Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-layer coating film having at least a clear coating film and a base coating film and having good chipping resistance, and preferably to provide a multi-layer coating film further having good designability. The multi-layer coating film of the present invention is a multi-layer coating film comprising a substrate, a base layer formed thereon, and a clear layer formed on the base layer, wherein the base layer comprises a luster pigment, wherein the base layer has an erosion index of 45 ?m2/g or less where the erosion index is a value obtained by multiplying an erosion rate of the base layer by a thickness of the base layer, and wherein the erosion rate of the base layer is measured using a micro slurry jet erosion method at a projection power at which an erosion rate with respect to a silicon wafer is 0.635 ?m/g.

Abstract: An optical combiner includes: a plurality of first input optical fibers that each include a core; a bridge fiber that includes a bridge input surface connected to the cores of the plurality of first input optical fibers, a diameter reduction portion having a diameter that decreases away from the bridge input surface along an optical axis of the optical combiner, and a bridge output surface located opposite to the bridge input surface along the optical axis; an intermediate optical fiber that includes a core connected to the bridge output surface of the bridge fiber; a second input optical fiber that includes a core; and an output optical fiber that includes a first optical waveguide connected to the core of the intermediate optical fiber, and a second optical waveguide connected to the core of the second input optical fiber.

Abstract: The present invention has found that chimeric animals suffer from noticeable inflammation after birth, though neither immune response nor inflammation in the fetal period of these animals has been reported hitherto. This is an unexpected finding since chimeric animals in the fetal period were exclusively analyzed in prior studies and thus it is deemed that immunotolerance has been theoretically established therein. The present invention provides a composition for suppressing immune response or inflammation in the fetal period of a born chimeric animal.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to produce a mammalian organ having a complicated cellular composition composed of multiple kinds of cells, such as kidney, pancreas, thymus and hair, in the living body of a non-human animal. The inventors of the present invention applied the chimeric animal assay described above, to a novel solid organ production method. More specifically, the inventors has shown that a model mouse which is deficient of kidney, pancreas, thymus or hair due to the dysfunction of the metanephric mesenchyme that is differentiated into most of an adult kidney, is rescued by blastocyst complementation by the chimeric animal assay, and whereby a kidney, a pancreas, thymus or hair can be newly produced.

Abstract: It is revealed that an organ such as pancreas can be regenerated by utilizing a fact that the deficiency of an organ is complemented by injecting an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cell) into a developed blastocyst in a blastocyst complementation method. Thus, the present invention has solved the above-described object. This provides a method for producing a target organ, using an iPS cell, in a living body of a non-human mammal having an abnormality associated with a lack of development of the target organ in a development stage, the target organ produced being derived from a different individual mammal that is an individual different from the non-human mammal.

Abstract: Provided is an immune cell therapy which uses an iPS technology allowing long-term survival in a living body and which exhibits an excellent antitumor effect by recognition of two antigens. An iPS cell derived from an antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell having a chimeric antigen receptor introduced therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a proton ceramic fuel cell which has a hydrogen-permeable film as an anode and in which an electrolyte material is BaZrxCe1-x-zYzO3 (x=0.1 to 0.8, z=0.1 to 0.25, x+z?1.0) (BZCY). An electron-conducting oxide thin film having a film thickness of 1-100 nm is present between a cathode and an electrolyte comprising the material. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a proton ceramic fuel cell having a hydrogen-permeable film as an anode. The method comprises forming a thin film having a thickness of 1-100 nm between a cathode and an electrolyte comprising BZCY, the thin film comprising an electron-conducting oxide. The present invention provides a novel means for improving the output of a PCFC in which BZCY is used in an electrolyte material, and provides a PCFC having an output that exceeds a benchmark of 0.5 W cm?2 at 500° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a proton ceramic fuel cell which has a hydrogen-permeable film as an anode and in which an electrolyte material is BaZrxCe1-x-yYzO3 (x=0.1 to 0.8, z=0.1 to 0.25, x+z?1.0) (BZCY). An electron-conducting oxide thin film having a film thickness of 1-100 nm is present between a cathode and an electrolyte comprising the material. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a proton ceramic fuel cell having a hydrogen-permeable film as an anode. The method comprises forming a thin film having a thickness of 1-100 nm between a cathode and an electrolyte comprising BZCY, the thin film comprising an electron-conducting oxide. The present invention provides a novel means for improving the output of a PCFC in which BZCY is used in an electrolyte material, and provides a PCFC having an output that exceeds a benchmark of 0.5 W cm?2 at 500° C.

Abstract: The present invention has found that chimeric animals suffer from noticeable inflammation after birth, though neither immune response nor inflammation in the fetal period of these animals has been reported hitherto. This is an unexpected finding since chimeric animals in the fetal period were exclusively analyzed in prior studies and thus it is deemed that immunotolerance has been theoretically established therein. The present invention provides a composition for suppressing immune response or inflammation in the fetal period of a born chimeric animal.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to produce a mammalian organ having a complicated cellular composition composed of multiple kinds of cells, such as kidney, pancreas, thymus and hair, in the living body of a non-human animal. The inventors of the present invention applied the chimeric animal assay described above, to a novel solid organ production method. More specifically, the inventors has shown that a model mouse which is deficient of kidney, pancreas, thymus or hair due to the dysfunction of the metanephric mesenchyme that is differentiated into most of an adult kidney, is rescued by blastocyst complementation by the chimeric animal assay, and whereby a kidney, a pancreas, thymus or hair can be newly produced.

Abstract: It is revealed that an organ such as pancreas can be regenerated by utilizing a fact that the deficiency of an organ is complemented by injecting an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cell) into a developed blastocyst in a blastocyst complementation method. Thus, the present invention has solved the above-described object. This provides a method for producing a target organ, using an iPS cell, in a living body of a non-human mammal having an abnormality associated with a lack of development of the target organ in a development stage, the target organ produced being derived from a different individual mammal that is an individual different from the non-human mammal.

Abstract: This hydraulic braking device is provided with: a tubular cylinder; an assisting piston, which is housed in the cylinder so as to be able to move reciprocally, faces a reservoir formed inside the cylinder, and assists a master piston, in a master cylinder, that generates hydraulic pressure for generating a braking force by reciprocally moving from one side to the other as a result of a fluid flowing into the reservoir from a supply source; and a seal member, which is elastically deformable and which seals the reservoir. When the assisting piston is at a location on one side, the reservoir is compartmentalized into a first chamber that communicates with the supply source, and a second chamber that communicates with the first chamber through a restricting flow passage, and the seal member seals the second chamber.

Abstract: A spool valve V1 includes a valve element 11 and a cylinder 12 having a bore 12a which accommodates the valve element 11 to be movable in an axial direction. In this spool valve V1, when the valve element 11 in an initial position moves in the axial direction in relation to the cylinder 12, a supply valve port Vi formed between the valve element 11 and the cylinder 12 opens, whereby a working fluid is introduced from a hydraulic pressure source into a hydraulic chamber through the supply valve port Vi. A throttle portion O1 is provided in a fluid channel formed on the hydraulic chamber side of the supply valve port Vi.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to produce a mammalian organ having a complicated cellular composition composed of multiple kinds of cells, such as kidney, pancreas, thymus and hair, in the living body of a non-human animal. The inventors of the present invention applied the chimeric animal assay described above, to a novel solid organ production method. More specifically, the inventors has shown that a model mouse which is deficient of kidney, pancreas, thymus or hair due to the dysfunction of the metanephric mesenchyme that is differentiated into most of an adult kidney, is rescued by blastocyst complementation by the chimeric animal assay, and whereby a kidney, a pancreas, thymus or hair can be newly produced.

Abstract: This hydraulic braking device is provided with: a tubular cylinder; an assisting piston, which is housed in the cylinder so as to be able to move reciprocally, faces a reservoir formed inside the cylinder, and assists a master piston, in a master cylinder, that generates hydraulic pressure for generating a braking force by reciprocally moving from one side to the other as a result of a fluid flowing into the reservoir from a supply source; and a seal member, which is elastically deformable and which seals the reservoir. When the assisting piston is at a location on one side, the reservoir is compartmentalized into a first chamber that communicates with the supply source, and a second chamber that communicates with the first chamber through a restricting flow passage, and the seal member seals the second chamber.

Abstract: It is revealed that an organ such as pancreas can be regenerated by utilizing a fact that the deficiency of an organ is complemented by injecting an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cell) into a developed blastocyst in a blastocyst complementation method. Thus, the present invention has solved the above-described object. This provides a method for producing a target organ, using an iPS cell, in a living body of a non-human mammal having an abnormality associated with a lack of development of the target organ in a development stage, the target organ produced being derived from a different individual mammal that is an individual different from the non-human mammal.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to remove effectively metallic contaminants adhering to the glass substrate surfaces without increasing roughness of the glass substrate surfaces in the glass substrate for a magnetic disk. In a manufacturing method of a glass substrate for a magnetic disk having a cleaning step of the glass substrate, the cleaning step comprising a cleaning treatment of contacting the glass substrate with an alkaline aqueous solution having a gluconate in concentration of not less than 0.05 wt % and not more than 2 wt % added thereto and a pH of not less than 9 and not more than 11 is appended.

Abstract: A spool valve V1 includes a valve element 11 and a cylinder 12 having a bore 12a which accommodates the valve element 11 to be movable in an axial direction. In this spool valve V1, when the valve element 11 in an initial position moves in the axial direction in relation to the cylinder 12, a supply valve port Vi formed between the valve element 11 and the cylinder 12 opens, whereby a working fluid is introduced from a hydraulic pressure source into a hydraulic chamber through the supply valve port Vi. A throttle portion O1 is provided in a fluid channel formed on the hydraulic chamber side of the supply valve port Vi.