Abstract: The present invention provides a method for removing a microorganism, a cell, a vesicle secreted by the microorganism or the cell, or a virus from an antibody immobilized on a carrier and to which the microorganism or the like has been bound as an antigen. The present invention also provides an immunological detection method of the microorganism or the like, including removing the microorganism or the like from an antibody immobilized on a carrier and to which the microorganism or the like has been bound as an antigen.

Abstract: An initialization method of an optical recording medium having a plurality of optical recording layers capable of reducing uneven initialization due to light interference caused at the time of initialization without deterioration of information recording/reproducing signal characteristics of the recording layers is provided.

Abstract: When a substrate 30 is to be subjected to a magnetron plasma process, a dipole ring magnet 21 is provided, in which a large number of anisotropic segment magnets 22 are arranged in a ring-like shape around the outer wall of a chamber 1. A magnetic field gradient, wherein the magnetic field strength decreases from the E pole side toward the W pole side in a direction perpendicular to a magnetic field direction B, is formed in a plane perpendicular to the direction of an electric field between a pair of electrodes separated from each other. The anisotropic segment magnets have a first section a including anisotropic segment magnets arranged in the vicinity of a region A located outside an E pole side end of the process substrate with an N pole thereof being directed toward this region, and a second portion b including anisotropic segment magnets arranged with an S pole thereof being directed toward this region, to locally increase the magnetic field strengths of the first and second regions.