Abstract: A cholesteric liquid crystal mixture containing a compound represented by Z1—Y1-A1-Y3-M1-Y4-A2-Y2—Z2, a compound represented by Z3—Y5-A3-Y7-M2-P, and a tri- or higher functional polymerizable monomer suppresses deposition of a liquid crystal at the time of forming a film, exhibits a wide characteristic reflection bandwidth of the film. Z1 to Z3 represent a polymerizable group; A1 to A3 represent an alkylene spacer having a chain of 1 to 30 atoms; M1 and M2 represent (-T1-Y8)n-T2-; n indicates a natural number; T1 and T2 represent a hydrocarbon or heterocyclic ring; Y1 to Y5, Y7 and Y8 represent a single bond, —O—, —CO—, —O—CO—, —CO—O— or —O—CO—O—; and P represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.

Abstract: A polymerizable liquid-crystal compound of formula (I) effective for preventing crystal deposition after coating with polymerizable liquid crystal (II) or a polymerizable liquid crystal similar thereto. P represents a polymerizable functional group; Sp represents a spacer or a single bond; Z1 and Z2 each represent —CO—O—; R0 represents a linear alkyl group having 1-15 carbon atoms; R2, R3 and R4 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1-4 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms, an acyloxy group having 2-5 carbon atoms, an acyl group having 2-4 carbon atoms, an amide group having 2-5 carbon atoms, a cyano group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, or a halogen atom; r1, r2 and r3 indicate an integer from 0-4; when r1, r2 and r3 each are 2 or more, then R2, R3 and R4 each may be the same or different; however, when R0 is a methyl group, then r2 is not 1.

Abstract: A cholesteric liquid-crystal mixture containing a compound represented by the general formula (Ia), a compound represented by the general formula (Ib), a fluorine-containing horizontal alignment agent and a polymerization initiator is capable of forming a film which is prevented from precipitation of liquid-crystal compounds therein, of which the haze is reduced and which has a broad reflection width.

Abstract: A cholesteric liquid crystal mixture containing a compound represented by Z1-Y1-A1-Y3-M1-Y4-A2-Y2-Z2, a compound represented by Z3-Y5-A3-Y7-M2-P, and a tri- or higher functional polymerizable monomer suppresses deposition of a liquid crystal at the time of forming a film, exhibits a wide characteristic reflection bandwidth of the film. Z1 to Z3 represent a polymerizable group; A1 to A3 represent an alkylene spacer having a chain of 1 to 30 atoms; M1 and M2 represent (-T1-Y8)n-T2-; n indicates a natural number; T1 and T2 represent a hydrocarbon or heterocyclic ring; Y1 to Y5, Y7 and Y8 represent a single bond, —O—, —CO—, —O—CO—, —CO—O— or —O—CO—O—; and P represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.

Abstract: A cholesteric liquid-crystal mixture containing a compound represented by the general formula (Ia), a compound represented by the general formula (Ib), a fluorine-containing horizontal alignment agent and a polymerization initiator is capable of forming a film which is prevented from precipitation of liquid-crystal compounds therein, of which the haze is reduced and which has a broad reflection width.

Abstract: A polymerizable liquid-crystal compound of formula (I) effective for preventing crystal deposition after coating with polymerizable liquid crystal (II) or a polymerizable liquid crystal similar thereto. P represents a polymerizable functional group; Sp represents a spacer or a single bond; Z1 and Z2 each represent —CO—O—; R0 represents a linear alkyl group having 1-15 carbon atoms; R2, R3 and R4 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1-4 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms, an acyloxy group having 2-5 carbon atoms, an acyl group having 2-4 carbon atoms, an amide group having 2-5 carbon atoms, a cyano group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, or a halogen atom; r1, r2 and r3 indicate an integer from 0-4; when r1, r2 and r3 each are 2 or more, then R2, R3 and R4 each may be the same or different; however, when R0 is a methyl group, then r2 is not 1.

Abstract: A color filter for use in a light-emitting display element which emits at least white light, the color filter including a circularly polarizing layer which includes a polarizing layer, the polarizing layer having an orientation layer and a liquid crystal compound layer, wherein the circularly polarizing layer is formed only in an optical path of the white light.

Abstract: A color filter for use in a light-emitting display element which emits at least white light, the color filter including a circularly polarizing layer which includes a polarizing layer, the polarizing layer having an orientation layer and a liquid crystal compound layer, wherein the circularly polarizing layer is formed only in an optical path of the white light.

Abstract: A polarizing film, satisfying DI?/P??4.3×10?4 which expresses relation between degree of polarization P?, and depolarization index DI? calculated by the equation below is disclosed. X represents a value calculated by the equation below, provided that a polarizing plate having degree of polarization of P, the polarizing film, and a polarizing plate having degree of polarization P, having azimuths of transmission axes of a°, b° and c°, respectively, are stacked in this order as viewed from a light source, to give brightness written as [a/b/c].

Abstract: An optical film includes: a polarizer having an absorption axis; and at least three retardation films, each having a slow axis, wherein the absorption axis of the polarizer intersects the slow axis of each of the at least three retardation films at right angles and is parallel to the slow axis of each of the at least three retardation films, the slow axis of each of the at least three retardation films are parallel to each other, a total amount of Nz value of each of the at least three retardation films, the Nz value being defined by formula (I), is half as many as the number of the at least three retardation films, and an in-plane retardation Re1 of each of the at least three retardation films, the in-plane retardation Re1 being defined by formula (II), ranges from 200 to 350 nm: Nz=(nx1?nz1)/(nx1?ny1) ??(I) Re1=(nx1?ny1)×d1 .

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a light emitting element utilized as a light source of a backlight, and emitting a linearly polarized light; a liquid crystal cell stacked on the light emitting element; a polarizer film stacked on the liquid crystal cell; and at least one retardation film stacked in at least one of a gap between the light emitting element and the liquid crystal cell and a gap between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizer film.

Abstract: An optical film includes; a polarizer having an absorption axis; and at least three retardation films, each having a slow axis, wherein the absorption axis of the polarizer intersects the slow axis of each of the at least three retardation films at right angles and is parallel to the slow axis of each of the at least three retardation films, the slow axis of each of the at least three retardation films are parallel to each other, a total amount of Nz value of each of the at least three retardation films, the Nz value being defined by formula (I), is half as many as the number of the at least three retardation films, and an in-plane retardation Re1 of each of the at least three retardation films, the in-plane retardation Re1 being defined by formula (II), ranges from 200 to 350 nm: Nz=(nx1?nz1)/(nx1?ny1) ??(I) Re1=(nx1?ny1)×d1 ??(II)

Abstract: An optical compensation film comprising a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal having a dispersion of alignment of 0.3° or smaller.

Abstract: An optical compensation film and an elliptical polarizing plate, for realizing a liquid crystal display improved in gray-scale inversion, having a wider viewing angle property and being excellent in industrial production is provided. An embodiment of the optical compensation film is characterized in that a liquid crystal composition capable of expressing a biaxial nematic phase has a twisted hybrid alignment. Another embodiment includes a transparent substrate, a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer in an arbitrary order, and is characterized in that the first optically anisotropic layer is formed by a liquid crystal composition capable of expressing a biaxial nematic phase, and the second optically anisotropic layer is formed by monoaxial liquid crystalline molecules.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion having a silver chloride content of 90 mol % or more which has been chemically sensitized with a compound capable of releasing an AuICh? ion is described, wherein grains of the silver halide contain in the shell portion thereof 0.01 to 0.50 mol % of silver iodide per mol of the total silver, with Ch representing S, Se or Te.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion having a silver chloride content of 90 mol % or more which has been chemically sensitized with a compound capable of releasing an AuICh− ion is described, wherein grains of the silver halide contain in the shell portion thereof 0.01 to 0.50 mol % of silver iodide per mol of the total silver, with Ch representing S, Se or Te.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion having a silver chloride content of 90 mol % or more which has been chemically sensitized with a compound capable of releasing an AuICh− ion is described, wherein grains of the silver halide contain in the shell portion thereof 0.01 to 0.50 mol % of silver iodide per mol of the total silver, with Ch representing S, Se or Te.