Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I): [wherein, for example, X is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R1 is a hydrogen atom; R2 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group; R3 is —CHO or —COOH; and R4 is —CH?CH—(CH2)p—CH3 (wherein p is an integer of 1 to 12), —CH(OH)—(CH2)q—CH3 (wherein q is an integer of 1 to 13), —CH(OH)—CH2—CH(CH3)—(CH2)2—CH?C(CH3)2, —CH?CH—CH(CH3)—(CH2)3—CH(CH3)2, —(CH2)2—CH(CH3)—(CH2)3—CH(CH3)2 or —(CH2)8—CH3], an optical isomer thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have antitrypanosoma activity, and accordingly are useful as drugs for preventing or treating the diseases caused by trypanosoma.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I): [wherein, for example, X is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R1 is a hydrogen atom; R2 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group; R3 is —CHO or —COOH; and R4 is —CH?CH—(CH2)p—CH3 (wherein p is an integer of 1 to 12), —CH(OH)—(CH2)q—CH3 (wherein q is an integer of 1 to 13), —CH(OH)—CH2—CH(CH3)—(CH2)2—CH?C(CH3)2, —CH?CH—CH(CH3)—(CH2)3—CH(CH3)2, —(CH2)2—CH(CH3)—(CH2)3—CH(CH3)2 or —(CH2)8—CH3], an optical isomer thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have antitrypanosoma activity, and accordingly are useful as drugs for preventing or treating the diseases caused by trypanosoma.

Abstract: A preventive or therapeutic agent for multiple risk factor syndrome containing, as an active ingredient, one or more chemical compounds selected from the group consisting of ascochlorin, ascochlorin homologues, ascofuranone and ascofuranone homologues, each of the chemical compounds having at least an olsyl aldehyde moiety, in which neither of the hydrogen atoms of the 2- and 4-hydroxyl groups are substituted; and the hydrogen atom of at least one of the hydroxyl groups is substituted by a group selected from the group consisting of (C1-C15) alkyl, (C2-C15) alkenyl, (C1-C15) alkylnyl, aryl, (C1-C15) alkylaryl; —(CnH2n)R (where n is an integer of 1 to 15 and R represents COOR? which substitutes for any one of n carbon atoms where R? is H or (C1-C15) alkyl), (C1-C15) alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, aryl(C1-C15)alkyl, aryl (C1-C15) alkylcarbonyl, —C(?O)(CH2)1-15COOH, 2-pyridylcarbonyl, nicotinoyl, isonicotinoyl, toluenesulfonyl, carbamoyl, carbamoyl substituted by one or two (C1-C6) alkyls, amino, amino substitu

Abstract: A pharmaceutical agent for improvement in pruritus cutaneus associated with renal failure and/or for the treatment of renal failure and/or its complications containing as an effective ingredient oligosaccharide or oligosaccharides such as, but not limited to fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, isomalto-oligosaccharide, malto-oligosaccharide, lacto-sucrose and/or xylo-oligosaccharide, in particular, lactulose, rhamnose and lactitol.

Abstract: Ascochlorin derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydroxyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a pyridyl group, an amino group, a dialkylamino group, a phenoxyalkyl group which may have a substituent in the nucleus, or a phenyl group which may have a substituent in the nucleus; and n is an integer of 0 to 5, a process for preparing the same and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same are disclosed.The derivatives are useful to treat diabetes, improve lipid metabolism and control tumors.

Abstract: Ascochlorin derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydroxyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a pyridyl group, an amino group, a dialkylamino group, a phenoxyalkyl group which may have a substituent in the nucleus, or a phenyl group which may have a substituent in the nucleus; and n is an integer of 0 to 5, a process for preparing the same and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same are disclosed.The derivatives are useful to treat diabetes, improve lipid metabolism and control tumors.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of arteriosclerosis of mammals, including human beings, and poultry which comprises an ascochlorin derivative represented by the formula ##SPC1##And a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a method for treating arteriosclerosis by the use of the composition above is disclosed.

Abstract: A novel antibiotic designated as ascofuranone having useful hypotensive and hypolipidemic activities produced from an ascofuranone-producing microorganism of Ascochyta viciae Libert by an aerobic culturing, and processes for the production and use of ascofuranone are disclosed.