Abstract: A polarizing plate having a wire grid structure includes: a transparent substrate; a plurality of projections disposed on the transparent substrate and spaced apart from each other and periodically arranged in a first direction at a pitch shorter than a bandwidth to be used; and a protective layer that covers the projections and the transparent substrate, wherein each of the projections has a first absorption layer, a reflective layer, and a second absorption layer in order from a side close to the transparent substrate, and a width of a first surface of the reflective layer on a side close to the transparent substrate in the first direction is wider than a width of a second surface of the reflective layer opposite to the first surface in the first direction.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizing element is provided that includes: a transparent substrate; and grid-like projections arranged on one surface of the transparent substrate with a pitch shorter than the wavelength of light in a used band, and extending in a predetermined direction. The transparent substrate is transparent to light in the used band. The grid-like projections each have a reflective layer, the dielectric layer, and an absorption layer, and have a surface on at least a part of which an inorganic structure capable of expressing water repellency exists.

Abstract: An optical device capable of achieving desired polarization properties including a light source, incident-side polarizing element, optical modulating element, emission-side first polarizing element, and emission-side second polarizing element, the first and second polarizing elements each have a wire-grid structure and include a plurality of convex portions arranged on a transparent substrate and spaced apart from each other at a pitch shorter than the wavelength of light in the light source, the transmission axis of the first polarizing element relative to the transmission axis of the incident-side polarizing element is within ±8.

Abstract: Provided is a polarizing plate having a wire grid structure, comprising a transparent substrate, a first antireflection film laminated on the first surface of the transparent substrate, a plurality of protrusions protruding from the first antireflection film, a second antireflection layer laminated on a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the plurality of protrusions are periodically arranged at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band, each of the protrusions extends in in a first direction and includes a reflective layer, a dielectric layer, and an absorption layer in order from the first direction, and both the first antireflection layer and the second antireflection layer have high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers that are alternately laminated.

Abstract: Provided is a transparent substrate, a plurality of protrusions protruding from the first surface of the transparent substrate; and an antireflection film laminated on the second surface opposite to the first surface of the transparent substrate, wherein the plurality of protrusions are periodically arranged at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band, each of the protrusions extends in in a first direction and includes a reflective layer, a dielectric layer, and an absorption layer in order from the first direction, the antireflection film has high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers that are alternately laminated, and the antireflection film is an ion beam assisted vapor deposition film or an ion beam sputtering film.

Abstract: Provided is a polarizing element having a wire grid structure, including: a transparent substrate; and grid-shaped convex portions arranged on the transparent substrate at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band and extending in a predetermined direction, wherein the grid-shaped convex portion includes a first absorption layer, a first dielectric layer, a reflection layer, a second dielectric layer, and a second absorption layer in order from the transparent substrate side. Further, an optical device including the polarizing plate is provided.

Abstract: This polarizing plate is a polarizing plate having a wire grid structure including a transparent substrate and a plurality of protrusions formed on the first surface of a transparent substrate, extending in a first direction, and periodically arranged apart from each other at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions includes a reflective layer, a dielectric layer, and an absorption layer in order from the transparent substrate, and the top surface and the side surface of each of the plurality of protrusions are coated with a protective film made of a dielectric material, and wherein the protective film has a cross-sectional area that gradually increases from the top surface side to the transparent substrate side when viewed from a cross section obtained by cutting the protrusion along a plane perpendicular to the surface of the transparent substrate and perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: This polarization plate is a polarization plate with a wire grid structure, having a transparent substrate, a plurality of projections which are formed on a first surface of the transparent substrate, extend in a first direction, and are arrayed at a pitch that is shorter than the wavelength of the used light region, and an antireflection layer which is formed on a second surface of the transparent substrate on the opposite side from the first surface, wherein surfaces of the plurality of projections and a surface of the antireflection layer are covered with protective films respectively formed from a second dielectric material.

Abstract: A polarizing element has a wire grid structure, and includes a transparent substrate, and projections, which are arrayed on the main surface of the substrate at a pitch p40 that is narrower than the wavelength of the light in the used light region, and extend along the Y-direction. The projections have a laminated structure in which two or more sets of a dielectric layer and a conductive layer are laminated alternately along the Z-direction. The conductive layers include a first conductive layer having absorption properties relative to the light in the used light region and a second conductive layer having reflective properties relative to the light in the used light region. The first conductive layer is provided as the conductive layer closest to the incident side of the light.

Abstract: To provide a polarizing plate capable of excellently controlling reflectance characteristics, a polarizing plate manufacturing method, and an optical apparatus including the polarizing plate. Provided is a polarizing plate 10 with a wire grid structure, including: a transparent substrate 1 and a grid-shaped convex portion 6 arranged on the transparent substrate at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light of a use band and extending in a predetermined direction, wherein the grid-shaped convex portion 6 includes a reflection layer 2, a first dielectric layer 3, and an absorption layer 4 in order from the transparent substrate 1, and wherein the reflection layer and the first dielectric layer have substantially the same width and a minimum width of the absorption layer is smaller than a minimum width of the reflection layer and the first dielectric layer as viewed from a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A polarizing plate has a wire grid structure, and includes a transparent substrate, and a plurality of protrusions, which extend in a first direction (y-direction) on the transparent substrate and are periodically spaced apart from each other at a pitch that is shorter than a wavelength of a light in a use band, wherein each of the protrusions has a base shape portion which is formed having a width across the cross-section orthogonal to the first direction (y-direction) that narrows toward the tip, and a protruding portion which protrudes from the base shape portion and absorbs light having a wavelength in the use band.

Abstract: Provided is a polarizing plate having a wire grid structure, comprising a transparent substrate, a first antireflection film laminated on the first surface of the transparent substrate, a plurality of protrusions protruding from the first antireflection film, a second antireflection layer laminated on a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the plurality of protrusions are periodically arranged at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band, each of the protrusions extends in in a first direction and includes a reflective layer, a dielectric layer, and an absorption layer in order from the first direction, and both the first antireflection layer and the second antireflection layer have high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers that are alternately laminated.

Abstract: Provided is a transparent substrate, a plurality of protrusions protruding from the first surface of the transparent substrate; and an antireflection film laminated on the second surface opposite to the first surface of the transparent substrate, wherein the plurality of protrusions are periodically arranged at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band, each of the protrusions extends in in a first direction and includes a reflective layer, a dielectric layer, and an absorption layer in order from the first direction, the antireflection film has high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers that are alternately laminated, and the antireflection film is an ion beam assisted vapor deposition film or an ion beam sputtering film.

Abstract: To provide a polarizing plate capable of excellently controlling reflectance characteristics, a polarizing plate manufacturing method, and an optical apparatus including the polarizing plate. Provided is a polarizing plate 10 with a wire grid structure, including: a transparent substrate 1 and a grid-shaped convex portion 6 arranged on the transparent substrate at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light of a use band and extending in a predetermined direction, wherein the grid-shaped convex portion 6 includes a reflection layer 2, a first dielectric layer 3, and an absorption layer 4 in order from the transparent substrate 1, and wherein the reflection layer and the first dielectric layer have substantially the same width and a minimum width of the absorption layer is smaller than a minimum width of the reflection layer and the first dielectric layer as viewed from a predetermined direction.

Abstract: Provided is a polarizing element having a wire grid structure, including: a transparent substrate; and grid-shaped convex portions arranged on the transparent substrate at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band and extending in a predetermined direction, wherein the grid-shaped convex portion includes a first absorption layer, a first dielectric layer, a reflection layer, a second dielectric layer, and a second absorption layer in order from the transparent substrate side. Further, an optical device including the polarizing plate is provided.

Abstract: To provide a polarizing plate capable of excellently controlling reflectance characteristics, a polarizing plate manufacturing method, and an optical apparatus including the polarizing plate. Provided is a polarizing plate 10 with a wire grid structure, including: a transparent substrate 1 and a grid-shaped convex portion 6 arranged on the transparent substrate at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light of a use band and extending in a predetermined direction, wherein the grid-shaped convex portion 6 includes a reflection layer 2, a first dielectric layer 3, and an absorption layer 4 in order from the transparent substrate 1, and wherein the reflection layer and the first dielectric layer have substantially the same width and a minimum width of the absorption layer is smaller than a minimum width of the reflection layer and the first dielectric layer as viewed from a predetermined direction.

Abstract: Provided is a polarizing element having a wire grid structure, including: a transparent substrate; and grid-shaped convex portions arranged on the transparent substrate at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band and extending in a predetermined direction, wherein the grid-shaped convex portion includes a first absorption layer, a first dielectric layer, a reflection layer, a second dielectric layer, and a second absorption layer in order from the transparent substrate side. Further, an optical device including the polarizing plate is provided.

Abstract: Provided is a polarizing element having a wire grid structure. The polarizing element includes a transparent substrate (11) and grid-shaped protrusions (10) that are arranged on the transparent substrate (11) at a smaller pitch than a wavelength of operating band light and that extend in a specific direction. The grid-shaped protrusions (10) include a reflection layer (12) formed on the transparent substrate (11). The reflection layer (12) includes a metal layer (15) and an oxide layer (16) that covers a side surface of the metal layer (15) as viewed in the specific direction and is formed from an oxide of a constituent metal of the metal layer (15).

Abstract: A polarizing element includes: a transparent substrate; and grid-shaped convexities that are arranged on the transparent substrate at a smaller pitch than a wavelength of operating band light and that extend in a specific direction. The grid-shaped convexities include a reflection layer formed on the transparent substrate and grid tips formed with side surfaces that, when viewed in the specific direction, are inclined in a direction of tip tapering.

Abstract: A polarizing element has a wire grid structure, and includes a transparent substrate, and projections, which are arrayed on the main surface of the substrate at a pitch p40 that is narrower than the wavelength of the light in the used light region, and extend along the Y-direction. The projections have a laminated structure in which two or more sets of a dielectric layer and a conductive layer are laminated alternately along the Z-direction. The conductive layers include a first conductive layer having absorption properties relative to the light in the used light region and a second conductive layer having reflective properties relative to the light in the used light region. The first conductive layer is provided as the conductive layer closest to the incident side of the light.