Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for treating viral, proliferative and inflammatory diseases are disclosed comprising an amount of pharmaceutically acceptable vitamin B12 compound in combination with an interferon compound. Vitamin B12 compounds are administered separately, simultaneously or in combination with interferon compounds to provide an enhanced therapeutic effect for treating viral, proliferative and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Endpoint of a chemical mechanical polishing process is detected by monitoring acoustical emissions produced by contact between a polishing pad and a wafer. The acoustic information is resolved into a frequency spectrum utilizing techniques such as fast Fourier transformation. Characteristic changes in frequency spectra of the acoustic emissions reveal transition in polishing between different material layers. CMP endpoint indicated by a change in the acoustic frequency spectrum is validated by correlation with other sensed properties, including but not limited to time-based changes in amplitude of acoustic emissions, frictional coefficient, capacitance, and/or resistance. CMP endpoint revealed by a change in acoustic frequency spectrum can also be validated by comparison with characteristic frequency spectra obtained at endpoints or polishing transitions of prior operational runs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a the present invention which relates to a new Romaine (Cos) Lactuca sativa cultivar designated Green Forest, which exhibits resistance to lettuce drop and tipburn, a leaf color of Value 3 Chroma 4 Hue 7.5 GY according to the Munsel Color Chart for Plant Tissues and weighs about 4.7% more than the comparable varieties of Romaine Lettuce.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and kits for detecting and monitoring liver damage in a subject. The methods and kits rely on the correlation between the presence or increase in a kallikrein-like peptidase in a sample from the subject and liver disease. Additionally, the present invention provides in vivo and in vitro methods for detecting toxicity of a therapeutic agent. Methods for detecting, diagnosing, or monitoring liver damage by measuring a panel of components, including kallikrein-like peptidase, along with other blood enzymes and/or complement components are also provided.

Abstract: A framework for accomplishing vocabulary-based data transformations, for interfacing systems of disparate data formats. The framework is layered to separate the terms of documents form the underlying concepts corresponding thereto. The layers include an ontology layer for defining concepts, a vocabulary layer for labeling the concepts, a specification layer that specifies the concepts and labels, and a representation layer for encoding data in conformance with the specification layer. The separation enables the relationships between existing transformations to be automatically leveraged for minimizing user input for creating new transformations.

Abstract: An Internet enabled remote tag-processing terminal is disclosed for facilitating commercial transactions using competitive information. A remote terminal reads/scans product tags or labels, and their content is transmitted to a service node to conduct an on-line search for competitive information on similar products. The service node then sends an information response to the remote terminal, which allow a user (1) to determine whether to complete a commercial transaction while in a retailer location, (2) complete an on-line commercial transaction in response to the received competitive information or (3) adjust the scanned tag or search parameters to conduct a new search.

Abstract: Methods and systems consistent with certain aspects related to the invention provide product availability information to a requestor via a proxy computer. In one aspect, a proxy computer that acts on the behalf of a seller computer receives product inventory information and one or more inventory control rules provided by the seller computer. In response to an availability request provided by a user, the proxy computer may determine product availability information based on the product inventory information and the one or more inventory control rules. Further, the proxy computer may be configured to update at the product inventory information and/or one or more control rules based on a determination that the seller computer has updated the same information stored in a database.

Abstract: The foregoing objects are achieved as is now described. A method for evaluating frequency plans for a CDMA based communication system having fixed base radio telephones is provided. The method begins by determining locations of a plurality of antennas. The plurality of antennas provide a coverage area for radio telephones. Then the method generates locations of radio telephones within the coverage area. Next, a distance from each radio telephone to the antennas is calculated. Then frequencies are allocated to the antennas. The resulting communication parameters between the radio telephones and the antennas are evaluated. Next, the coverage area which provides optimum power control to each radio telephone is determined. A frequency reuse factor is calculated to determine the efficiency of the allocated frequencies such that frequency allocation plans can be analyzed to determine efficient frequency planning.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a low-leakage, high-performance device. A substrate having a gate electrode thereon is provided. A lightly doped, high-energy implantation is conducted to form a lightly doped source/drain terminal in the substrate. An offset spacer is formed on each sidewall of the gate electrode. A heavily doped implantation is conducted to form a heavily doped source/drain terminal in the substrate. The heavily doped source/drain terminal has a depth smaller than the lightly doped source/drain terminal. A protective spacer structure is formed on each sidewall of the gate electrode. A deep-penetration source/drain implantation is carried out to form a deep source/drain terminal in the substrate.

Abstract: Methods of forming copper interconnects free from via-to-via leakage currents and having low resistances are disclosed. In a first aspect, a barrier layer is deposited on the first metal layer prior to copper oxide sputter-etching to prevent copper atoms from reaching the interlayer dielectric and forming via-to-via leakage current paths therein. In a second aspect, a capping dielectric barrier layer is deposited over the first metal layer prior to sputter etching. During sputter-etching, the capping dielectric barrier layer redistributes on the sidewalls of the interlayer dielectric, preventing sputter-etched copper atoms from reaching the interlayer dielectric and forming via-to-via leakage paths therein. In a third aspect, both a capping dielectric barrier layer and a barrier layer are deposited over the first metal layer prior to sputter-etching to prevent copper atoms produced during sputter-etching from reaching the interlayer dielectric and forming via-to-via leakage paths therein.

Abstract: An underwear construction having a trunk panel, an inner panel with an open edge for providing access through the inner panel, an outer panel having openings along opposed side edges, the outer panel overlying the inner panel, wherein the trunk panel, inner panel, and outer panel are joined to provide a wearer of said underwear selective unencumbered access to the penis through either of the openings in said outer panel and through the open edge of said inner panel.

Abstract: A building block for use in construction, comprises a first and second side wall. First and second end walls join the first side wall to the second side wall at the respective ends thereof. A top surface and a bottom surface are also provided. The top and bottom surfaces are profiled to interfit with one another. The block is characterized in that each end wall is substantially Z-shaped.

Abstract: An appliance clutch removal and installation tool for providing a convenient device for removing and installing an appliance clutch. The appliance clutch removal and installation tool includes a body member preferably having a relatively elongate structure, a first handle and a second handle attached to an upper end of the body member, and a plurality of cutouts extending into a lower end of the body member defining a plurality of engaging members. Each of the engaging members has a first side and a second side tapering inwardly from the exterior of the body member. The plurality of cutouts receive a corresponding plurality of teeth from the clutch member wherein the plurality of engaging members engage the teeth. The user rotates the body member while securing the threaded shaft thereby removing or installing the clutch member about the threaded shaft of the appliance.

Abstract: An electronic organizer and storage device has a plurality of compartments for storing tablets or capsules, a plurality of preprogrammed prescription cycles, a compliance verification function unit, a prescription cycle verification unit, a multi-color-multi-function indicator for confirming operation functions, a light for each compartment, and an alarm unit, the light unit and the alarm unit being formed so that a light flashes by the light unit adjacent to a corresponding tablet chamber when tablets or capsules are to be taken and at the same time an audible alarm is activated by the alarm unit so as to provide an audible alarm and at the same time visually identify which tablets or capsules to take next; a unit for storing information on missed alarms; a unit for displaying information on missed alarms using a light means and an audible means; and a unit to queue and transfer information on missed alarms to an external computing device.

Abstract: An improved, battery-operated liquid-crystal display (LCD) device designed to use the battery as a structural support for the LCD. The device, typically a cellular phone, media phone, or other telecommunications mobile station, includes a housing that encloses station components. The housing forms a window through which the LCD screen may be viewed when the device is in operation. A recess behind the LCD is formed for receiving a battery. The battery is made of a material that is sufficiently resistant to bending that, when the device, including the battery, is assembled, the battery structurally engages the LCD. That is, the battery provides at least some structural support to the LCD so as to reduce or eliminate deformation of the LCD that would otherwise have occurred due to a stress applied to the device.

Abstract: A shelter frame kit is adapted for detachably mounting in front of a primary spectacle frame wherein the shelter frame kit for supporting two auxiliary lenses includes a bridge extended between the two auxiliary lenses, two shelter arms having two pivot hinges affixed on upper sides of the two auxiliary lenses respectively, and two interlocking means provided at two ends of the two shelter arms respectively for interlocking with two rim lockers of the primary spectacle frame such that the auxiliary lenses are adapted for pivotally folding from a closed position to an open position, wherein in the closed position of the shelter frame kit, the two auxiliary lenses are respectively positioned in front of two lenses of the primary spectacle frame, and in the opened position of the shelter frame kit, the two auxiliary lenses are 180-degree flipped over the two lenses of the primary spectacle frame respectively.

Abstract: The invention described herein relates to modulation of fertility in male mammals. A genetically altered mouse having a mutation in the Kit/stem cell factor receptor protein is described. In addition, antibodies that specifically bind to a Kit/stem cell factor receptor are described. Methods to diagnose Kit-mediated fertility defects; methods to identify agents that modulate Kit-mediated activation of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase and thereby modulate spermatogenesis; and pharmaceuticals that modulate spermatogenesis by effecting Kit-mediated activation of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase are also described.

Abstract: A shelter frame kit is adapted for detachably mounting in front of a primary spectacle frame wherein the shelter frame kit for supporting two auxiliary lenses includes a bridge extended between the two auxiliary lenses, two shelter arms having two pivot hinges affixed on upper sides of the two auxiliary lenses respectively, and two interlocking means provided at two ends of the two shelter arms respectively for interlocking with two rim lockers of the primary spectacle frame such that the auxiliary lenses are adapted for pivotally folding from a closed position to an open position, wherein in the closed position of the shelter frame kit, the two auxiliary lenses are respectively positioned in front of two lenses of the primary spectacle frame, and in the opened position of the shelter frame kit, the two auxiliary lenses are 180-degree flipped over the two lenses of the primary spectacle frame respectively.

Abstract: A navigation system is disclosed including at least one RF tag having a predetermined signature. The system also includes a receiver having an RF tag reader capable of reading the predetermined signature. A controller is communicatively coupled to the receiver, a memory and output device. The controller is arranged to receive the predetermined signature, based upon the predetermined signature, obtain at least one navigation instruction stored in the memory, and output the navigation instruction using the output device. Additional non-navigational information may also be provided using the output device. The receiver may also include an input device for inputting information into the navigation system.

Abstract: An animal or dog kennel kit comprising a plurality of panels that can be connected or coupled together to form an enclosure. The plurality of panels includes at least one relatively small panel and one relatively large panel. The relatively small panel can be nested or placed within the relatively large panel to form a compact package for economical shipment.