Abstract: A roller having a crown shape is manufactured by pulling up a roller base having a uniform outer diameter from a paint tank at a vertical posture in such a manner that a pulling-up speed is changed in accordance with positions in an axial direction of the roller base to change a thickness of a paint coating adhered to the roller base.

Abstract: In order to obtain a charging member which is free of problems such as bleeding of a conductive agent and environment dependency, has little voltage dependency, and can be preferably used in a charging system of impressing only a DC voltage, there is provided a charging member comprising an elastic layer, a resistance regulation layer provided on the elastic layer, and a skin layer provided on the resistance regulation layer, wherein the resistance regulation layer is formed by use of a resin composition prepared by blending an ion conductive substance having a molecular weight of 30 to 800 as a conductive agent into a low-resistance resin matrix having a resistance of 1×104 to 1×1010 &OHgr;·cm.