Abstract: Inside an outer frame, which is interposed at between opposedly facing peripheries between a back substrate and a front substrate, there is an inner frame which fixes both end portions of plate member control electrodes, which are constituted of a large number of parallel strip-like electrode elements. By integrally forming the plate member control electrodes such that the plate member control electrodes are fixed to both end portions of a display region, a single part is formed. Further, a getter chamber is formed between the outer frame and the inner frame and getters are accommodated in the getter chamber. Due to such a constitution, the operability and yield rate of products at the time of assembling can be enhanced. Further, it is possible to hold a desired degree of vacuum in the space between the substrates for a long time.

Abstract: To detect a dark current when an abnormal discharge occurs between an anode and respective electrodes, on an inner surface of a front substrate, a dark current detection electrode is formed in a state that the dark current detection electrode is positioned adjacent to the outside of a screen display region on which an anode is formed and on a plane substantially equal to a plane on which the anode is formed. Then, between an electrode terminal of the dark current detection electrode and a ground, an ammeter which detects the flow of a dark current and a DC power source having a preset voltage value which is more or less lower than a high voltage supplied to the anode are connected in series.

Abstract: Using a cathode material with which an electron emission having sufficient intensity is obtained with a low electric field, over a back substrate, cathodes and first control electrodes are formed on the same plane, which is parallel to the back substrate, thus forming electron beam sources, and second control electrodes, which focus electrons taken out from the electron beam sources, are formed, whereby it is possible to obtain an image display of high brightness.

Abstract: A field strength between a control electrode in a non-aperture region and an electron emission layer is set such that an emission current between the electron emission layer and the control electrode assumes a value equal to or less than a threshold emission current density. On the other hand, a surface field strength of the electron emission layer in an aperture region is set such that, to obtain the desired brightness, an emission current between the electron emission layer and an anode becomes an operational current density.

Abstract: There are provided a tape printing apparatus that is capable of enhancing the operability thereof in inputting text data by providing an edit area aside from a text data input area where text data can be input, on a display screen, and a data input processing method therefor. The inputted data is recognized in a manner distinguishing between data within the maximum printable number of lines and data in excess of the maximum printable number of lines. Of the inputted data, there are displayed not only the data recognized to be within the maximum printable number of lines but also data of a predetermined number of lines in excess of the maximum printable number of lines.

Abstract: For absorbing a high voltage when an abnormal discharge is generated between an anode and another electrode, between an anode ADE and a control electrode G1, a surge current absorbing electrode G2 which has a plurality of electron beam passing holes AHL which allow electron beams to pass therethrough is arranged, and a DC bias power source DCG and a spark gap SG are connected in parallel between the surge current absorbing electrode G2 and a ground surface.

Abstract: In a display device which includes a back substrate, a face substrate, a support body which is interposed between both substrates and surrounds a display region, thus forming an inner space, and a sealing material is provided which hermetically seals the support body and both substrates, thereby to provide a display device having a long lifetime and in which the desired degree of vacuum can be ensured in the inner spaces. A partition wall body is arranged substantially in parallel at the outside of the display region and at the inside of the support body, and getters are arranged in a space defined between the partition wall body and the support body.

Abstract: In an image display device, assuming a distance between electron sources and control electrodes as Lkg, a distance between the control electrodes and acceleration electrodes as L12, a thickness of opening holes formed in the control electrodes as Tg1 and a short diameter of the opening holes formed in the control electrodes as FG1, the acceleration electrodes satisfy the relationship (Lkg+Tg1+L12/2)/FG1≧0.25, assuming a thickness of the opening holes formed in the acceleration electrodes as Tg2 and a short diameter of the opening holes formed in the acceleration electrodes as FG2, the acceleration electrodes satisfy the relationship Tg2min≦Tg2≦Tg2max and the relationship Tg2min=2.98FG2−0.04, assuming FG2<0.109, the acceleration electrodes satisfy the relationship Tg2max=0.02/(0.115−FG2)−0.06, and assuming FG2≧0.109, the acceleration electrodes satisfy the relationship Tg2max=0.03/(FG2−0.1)+0.045.

Abstract: To realize a field emission type image display device which can obtain a high current density at low voltage driving, assuming a diagonal screen size of the display region as D(mm), the number of the pixels which are arranged in the x direction as Nh, the number of the pixels which are arranged in the y direction as Nv, a distance between the electron passing apertures formed in the strip-like electrode elements which constitute the control electrodes as db(mm), a distance between the electron source and the strip-like electrode element as Lkg(mm), and an aperture diameter of the electron passing apertures as &phgr;G(mm),

Abstract: To provide a display device having the long lifetime and the high reliability by preventing the generation of a spark or a dark current between terminals of cathode lines and an anode, a shielding member is arranged between the terminals of the cathode lines and the anode so as to ensure shielding between the terminals and the anode.

Abstract: A field emission type display device adopts the structure in which one pixel is constituted of a combination of a plurality of small apertures and a plurality of small electron sources. Due to such a constitution, it is possible to reduce undesired electrons to control electrodes and to enhance of the heat resistance of the carbon nanotubes of electron sources, whereby it is possible to obtain a display device of high quality and long lifetime exhibiting the high-performance electron emission characteristic. Boron (B) is adhered to carbon nanotubes which constitute electron sources through the small apertures of the control electrodes and hence, the alignment of the small apertures and the small electron sources is ensured and the area of the electron source is set equal to or less than the area of the aperture.

Abstract: There is provided a tape printing apparatus which is capable of positively discharging a cut-off tape strip of a tape material out of the apparatus by forcibly discharging the same, thereby preventing jamming and double cutting of the tape material. A full-cutting device for cutting a printed strip off the tape material is arranged at a location downstream of a printing section in a tape-feeding direction. A half-cutting device carries out half-cutting of the tape material. A tape discharge device forcibly discharges the cut-off tape strip out of the apparatus via a tape exit.

Abstract: To ensure sufficient electron source regions on cathode lines formed on a back substrate, cathode lines are divided into line portions and cathode portions, wherein the line portions are made narrow to a width which is a required minimum for transmitting signals and an area of the cathode portions which form an electron source is formed in a wide island shape.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube has an electron gun including three in-line cathodes, first and second grid electrodes arranged in the order named, and plural electrodes for focusing three electron beams from the cathodes onto the phosphor screen. The following inequalities are satisfied: E≦1.4A−0.2B−2.7C−2D, and A≦0.35 mm, where A (mm) is a diameter of an electron-beam transmissive aperture in the first grid electrode, B (mm) is a diameter of an electron-beam transmissive aperture in the second grid electrode, C (mm) is a thickness of a portion of the first grid electrode immediately surrounding the electron-beam transmissive aperture in the first grid electrode, D (mm) is a spacing between the cathodes and the electron-beam transmissive aperture in the first grid electrode, and E (mm) is a spacing between the first grid electrode and the second grid electrode.

Abstract: A tape printing apparatus is provided which has a high flexibility in the combination of half-cutting and full-cutting, and is capable of cutting a tape material as desired. A tape feeding section feeds a tape material in the form of a laminate of a printing tape and a peel-off paper. A printing section prints on the tape material being fed by the tape feeding means. A full-cutting device is arranged at a location downstream of the printing section in a tape-feeding direction, for cutting off the tape material. A half-cutting device is arranged at a location downstream of the printing device, for carrying out half-cutting to cut off one of the printing tape and the peel-off tape of the tape material. A control section individually and separately controls the tape feeding section, the printing section, the full-cutting device, and the half-cutting device.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material made by molding and curing a composition comprised of a fibrous base, a binder, and a filler has a 100 Hz vibration damping factor (tan &dgr;) at 300° C. minus tan &dgr; at 50° C. value of at least −0.030. The binder may be a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin, a resin mixture of a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin and a rubber-modified phenolic resin, or a resin mixture of two or more rubber-modified phenolic resins. The friction material has an excellent and long-lasting noise performance, and good wear resistance, functional stability, and fade resistance. The rapid curability of the composition enables a short molding cycle.

Abstract: A character information processor including display means having a display area in which a limitation is imposed on an allowable number of lines of a character string to be displayed, including: means for dividing the display area into at least a function display region and a guidance display region in a function mode in which a function is selected; and means for displaying, at the function display region, options of a function menu in a hierarchical manner, and for displaying, at the guidance display region, an explanatory sentence corresponding to an option designated out of the options displayed at the function display region.

Abstract: There are provided a tape printing apparatus and a tape printing method, which are capable of setting or determining whether or not half-cutting should be carried out, based on the detected type of a tape set for use, as well as a cutting device capable of detecting the type of a tape-shaped member, and setting whether or not the tape-shaped member should be cut, based on the detected type of the tape-shaped member, a tape printing apparatus incorporating the device, and a method for the cutting device. The tape printing apparatus has a half-cutting function of cutting only a peel layer of a tape-shaped member formed of an image-receiving layer and the peel layer and by using a half-cutting tape cutter in the direction of the width of the tape-shaped member. The type of the tape-shaped member is detected. Whether or not the half-cutting tape cutter is driven, based on a result of the detection. Printing is carried out on the tape-shaped member.

Abstract: There are provided a character input apparatus and a tape printing apparatus incorporating the character input apparatus as well as a character input method, which are capable of easily preparing a desired document by calling a design form having a sample text input therein in advance and then editing contents of the sample text. A plurality of design forms each having a sample text input therein in advance are stored, and one design form is selected from the plurality of stored design forms. The sample text of the selected one design form is edited. The sample text of the selected one design form or the edited sample text is displayed on a screen. At the same time, the sample text is also displayed with a cursor added to a character to be edited. In an initial state before editing, the sample text is displayed with the cursor added to a last character thereof.

Abstract: There are provided a label producing method and apparatus which is capable of easily producing an index tab label which has front and rear faces thereof printed with indexes partially different from each other. According to the label producing method and apparatus, when an index tab label is produced which has character strings printed on opposite sides of an imaginary center line thereof, and is capable of forming an index tab by being folded along the imaginary center line and affixed such that the index tab has the character strings printed on a front face and a rear face thereof as a front index and a rear index for affixation to an object article, a front side character string is entered and edited for forming the front index printed on the front face of the index tab. The front side character string is copied to form a draft of a rear side character string for forming the rear index printed on the rear face of the index tab.