Abstract: A sanding automation system for removing a surface defect of an exterior component includes a first robot for generating an inspection mark of a certain pattern on an exterior component with uniform pressure through an inspection mark tool to secure visibility of a surface defect, a vision system for analyzing an image of the exterior component photographed through at least one vision sensor and recognizing a surface defect marking position and a surface defect depth level displayed on the exterior component on which the inspection mark is generated, and a second robot for removing the surface defect by sequentially moving a sanding tool to at least one of the surface defect marking positions and performing a sanding operation with the set amount of sanding according to a corresponding surface defect depth level.