Abstract: The method of producing an electrode catalyst having a porous carbon support that has nanopores having a pore diameter of 1 to 20 nm and a BET specific surface area of 700 to 900 m2/g, and catalyst particles containing Pt supported on the support, includes: a first step for preparing a powder in which the catalyst particles are supported on the support; and a second step for accommodating the powder obtained through the first step in a flow-type reactor, flowing NH3 gas through the reactor under conditions of a concentration of 10 to 100% and a pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.5 MPa, and regulating the temperature in the reactor to 500° C. or more and less than the decomposition temperature of ammonia, keeping for 5 to 10 hours to chemically react the powder and the NH3 gas.

Abstract: The method produces an electrode catalyst having a porous carbon support that has nanopores having a pore diameter of 1 to 20 nm, micropores having a pore diameter of less than 1 nm, and a BET specific surface area of 1000 to 1500 m2/g, and catalyst particles containing Pt supported on the support, including: preparing a powder in which the catalyst particles are supported on the support by using the support and raw materials of the catalyst particle; and accommodating the powder obtained through the first step in a flow-type reactor, flowing ammonia gas through the reactor under conditions of a concentration of 10 to 100% and a pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.5 MPa, and regulating the temperature in the reactor to 500° C. or more and less than the decomposition temperature of ammonia, keeping for 5 to 10 hours to chemically react the powder and the ammonia gas.

Abstract: The catalyst for electrodes comprises: a porous support which has nanopores having a pore diameter of from 1 nm to 20 nm and micropores having a pore diameter of less than 1 nm; and a plurality of catalyst particles which are supported by the support. The catalyst particles are supported by both inner portions and outer portions of mesopores of the support, and contain Pt (zerovalent). If an analysis of the particle size distribution of the catalyst particles is performed using three-dimensional reconstructed images obtained through a STEM-based electron tomography measurement, the condition of formula (S1), namely (100×(N10/N20)?8.0) is satisfied, where N10 represents the number of noble metal particles that are not in contact with pores having a pore diameter of 1 nm or more; and N20 represents the number of catalyst particles that are supported by the inner portions of the nanopores of the support.

Abstract: This catalyst for electrodes comprises: a porous carbon support which has nanopores having a pore diameter of from 1 nm to 20 nm; and a plurality of catalyst particles which are supported by the support. The catalyst particles contain Pt (zerovalent), and are supported by both inner portions and outer portions of the nanopores of the support. If an analysis of the particle size distribution of the catalyst particles is performed using three-dimensional reconstructed images obtained through a STEM-based electron tomography measurement, the proportion of the catalyst particles supported by the inner portions of the nanoparticles is 50% or more: at least one nanopore is formed in a cubic image having a side of from 20 nm to 50 nm, said cubic image being obtained from a three-dimensional reconstructed image of a catalyst aggregate; and this nanopore has the shape of a continuously extending interconnected pore.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst for electrode that has excellent catalytic activity and that is capable of contributing toward lower PEFC costs. This catalyst for electrode includes: a hollow carbon support having nanopores with a pore diameter of 1 to 20 nm; and a plurality of catalyst particles supported on the support. The catalyst particles are supported both inside and outside the nanopores of the support, are composed of (zerovalent) Pt, and when analysis of the particle size distribution of the catalyst particles is performed using three-dimensional, reconstructed images obtained through STEM-based electron tomography measurement, the percentage of catalyst particles supported inside the nanopores is 50% or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode catalyst which has excellent catalytic activity, and which can contribute to reducing the cost of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). According to the present invention, an electrode catalyst includes a hollow carrier including nanopores having a pore size of 1 to 20 nm, and a plurality of catalyst particles. The catalyst particles are supported both inside and outside the nanopores of the carrier, and comprise (zero-valent) Pt, and when a particle size distribution analysis of the catalyst particles is carried out using a three-dimensional reconstructed image obtained by electron beam tomography measurement employing STEM, the conditions of formula (S1): 100×(N10/N20)?8.0 are satisfied (in the formula, N10 is the number of noble metal particles not in contact with a pore having a pore size of 1 nm or more, and N20 is the number of catalyst particles supported inside the nanopores of the carrier).

Abstract: Provide an electrode catalyst with excellent catalytic activity that can contribute to cost reduction of PEFC. The electrode catalyst includes a hollow carbon carrier with mesopores with a pore size of 2 to 50 nm and a catalyst particle supported on the carrier. The catalyst particle is supported on both inside and outside the mesopores of the carrier, and have a core portion formed on the carrier and a shell portion covering at least a part of the surface of the core portion. Pd is included in the core portion, and Pt is included in the shell portion, and when the analysis of the particle size distribution of the catalyst particles using the three dimensional reconstructed image obtained by electron beam tomography (electron tomography) measurement using an STEM is performed, the ratio of the catalyst particles supported inside the mesopore is 50% or more.

Abstract: An organometallic complex catalyst that makes it possible to obtain a higher yield of a desired product than conventional catalysts in a cross-coupling reaction. The organometallic complex catalyst has a structure represented by formula (1) and is for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R4, R5, R6, and R7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R8 represents a substituent that has a ? bond and 3-20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An organometallic complex catalyst is disclosed for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R4, R5, R6, and R7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R8 represents a substituent that has a n bond and 3-20 carbon atoms. With regard to the electron-donating properties of R1-R7 with respect to the coordination center M of the ligand containing R1-R7 that is indicated in formula (2), R1-R7 are arranged in combination such that the TEP value obtained from infrared spectroscopy shifts toward the high frequency side compared to the TEP value of the ligand of formula (2-1).

Abstract: An organometallic complex catalyst that makes it possible to obtain a higher yield of a desired product than conventional catalysts in a cross-coupling reaction. The organometallic complex catalyst has a structure represented by formula (1) and is for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R4, R5, R6, and R7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R8 represents a substituent that has a ? bond and 3-20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An organometallic complex catalyst is disclosed for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R4, R5, R6, and R7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R8 represents a substituent that has a ? bond and 3-20 carbon atoms. With regard to the electron-donating properties of R1-R7 with respect to the coordination center M of the ligand containing R1-R7 that is indicated in formula (2), R1-R7 are arranged in combination such that the TEP value obtained from infrared spectroscopy shifts toward the high frequency side compared to the TEP value of the ligand of formula (2-1).

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a catalyst for a cross-coupling reaction in which an organometallic complex is sufficiently immobilized on a carrier and an object product can be easily obtained. The catalyst for a cross-coupling reaction of the present invention has a carrier part composed of a synthetic resin and an organometallic complex part immobilized on the carrier part by chemical bonding, and has a structure represented by formula (P1), wherein in (P1) R1, R2 may be the same or different, and is a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R3, R4, R5, R6, R8, R9 may be the same or different and are substituents, such as a hydrogen. X represents a halogen atom, and R7 represents a substituent having 3 to 20 carbon atoms with a ? bond. RS1 represents the main chain of the synthetic resin precursors having —CH2OH group at their end.

Abstract: Provide an electrode catalyst with excellent catalytic activity that can contribute to cost reduction of PEFC. The electrode catalyst includes a hollow carbon carrier with mesopores with a pore size of 2 to 50 nm and a catalyst particle supported on the carrier. The catalyst particle is supported on both inside and outside the mesopores of the carrier, and have a core portion formed on the carrier and a shell portion covering at least a part of the surface of the core portion. Pd is included in the core portion, and Pt is included in the shell portion, and when the analysis of the particle size distribution of the catalyst particles using the three dimensional reconstructed image obtained by electron beam tomography (electron tomography) measurement using an STEM is performed, the ratio of the catalyst particles supported inside the mesopore is 50% or more.

Abstract: An aromatic nitro compound has a structure in which a nitro group and a halogen atom, in a separated state, are directly bonded as substituents to the ring structure of the same ring; a reaction composition is provided which, in a hydrogenation reaction of the nitro group of said aromatic nitro compound, allows selectively hydrogenating the nitro group, and sufficiently reducing the separation of the halogen atom from the ring; also provided is a reaction system that uses this reaction composition. This reaction composition includes a catalyst which, with the aforementioned aromatic nitro compound as reactant, is used in a hydrogenation reaction of at least one of the one or more nitro groups of said reactant. Further, the reaction composition includes a base and an organic solvent. The catalyst includes a carrier, and Fe oxide particles and Pt particles supported by the carrier.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst mixture which, in a nitro group hydrogenation reaction of an aromatic nitro compound having a structure in which nitro groups and halogen atoms are directly bonded as substituents to a ring skeleton of the same ring while separated from each other, is capable of selectively hydrogenating the nitro groups and sufficiently reducing the removal of the halogen atoms from the ring. This catalyst mixture includes a catalyst which is used in a hydrogenation reaction of at least one among one or more nitro groups present in a reactant, which is an aromatic nitro compound having a structure in which one or more nitro groups and one or more halogen atoms are directly bonded as substituents to a ring skeleton of the same ring while separated from each other. This catalyst mixture further includes a base.

Abstract: An aromatic nitro compound has a structure in which a nitro group and a halogen atom, in a separated state, are directly bonded as substituents to the ring structure of the same ring; a reaction composition is provided which, in a hydrogenation reaction of the nitro group of said aromatic nitro compound, allows selectively hydrogenating the nitro group, and sufficiently reducing the separation of the halogen atom from the ring; also provided is a reaction system that uses this reaction composition. This reaction composition includes a solvent, and a catalyst which, with the aforementioned aromatic nitro compound as reactant, is used in a hydrogenation reaction of at least one of the one or more nitro groups of said reactant. The catalyst includes a carrier, and Fe oxide particles and Pt particles supported by the carrier.

Abstract: An organometallic complex catalyst is disclosed for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R4, R5, R6, and R7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R8 represents a substituent that has a ? bond and 3-20 carbon atoms. With regard to the electron-donating properties of R1-R7 with respect to the coordination center M of the ligand containing R1-R7 that is indicated in formula (2), R1-R7 are arranged in combination such that the TEP value obtained from infrared spectroscopy shifts toward the low frequency side compared to the TEP value of the ligand of formula (2-1).

Abstract: An organometallic complex catalyst is disclosed for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R4, R5, R6, and R7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R8 represents a substituent that has a ? bond and 3-20 carbon atoms. With regard to the electron-donating properties of R1-R7 with respect to the coordination center M of the ligand containing R1-R7 that is indicated in formula (2), R1-R7 are arranged in combination such that the TEP value obtained from infrared spectroscopy shifts toward the high frequency side compared to the TEP value of the ligand of formula (2-1).

Abstract: Provided is an electrode catalyst that can exhibit sufficient performance, is suitable for mass production, and is suitable for reducing production costs, even when containing a relatively high concentration of chlorine. The electrode catalyst has a core-shell structure including a support; a core part that is formed on the support; and a shell part that is formed so as to cover at least one portion of the surface of the core part. A concentration of bromine (Br) species of the electrode catalyst as measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy is 500 ppm or less, and a concentration of chlorine (Cl) species of the electrode catalyst as measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy is 8,500 ppm or less.

Abstract: To provide electrode catalyst which has the catalyst activity and durability equal to or more than the Pt/Pd/C catalyst. The electrode catalyst has a support and catalyst particles supported on the support. The catalyst particle has the core part formed on the support and the shell part formed on the core part. The core part contains a Ti oxide and Pd, and the shell part contains Pt.