct body, is disposed on a vehicle-passenger-room side of the duct body, is communicated with the ventilation opening of the duct body, and is communicated with the inside of a vehicle passenger room, whereby enabling air inside and outside the vehicle to pass therethrough back and forth. Thus, the ventilation duct lets out air in the vehicle passenger room to the outside of the vehicle or vice versa.

Abstract: A noise absorbing structure for effectively absorbing noise in a wide frequency range includes a first noise absorbing portion that is hollow and includes one or more first holes. The structure further includes a second noise absorbing portion that is hollow and includes one or more second holes. The total area of the one or more first holes differs from the total area of the one or more second holes.

Abstract: A vehicle ventilation duct includes a duct body, a conduit, a sound absorption chamber, a transmission opening communicating the conduit with the sound absorption chamber, and an air-permeable member closing the transmission opening permeably. The duct body is disposed in a vehicle outer hull, and includes a frame having a ventilation opening opened to the outside of a vehicle and a valve element covering the ventilation opening openably and closably. The conduit is formed integrally with or independently of the duct body, is disposed on a vehicle-passenger-room side of the duct body, is communicated with the ventilation opening of the duct body, and is communicated with the inside of a vehicle passenger room, whereby enabling air inside and outside the vehicle to pass therethrough back and forth. Thus, the ventilation duct lets out air in the vehicle passenger room to the outside of the vehicle or vice versa.

Abstract: A wheel cap is detachably joined to a disc wheel and having air discharge openings formed in the outer periphery thereof. The wheel cap has a plurality of radial fins provided for the reverse side of the wheel cap and formed from the wheel cap center toward the outside. Further, the wheel cap has an annular air suction opening, and a center plate disposed more adjacent to the center thereof as compared with the air suction opening. The inner distance between the innermost wall of the air suction opening and the center of the wheel cap is shorter than securing distance between a hub nut for securing the disc wheel to an axle hub and the center of the disc wheel.

Abstract: A wheel cap is detachably joined to a disc wheel and having air discharge openings formed in the outer periphery thereof. The wheel cap has a plurality of radial fins provided for the reverse side of the wheel cap and formed from the wheel cap center toward the outside. Further, the wheel cap has an annular air suction opening, and a center plate disposed more adjacent to the center thereof as compared with the air suction opening. The inner distance between the innermost wall of the air suction opening and the center of the wheel cap is shorter than securing distance between a hub nut for securing the disc wheel to an axle hub and the center of the disc wheel.

Abstract: A wheel cap is detachably joined to a disc wheel and having air discharge openings formed in the outer periphery thereof. The wheel cap has a plurality of radial fins provided for the reverse side of the wheel cap and formed from the wheel cap center toward the outside. Further, the wheel cap has an annular air suction opening, and a center plate disposed more adjacent to the center thereof as compared with the air suction opening. The inner distance between the innermost wall of the air suction opening and the center of the wheel cap is shorter than securing distance between a hub nut for securing the disc wheel to an axle hub and the center of the disc wheel.