Abstract: A spheroidal graphite cast iron having a chemical composition of: C: 3.0% to 4.0%, Si: 2.0% to 2.4%, Cu: 0.20% to 0.50%, Mn: 0.15% to 0.35%, S: 0.005% to 0.030%, Mg: 0.03% to 0.06%, each by mass, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, where Mn and Cu are contained at 0.45% to 0.75% in total; and a structure in which a ferrite layer encloses spheroidal graphite crystallized out in a matrix of pearlite. Part of the pearlite is extended from the matrix side to the spheroidal graphite side to divide the ferrite layer at one or more areas.

Abstract: A spheroidal graphite cast iron having a chemical composition of: C: 3.0% to 4.0%, Si: 2.0% to 2.4%, Cu: 0.20% to 0.50%, Mn: 0.15% to 0.35%, S: 0.005% to 0.030%, Mg: 0.03% to 0.06%, each by mass, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, where Mn and Cu are contained at 0.45% to 0.75% in total; and a structure in which a ferrite layer encloses spheroidal graphite crystallized out in a matrix of pearlite. Part of the pearlite is extended from the matrix side to the spheroidal graphite side to divide the ferrite layer at one or more areas.

Abstract: A high rigid spheroidal graphite cast iron, comprising: more than 3.0% to less than 3.6% of C, 1.5 to 3.0% of Si, 1.0% or less of Mn, 1.0% or less of Cu, less than 0.03% of P, 0.02% to 0.07% of Mg, residual Fe and inevitable impurities, as represented by mass %, wherein a carbon equivalent (a CE value) calculated by the mathematical expression (1): CE=C %+Si %/3 in terms of C and Si contents is 3.6 to 4.3%, the Young's modulus is 170 GPa or more, the tensile strength is 550 MPa or more, and the impact value is 12 J/cm2 or more.

Abstract: A high rigid spheroidal graphite cast iron, comprising: more than 3.0% to less than 3.6% of C, 1.5 to 3.0% of Si, 1.0% or less of Mn, 1.0% or less of Cu, less than 0.03% of P, 0.02% to 0.07% of Mg, residual Fe and inevitable impurities, as represented by mass %, wherein a carbon equivalent (a CE value) calculated by the mathematical expression (1): CE=C %+Si %/3 in terms of C and Si contents is 3.6 to 4.3%, the Young's modulus is 170 GPa or more, the tensile strength is 550 MPa or more, and the impact value is 12 J/cm2 or more.

Abstract: A high rigid spheroidal graphite cast iron, comprising: 2.0 mass % to less than 2.7 mass % or more than 3.0 mass % to less than 3.6 mass % of C, 1.5 to 3.0 mass % of Si, 1.0% or less of Mn, 1.0 mass % or less of Cu, 0.02 to 0.07 mass % of Mg and the residual Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein a carbon equivalent (a CE value) calculated by the mathematical expression (1): CE=C (mass %)+Si (mass %)/3 in terms of C and Si contents is 2.8 to 3.2% within a first range from 2.0 mass % to less than 2.7 mass % of C and is 3.6 to 4.2% within a second range from more than 3.0 mass % to less than 3.6 mass % of C, and the Young's modulus is 170 GPa or more.

Abstract: A high rigid spheroidal graphite cast iron, comprising: 2.0 mass % to less than 2.7 mass % or more than 3.0 mass % to less than 3.6 mass % of C, 1.5 to 3.0 mass % of Si, 1.0% or less of Mn, 1.0 mass % or less of Cu, 0.02 to 0.07 mass % of Mg and the residual Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein a carbon equivalent (a CE value) calculated by the mathematical expression (1): CE=C(mass %)+Si (mass %)/3 in terms of C and Si contents is 2.8 to 3.2% within a first range from 2.0 mass % to less than 2.7 mass % of C and is 3.6 to 4.2% within a second range from more than 3.0 mass % to less than 3.6 mass % of C, and the Young's modulus is 170 G or more.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to prevent condensation occurring when reaction solutions in sealed vessels are heated in a nucleic acid analyzer for performing sequential processing in which individual reaction vessels are sequentially fed to a nucleic acid amplification unit in a given cycle. This invention relates to a nucleic acid analyzer including a vessel mounting rack capable of holding the plurality of reaction vessels, wherein the reaction vessel mounted on the vessel mounting rack is heated by an adjacent noncontact heat source and air circulation from the heat source to a reaction vessel upper portion, and a temperature of the reaction vessel upper portion is kept higher than a temperature of a reaction vessel lower portion. With this invention, condensation possibly occurring on the inner wall of the sealed vessel upper portion due to heating during nucleic acid amplification can be prevented, and more accurate nucleic acid analysis is enabled.

Abstract: An electrophoresis analysis method and apparatus capable of maintaining high reliability upon a repeated use of the same gel. A heat transfer medium selected from the group consisting of solids, liquids and gels is filled in substantially all of the gaps between the electrode and each capillary. A hollow electrode into which a capillary is inserted has a plurality of retaining shapes such that the capillary can be fixed at the center of the electrode. The heat from the capillary can be efficiently dissipated via the electrode, and also the temperature increase in the capillary can be prevented. Further, temperature increases due to the heating of the capillaries during operation can be controlled and thereby thermal deterioration of the gel can be prevented.

Abstract: An electrophoresis analysis method and apparatus capable of maintaining high reliability upon a repeated use of the same gel. A heat transfer medium selected from the group consisting of solids, liquids and gels is filled in substantially all of the gaps between the electrode and each capillary. A hollow electrode into which a capillary is inserted has a plurality of retaining shapes such that the capillary can be fixed at the center of the electrode. The heat from the capillary can be efficiently dissipated via the electrode, and also the temperature increase in the capillary can be prevented. Further, temperature increases due to the heating of the capillaries during operation can be controlled and thereby thermal deterioration of the gel can be prevented.

Abstract: In a mass spectrometer utilizing an atmospheric pressure ion source, the amount of un-vaporized droplets that reach a mass spectrometric section is reduced. A mass spectrometer comprises: an ionization section for ionizing a sample at substantially atmospheric pressure; a first and a second intermediate pressure section in which the pressure is maintained lower than the pressure in said ionization section; a high vacuum section in which the pressure is maintained lower than the pressure in said intermediate pressure section and in which a mass spectrometric means for subjecting ions to mass spectrometry is disposed; a first pore electrode disposed between said ionization section and said first intermediate pressure section; an intermediate pore electrode disposed between said first intermediate pressure section and said second intermediate pressure section; and a second pore electrode disposed between said second intermediate pressure section and said high vacuum section.

Abstract: A sample dispensing apparatus is realized which can detect a dispensing abnormality occurred during the sample dispensing operation regardless of the type and the extent of the abnormality. A pressure sensor is connected to a dispensing flow passage system, including a sample probe and a dispensing syringe, and a plurality of output values of the pressure sensor during the sample dispensing operation are taken in. A multi-item analysis (based on the Mahalanobis distance) is carried out by using, as items, the plurality of taken-in output values of the pressure sensor. Whether the dispensing is normally performed or not is determined by comparing an analysis result with a threshold. A highly reliable determination result is obtained in spite of variations of sensitivity of the pressure sensor.

Abstract: In a mass spectrometer utilizing an atmospheric pressure ion source, the amount of un-vaporized droplets that reach a mass spectrometric section is reduced. A mass spectrometer comprises: an ionization section for ionizing a sample at substantially atmospheric pressure; a first and a second intermediate pressure section in which the pressure is maintained lower than the pressure in said ionization section; a high vacuum section in which the pressure is maintained lower than the pressure in said intermediate pressure section and in which a mass spectrometric means for subjecting ions to mass spectrometry is disposed; a first pore electrode disposed between said ionization section and said first intermediate pressure section; an intermediate pore electrode disposed between said first intermediate pressure section and said second intermediate pressure section; and a second pore electrode disposed between said second intermediate pressure section and said high vacuum section.

Abstract: An electrophoresis analysis method and apparatus capable of maintaining high reliability upon a repeated use of the same gel. A heat transfer medium selected from the group consisting of solids, liquids and gels is filled in substantially all of the gaps between the electrode and each capillary. A hollow electrode into which a capillary is inserted has a plurality of retaining shapes such that the capillary can be fixed at the center of the electrode. The heat from the capillary can be efficiently dissipated via the electrode, and also the temperature increase in the capillary can be prevented. Further, temperature increases due to the heating of the capillaries during operation can be controlled and thereby thermal deterioration of the gel can be prevented.

Abstract: A sample dispensing apparatus is realized which can detect a dispensing abnormality occurred during the sample dispensing operation regardless of the type and the extent of the abnormality. A pressure sensor is connected to a dispensing flow passage system, including a sample probe and a dispensing syringe, and a plurality of output values of the pressure sensor during the sample dispensing operation are taken in. A multi-item analysis (based on the Mahalanobis distance) is carried out by using, as items, the plurality of taken-in output values of the pressure sensor. Whether the dispensing is normally performed or not is determined by comparing an analysis result with a threshold. A highly reliable determination result is obtained in spite of variations of sensitivity of the pressure sensor.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a monitoring device making it possible to measure the concentration of a target trace gas which has an ionization efficiency changed by the affect of impurities and which is absorbed on a pretreatment portion or piping, at a high accuracy and at real time, by adding an internal standard having a known concentration to the target trace gas. The concentration of the target trace gas is measured while an internal standard having substantially the same properties (such as ionization efficiency change and vapor pressure) as the target trace gas is added. The ion strengths of the target trace gas and the internal standard are compared to calibrate the concentration of the target trace gas. According to the present invention, the concentration of the target trace gas in gas containing impurities can be online measured at a real time and at high accuracy while being continuously calibrated.

Abstract: Disclosed is to provide means for supporting the diagnosis by quantitatively measuring the presence of abnormal condition in the heart of a to-be-tested person and the factor thereof (cause of the disease) from the data of magnetic field strengths measured at a plurality of measuring positions. Feature parameters are automatically picked up from the measured data to calculate Mahalanobis distances thereof, and any abnormal function of the heart is detected relying upon the magnitude thereof. Further, chief factors that cause an increase in the Mahalanobis distance are analyzed to specify the cause of a disease.

Abstract: In a multiple function type differential pressure sensor including a semiconductor chip having a differential pressure detector for detecting a differential pressure, temperature detector for detecting a temperature, and static pressure detector for detecting a static pressure provided on a semiconductor substrate of a single chip, two or more pairs of differential pressure detectors means are incorporated, and a difference between outputs of the two or more pairs of differential pressure detectors is fetched out.

Abstract: In a multiple function type differential pressure sensor including a semiconductor chip having a differential pressure detector for detecting a differential pressure, temperature detector for detecting a temperature, and static pressure detector for detecting a static pressure provided on a semiconductor substrate of a single chip, two or more pairs of differential pressure detectors means are incorporated, and a difference between outputs of the two or more pairs of differential pressure detectors is fetched out.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor pressure sensor having a glass base and a metal base bonded together satisfactorily so that a silicon diaphragm may not be affected by residual strain, and an intelligent differential pressure and pressure transmitting device employing the semiconductor pressure sensor.The semiconductor pressure sensor comprises a silicon diaphragm (1) provided with a strain-sensitive element, a glass or ceramic base (2) bonded to the silicon diaphragm (1), and a metal base (4) bonded to the glass or ceramic base (2) with a bonding glass (3). The thermal expansion coefficient of the metal base (4) at a temperature corresponding to the strain point of the bonding glass (3) is not greater than that of the glass or ceramic base (2).

Abstract: A multi-function differential pressure sensor includes a semiconductor chip, a stationary base having a joining portion joined to a thick wall portion of the semiconductor chip, and a housing joined to the stationary base. The semiconductor chip is provided with a differential pressure detection unit, a static pressure detection unit, and a temperature detection unit. The joining portion of the stationary base is not thicker than the semiconductor chip. The stationary base has one or more thin wall portions located, in a plan view, within a circular pressure sensitive diaphragm of the semiconductor chip.