Abstract: A fluid circuit includes first switching valve that switches between flow passages and first flow passages according to a change in a fluid pressure to be applied, a second switching valve that is switched to a flow passage which applies the fluid pressure to the first switching valve, when a piston has reached an initial position or an end position, and second flow passages. A biasing force of a biasing member when the piston reaches the end position is smaller than a pressing force acting on the piston due to the fluid pressure caused by a fluid supply device, and a biasing force of the biasing member when the piston reaches the initial position is larger than a sum of a flow passage resistance force acting on the first flow passages and a flow passage resistance force acting on the second flow passages.

Abstract: A first switching valve that switches between flow passages which allow communication between a first pressure-receiving chamber and a fluid supply device side and flow passages which allow communication between a second pressure-receiving chamber and the fluid supply device side, according to a change in a fluid pressure to be applied, and a second switching valve that is switched to flow passages which apply the fluid pressure to the first switching valve, are provided. The second switching valve includes return device, and is provided to be reciprocatable between an operation position to which the second switching valve is moved by a stroke of a piston and a return position to which the second switching valve is moved by the return device. The piston and the second switching valve are movable independently of each other.

Abstract: A medium conveying apparatus conveyable a passport includes a guide pair including a first guide, and a second guide located so as to sandwich a medium conveyance path together with the first guide, to regulate a vertical direction of the medium conveyance path, a light emitting element located on an outside of the medium conveyance path with one of the first guide or the second guide in between to detect the medium, a light receiving element located on an outside of the medium conveyance path with the first guide in between, to receive a light emitted by the light emitting element, and an opening provided in the first guide, to pass the light emitted from the light emitting element. A reflectivity in a periphery of the opening of the first guide is 55% or less.

Abstract: A medium conveying apparatus conveyable a passport includes a guide pair including a first guide, and a second guide located so as to sandwich a medium conveyance path together with the first guide, to regulate a vertical direction of the medium conveyance path, a light emitting element located on an outside of the medium conveyance path with one of the first guide or the second guide in between to detect the medium, a light receiving element located on an outside of the medium conveyance path with the first guide in between, to receive a light emitted by the light emitting element, and an opening provided in the first guide, to pass the light emitted from the light emitting element. A reflectivity in a periphery of the opening of the first guide is 55% or less.