Abstract: A motion picture coding and decoding apparatus synthesizes a lower layer frame at a certain time by using first component area information of a lower layer preceding in the time and second component area information of a lower layer succeeding in the time. For an area where the first and second component areas overlapped, or for an area which is neither the first nor the second component area on the lower layer frame, lower layer frames preceding and succeeding in time are subjected to weighted average for synthetisization. For the area corresponding to the first component area only, the lower layer frame succeeding in time is used, and for the area corresponding to the second component area only on the synthesized lower layer frame, the lower layer frame preceding in time is used, for synthesizing the lower layer.

Abstract: A motion picture coding and decoding apparatus synthesizes a lower layer frame at a certain time by using first component area information of a lower layer preceding in the time and second component area information of a lower layer succeeding in the time. For an area where the first and second component areas overlapped, or for an area which is neither the first nor the second component area on the lower layer frame, lower layer frames preceding and succeeding in time are subjected to weighted average for synthetisization. For the area corresponding to the first component area only, the lower layer frame succeeding in time is used, and for the area corresponding to the second component area only on the synthesized lower layer frame, the lower layer frame preceding in time is used, for synthesizing the lower layer.

Abstract: An image coding apparatus inputs pixel data of a part image of high resolution. An upper layer coding portion (101), a second shape data generating portion (102), and a second shape data coding portion (103) perform coding of shape data and pixel data in the upper layer. A down sampling portion (104) generates pixel data of low resolution. A lower layer coding portion (105), a first shape data generating portion (106), and a first shape data coding portion (107) code shape data and pixel data in the lower layer.

Abstract: A video coding device capable of adaptively processing input video data according to property of the data and realizing effective progressive transmission of the coded data even if image components arc different in size and/or different in the number of subbands. The above-mentioned object can be realized by the provision of a transferring-order deciding and ranging portion (104) that can prepare an integrated component unit by forming combinations of subband-based frequency-coefficients of respective components Y, U and V and can change the number of respective elements of respective components Y, U and V.

Abstract: A motion picture coding and decoding apparatus synthesizes a lower layer frame at a certain time by using first component area information of a lower layer preceding in the time and second component area information of a lower layer succeeding in the time. For an area where the first and second component areas overlapped, or for an area which is neither the first nor the second component area on the lower layer frame, lower layer frames preceding and succeeding in time are subjected to weighted average for synthetisization. For the area corresponding to the first component area only, the lower layer frame succeeding in time is used, and for the area corresponding to the second component area only on the synthesized lower layer frame, the lower layer frame preceding in time is used, for synthesizing the lower layer.

Abstract: An image coding/decoding apparatus offers a visually high quality image at a very low bit rate. The image is divided into images for individual regions using its shape information. Each region is made into rectangle blocks by an extrapolation process, whereby each region can be sub-band coded. Finally, multiple extrapolated images which were formed by the extrapolating process, are appropriately coded or quantized.

Abstract: An image coding/decoding apparatus offers a visually high quality image at a very low bit rate. The image is divided into images for individual regions using its shape information. Each region is made into rectangle blocks by an extrapolating process, whereby each region can be sub-band coded. Finally, multiple extrapolated images which were formed by the extrapolating process, are appropriately coded or quantized.

Abstract: A moving image coder has a forward predicting motion vector/prediction error amount detecting section for detecting an optimum motion vector from a past frame, making a predicted image and calculating a prediction error amount from the present frame. The coder also has a backward predicting motion vector/prediction error amount detecting section for detecting an optimum motion vector from a future frame, making a predicted image and calculating a prediction error amount from the present frame. The coder further has a comparator/mode selecting section for inputting the prediction error amounts from the forward predicting motion vector/prediction error amount detecting section and the backward prediction motion vector/prediction error amount detecting section, making a comparative calculation of the input prediction error amounts, and selecting one of a forward prediction mode, a backward prediction mode and a bidirectional prediction mode.

Abstract: A moving image coder has an arithmetic unit for calculating an average value of a coding object block; an arithmetic unit for obtaining an alternating current component by subtracting the average value from each of pixel values of the coding object block; an arithmetic unit for obtaining a intra frame activity amount by making a calculation of the same kind as an error calculation in a motion prediction with respect to the obtained alternating current component; and a comparator for comparing the intra frame activity amount with a predicting error amount calculated when the motion prediction is made. The inter frame coding mode or the intra frame coding mode is judged by large and small relations of the predicting error amount and the intra frame activity amount. In this moving image coder, codings of a intra frame block and a inter frame differential block are adaptively switched in a small hardware scale.

Abstract: The prediction error value calculated by a motion estimating portion is used for selecting the frame or field orthogonal transform coding mode. The frame prediction error value EFr and the field prediction error value EFi are calculated by the motion estimating portion and entered into a comparator of an orthogonal transform mode selecting portion which in turn compares them with each other and generates an orthogonal transform mode selecting signal TC. The use of the prediction error values for selecting the orthogonal transform mode makes it possible to reduce the size of the necessary hardware and saves much time of data processing necessary for judgment of the orthogonal transform mode selection.

Abstract: The prediction error value calculated by a motion estimating portion is used for selecting the frame or field orthogonal transform coding mode. The frame prediction error value EFr and the field prediction error value EFi are calculated by the motion estimating portion and entered into a comparator of an orthogonal transform mode selecting portion which in turn compares them with each other and generates an orthogonal transform mode selecting signal TC. The use of the prediction error values for selecting the orthogonal transform mode makes it possible to reduce the size of the necessary hardware and saves much time of data processing necessary for judgment of the orthogonal transform mode selection.

Abstract: An image compressing apparatus forms a synthetic image from a plurality of image data. The apparatus includes a device for sorting a plurality of image data into a plurality of image types in accordance with at least one of a nature and a use of each image data, a device for selecting an image compressing method out of a plurality of predetermined various image compressing methods for each image data in accordance with the sorted image type, and a device for compressing the image data in accordance with the selected image compressing method and recording the compressed image data in a recording medium.

Abstract: A compressing apparatus for compressing color image data including R, G and B data. The apparatus includes a converter for converting the R, G and B data into luminance data and chrominance data, and an encoder. The encoder encodes the luminance data to compressed luminance data, through fine quantization at regions where human eyes are sensitive, and through coarse quantization at regions where human eyes are less sensitive, such as, e.g., in dark or bright areas. The encoder also encodes the chrominance data to compressed chrominance data in a similar manner.

Abstract: An orthogonal transform coding system for images which orthogonally transforms image data to spatial frequencies and divides the domain of the spatial frequencies into low and high frequency domains using a plurality of domain patterns prepared in advance. This system quantizes and encodes the high and low frequency domains of the orthogonally transformed data by different methods. Coding of the data in the low frequency domain is preformed based on bits which are allocated to those data in accordance with their energies. The data in the high frequency domain are decomposed into bit planes and run-length coding is performed for each bit plane, whereby a small number of bits are allocated to those data in the low frequency domain in the coding and an efficient coding of images is accomplished.